Abstract P362: Significant Positive Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Advanced Aortic Calcification in an International Multiethnic Cohort of 1335 Men Aged 40-49 Years: The ERA JUMP Study

Introduction: Aortic calcification (AC) is a less widely used measure of atherosclerosis, has been linked to cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. A J-shaped association of alcohol consumption with CHD has been consistently reported in epidemiological studies. However, scanty literature is available describing the association of alcohol consumption and AC. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that alcohol consumption has a J-shaped association with advanced AC. Method: ERA JUMP is a population-based study of subclinical atherosclerosis in 1335 men aged 40-49 years without CVD (310 European American, 107 African American, 303 Japanese American, 313 Japanese in Japan and 308 Korean in South Korea). Participants were examined for AC, alcohol consumption, CV risk and other factors in 2002-07 with rigorous standardization. AC was assessed by electron-beam CT and quantified using the Agatston method. Advanced AC was defined as Agatston calcium score ≥300. Alcohol consumption was categorized into four groups: 0 (non-drinkers), <1 (light drinkers), > 1 to < 3 (moderate drinkers) and >3 drinks per day (heavy drinkers) (1 drink=12.5 grams of ethanol). Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between AC with alcohol consumption adjusting for age, race, CV risk and other factors. Results: Among 1299 studied participants, after excluding participants with missing values for AC (n=36), 70.3% (913 of 1299) were current drinkers and 10.9% (142 of 1299) had advanced AC. Prevalence of advanced AC among non, light, moderate, and heavy drinkers was 7.25% (28 of 386), 10.89% (43 of 395), 9.06% (28 of 309), and 20.57% (43 of 209) respectively. Alcohol consumption had a positive association with advanced AC with a significant cubic trend (p<0.01). There was no significant interaction on advanced AC between race and alcohol consumption. Conclusion: A significant positive association between alcohol consumption and advanced AC was observed in this cross-sectional study of an international multi-ethnic cohort.

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The Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Dysmenorrhea in University Students in North China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22498/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhuo Yang ◽

Jia Guo ◽

Ming-li Sun ◽

Qin-cheng He ◽

Ya-Nan Ma

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Positive Association ◽

Female College Students ◽

Age At Menarche ◽

Confounding Factors ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female College ◽

Logistic Regression Models

Abstract Background: Dysmenorrhea is a condition frequently affecting menstruating women worldwide. Unfortunately, only a few studies have estimated the relationship between alcohol consumption and dysmenorrhea among women. In particular, there are fewer studies to explore the association between alcohol consumption, dysmenorrhea, and age at menarche. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether and to what extent alcohol consumption is related to dysmenorrhea and age at menarche. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted among college students. A total of 3,837 participants (age ≥18 years) volunteered to participate in the study and completed the questionnaire. Moreover, 145 were excluded from the study owing to exclusion criteria. We divided female college students into two groups stratified by age at menarche (AAM) 13 years. Logistic regression models were performed to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of alcohol consumption with dysmenorrhea, adjusting for confounding factors. Results: A total of 3692 female college students completed the survey, including 409 (11.08%) who reported alcohol use. We found that alcohol consumption was not related to dysmenorrhea. However, stratified by age at menarche, we found that a positive association between alcohol consumption and dysmenorrhea among participants with AAM ≥13 years (OR,1.41; 95% CI, 1.06, 1.88). Compared with participants who reported no alcohol consumption, participants who reported consuming alcohol at least once a month (OR,1.29; 95% CI, 0.94, 1.78) and alcohol consumption at least once a week (OR,1.92; 95% CI, 1.07, 3.45) were more likely to have dysmenorrhea adjusting for other confounding factors. Conclusion: Our findings showed overall no association of alcohol consumption with dysmenorrhea but a statistically significant positive association for those whose AAM was >13 years.

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An Epidemiological Study on Pattern of Smoking, Alcohol and Other Drugs Consumption among Femal Tea Pluckers in Nuwara-Eliya District, Sri Lanka

SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS ◽

10.3126/saarctb.v6i1.3062 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 31-38

Author(s):

AP Weerakoon ◽

RK Jha ◽

PR Wijeweera ◽

Yapa Abeywardana ◽

W Gamage ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Alcoholic Beverage ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Positive Association ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Keywords Alcohol ◽

Alcohol And Other Drugs

Introduction : Smoking and alcohol consumption among the estate population are considered to be high. However there is little documented evidence on the prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption among female estate workers in Sri Lanka. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of smoking, alcohol and other dugs consumption among female estate workers and to find out factors associated with these habits. Methodology : A community based cross sectional study was carried out with a sample of 928 females on a presumptive prevalence of 10% of alcohol users, using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected by trained field public health midwives using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis of data was carried out using SPSS version 11. Results : The response rate was 97.8%. Prevalence of smoking, alcohol and other drugs were 7.27%, 34.7% and 0% respectively. Among smokers, most smoked cigar (55%), followed by Beedi (39%) and cigarette (6%). None indulged in dangerous drugs like Heroin and cannabis. Most consumed alcoholic beverage was toddy (64%) followed by arrack (31%). Seventy four percent of women stated that they consume alcohol because they were influenced by their husbands. A significant positive association was observed between smoking and (a)illiteracy (p<0.05) (b) marriage(p<0.05) (c) age more than 35 years (p < 0.01) .There was a significant positive association observed between alcohol consumption and (a)illiteracy (p<0.001) (b) marriage(p<0.001) (c) parental drinking (p<0.001).There was a significant positive association between the use of alcohol and dispute within the family (p<0.001) as well as dispute with the neighbours (p<0.01) Conclusion : One third of estate women consume alcohol and 7% indulge in smoking, which is very much more than for the rest of the country. There is an urgent need for health awareness to be implemented in the estate sector to overcome this problem. Keywords : Alcohol; smoking; estate women; Sri Lanka; prevalence DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v6i1.3062 SAARC J. Tuber. Lung Dis. HIV/AIDS 2009 VI (1) 31-38

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Perceived Overprotection and Its Association With Quality of Life in Dementia

GeroPsych ◽

10.1024/1662-9647/a000207 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 125-134

Author(s):

Mechthild Niemann-Mirmehdi ◽

Andreas Häusler ◽

Paul Gellert ◽

Johanna Nordheim

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Patient Autonomy ◽

Positive Association ◽

Well Being ◽

Negative Association ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Mental Well Being

Abstract. To date, few studies have focused on perceived overprotection from the perspective of people with dementia (PwD). In the present examination, the association of perceived overprotection in PwD is examined as an autonomy-restricting factor and thus negative for their mental well-being. Cross-sectional data from the prospective DYADEM study of 82 patient/partner dyads (mean age = 74.26) were used to investigate the association between overprotection, perceived stress, depression, and quality of life (QoL). The analyses show that an overprotective contact style with PwD has a significant positive association with stress and depression, and has a negative association with QoL. The results emphasize the importance of avoiding an overprotective care style and supporting patient autonomy.

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Removable denture is a risk indicator for peri-implantitis and facilitates expansion of specific periodontopathogens: a cross-sectional study

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01529-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jasmin Grischke ◽

Szymon P. Szafrański ◽

Uthayakumar Muthukumarasamy ◽

Susanne Haeussler ◽

Meike Stiesch

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Species ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Risk Indicators ◽

Risk Indicator ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Linear Discriminant ◽

Removable Denture

Abstract Background The prevalence of peri-implantitis ranges between 7 and 38.4% depending on risk indicators such as smoking, diabetes mellitus, lack of periodontal maintenance program, and history or presence of periodontitis. Currently, the possible effect of the type of superstructure on peri-implant health is unclear. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the influence of the superstructure on the prevalence of peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis and peri-implant dysbiosis. Methods During a 32-month recruitment period dental implants were assessed to diagnose healthy peri-implant tissues, mucositis or peri-implantitis. The study included 1097 implants in 196 patients. Out of all peri-implantitis cases 20 randomly chosen submucosal biofilms from implants with fixed denture (FD) originating from 13 patients and 11 biofilms from implants with removable dentures (RD) originating from 3 patients were studied for microbiome analysis. Composition of transcriptionally active biofilms was revealed by RNAseq. Metatranscriptomic profiles were created for thirty-one peri-implant biofilms suffering from peri-implantitis and microbiome changes associated with superstructure types were identified. Results 16.41% of the implants were diagnosed with peri-implantitis, 25.00% of implants with RD and 12.68% of implants with FD, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed a significant positive association on patient (p = < 0.001) and implant level (p = 0.03) between the prevalence of peri-implantitis and RD. Eight bacterial species were associated either with FD or RD by linear discriminant analysis effect size method. However, significant intergroup confounders (e.g. smoking) were present. Conclusions Within the limitations of the present work, RDs appear to be a risk indicator for peri-implantitis and seem to facilitate expansion of specific periodontopathogens. Potential ecological and pathological consequences of shift in microbiome from RDs towards higher activity of Fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies animalis and Prevotella intermedia require further investigation.

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Determinants of corporate voluntary disclosure in a transition economy

Problems and Perspectives in Management ◽

10.21511/ppm.18(4).2020.12 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 130-141

Author(s):

Mofijul Hoq Masum ◽

Ahmed Razman Abdul Latiff ◽

Mohammad Noor Hisham Osman

Keyword(s):

Voluntary Disclosure ◽

Transition Economy ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Regulatory Bodies ◽

International University ◽

Chemical Companies

Corporate voluntary disclosure becomes a burning issue in the literature of accounting throughout the last two decades. The study aims to explore the most crucial determinants that influence corporate voluntary disclosure in a transition economy. A cross-sectional study based on the pharmaceutical and chemical companies listed in the Dhaka Stock Exchange is conducted to reconnoiter the crucial determinants affecting the voluntary disclosure. Based on the agency theory, stakeholder theory, and previous literature, the determinants are selected. An unweighted disclosure index is used to measure the extent of voluntary disclosure; after that, a multivariate analysis is steered to reconnoiter the key determinants of voluntary disclosure. It is found that firm leverage and firm liquidity are the key determinants that significantly influence the corporate voluntary disclosure in a transition economy. In contrast, no significant positive association is found between voluntary disclosure and board size. In additon, it is also found that market category significantly influences voluntary disclosure with an inverse direction. This study has important implications for both the corporate people and the regulatory bodies of the transition economy. The study also helps various stakeholders of the transition economy – Bangladesh, in designing their strategies regarding the most significant determinants of voluntary disclosure. Acknowledgment We are very thankful to the Institute of Advanced Research (IAR), United International University, Bangladesh, to grant us the fund by mobilizing which we generate our required data for the study and complete this empirical study.

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Association of Dietary and Lifestyle Inflammation Score With Metabolic Syndrome in a Sample of Iranian Adults

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.735174 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Dehghani Firouzabadi ◽

Ahmad Jayedi ◽

Elaheh Asgari ◽

Zahra Akbarzadeh ◽

Nasim Janbozorgi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Adult Population ◽

Positive Association ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Adult Population ◽

Education Status ◽

Inflammation Score

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the association between the dietary and lifestyle inflammation score (DLIS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a sample of Iranian adults.Design: Population-based cross-sectional study.Setting: General adult population living in Tehran, Iran.Subjects: We included 827 adult men and women with an age range of 18–59 years who were referred to health centers in different districts of Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire with 168 items. The DLIS was calculated based on four components, including dietary inflammation score, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and general obesity. Higher DLIS represents a more proinflammatory diet and lifestyle. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the MetS across quartiles of the DLIS was calculated by using logistic regression analysis, controlling for age, sex, energy intake, marital status, education status, and occupation.Results: A total of 827 participants (31% men) were included, with a mean age of 44.7 ± 10.7 years. The prevalence of the MetS was 30.5%. The DLIS ranged between −2.35 and +3.19 (mean ± SD: 0.54 ± 1.09). There was a significant positive association between the DLIS and odds of MetS (OR fourthvs.thefirstquartile: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.01–2.45) in the fully adjusted model.Conclusion: Our results showed a significant positive association between the DLIS and odds of MetS. The results of the present crosssectional study suggested that having a more proinflammatory lifestyle can be associated with MetS. More prospective studies are needed to confirm the findings.

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Exploring the relationship of human–nature interaction and mindfulness: a cross-sectional study

10.31231/osf.io/9dx72 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pooja Sahni ◽

Jyoti Kumar

Keyword(s):

Mental Health Problems ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nature Relatedness ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Nature Experience

History is replete with examples where humans have sought refuge in nature for psychological restoration. In this cross-sectional study we explore the relationship of nature experience and mindfulness. Nature experience is assessed through “nature in the neighbourhood”, “frequency of visit” to nature-rich spaces, as well as one's inherent connection with nature described as “nature relatedness”. The study sample consisted of 334 Indian adults. The findings from this study show that frequency of visit to nature-rich spaces has a significant positive association with mindfulness. The hierarchical regression analysis suggests an interaction effect of “nature relatedness” in the association of the presence of nature rich spaces in the neighbourhood, frequency of visit as well as mindfulness. Interestingly, when childhood experiences were explored they had a significant association with “nature relatedness” and mindfulness. The evidence from this research suggests that nature experience may find its application as one of the mindfulness techniques prescribed for self-management of mental health problems.

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Ultra-processed foods drive to unhealthy diets: evidence from Chile

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980019004737 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gustavo Cediel ◽

Marcela Reyes ◽

Camila Corvalán ◽

Renata Bertazzi Levy ◽

Ricardo Uauy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Density ◽

Total Energy ◽

Population Attributable Fraction ◽

Positive Association ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Trans Fats ◽

Free Sugars ◽

Saturated Fats

Abstract Objectives: To assess the consumption of ultra-processed foods and its association with the overall dietary content of nutrients related to non-communicable diseases (NCD) in the Chilean diet and to estimate the population attributable fraction of ultra-processed food consumption on the unhealthy nutrient content. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of dietary data collected through a national survey (2010). Setting: Chile. Participants: Chilean population aged ≥2 years (n 4920). Results: In Chile, ultra-processed foods represented 28·6 % of the total energy intake. A significant positive association was found between the dietary share of ultra-processed foods and NCD-promoting nutrients such as dietary energy density (standardised regression coefficient (β) = 0·22), content of free sugars (β = 0·45), total fats (β = 0·26), saturated fats (β = 0·19), trans fats (β = 0·09) and Na:K ratio (β = 0·04), while a significant negative association was found with the content of NCD-protective nutrients such as K (β = –0·19) and fibre (β = –0·31). The content of Na (β = 0·02) presented no significant association. Except for Na, the prevalence of inadequate intake of all nutrients (WHO recommendations) increased across quintiles of the dietary share of ultra-processed foods. With the reduction of ultra-processed foods consumption to the level seen among the 20 % lowest consumers (3·8 % (0–9·3 %) of the total energy from ultra-processed foods), the prevalence of nutrient inadequacy would be reduced in almost three-fourths for trans fats; in half for energy density (foods); in around one-third for saturated fats, energy density (beverages), free sugars and total fats; in near 20 % for fibre and Na:K ratio and in 13 % for K. Conclusions: In Chile, decreasing the consumption of ultra-processed foods is a potentially effective way to achieve the WHO nutrient goals for the prevention of diet-related NCD.

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A link between knowledge sharing and managers’ characteristics

Leadership & Organization Development Journal ◽

10.1108/lodj-06-2018-0236 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (8) ◽

pp. 1024-1036 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jana Matošková ◽

Lucie Macurová ◽

Lucie Tomancová

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Sharing ◽

Leadership Style ◽

Principal Axis ◽

Empirical Work ◽

Positive Association ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type ◽

The Relationship ◽

Principal Axis Factor

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether and to what extent knowledge-oriented leadership (KOL) is associated with knowledge sharing (KS) in an organization as well as the dimensions of this leadership style. Design/methodology/approach Opinion-based questionnaires were applied in the study. A principal axis factor analysis was conducted to find the main factors in KOL (n=236). The relationship between KS and KOL was tested with Pearson’s correlation coefficient method. Findings The findings support the importance of high-quality leader–member exchange for KS because KOL had a strong significant positive association with the extent of KS in the organization (n=96, r=0.521). The principal axis factor suggested three factors, all of which were moderately significantly related to KS: the perceived support from the superior, enough time for KS and information flow from the superior. Research limitations/implications The research design in this study was cross-sectional. Thus, the interpretations of the cause–effect relationship among the variables could not be determined. Furthermore, the findings should be confirmed using a larger sample. Practical implications The study indicates that if innovativeness and the use of human capital are important for an organization’s competitive ability, it is vital to train managers to be able to apply KOL. Originality/value Few studies have addressed the relationship between leadership and KS. Hence, this study contributes to a better understanding of the relation between KS and KOL style. Additionally, KOL is probably a multidimensional construct, but little empirical work has been done to explore it.

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Impact of Corporate Citizenship on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour of Managers: A Study from Selected Indian Banks

Global Business Review ◽

10.1177/0972150917749289 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 294-311

Author(s):

Neena R. Jain ◽

Irfan A. Rizvi

Keyword(s):

Organizational Citizenship ◽

Demographic Variable ◽

Corporate Citizenship ◽

Positive Association ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Public ◽

Indian Banks ◽

The Impact

The primary aim of this research article is to explore the relationship between corporate citizenship (CC) and organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB), specific to selected banks in India. The article has used multi-cross-sectional descriptive empirical data collected from a sample of 430 managers from selected banks in the public and private sectors. The instruments used are a scale developed by Maignan and Ferrell (2000) for CC and a scale developed by Lee and Allen (2002) for OCB. The results show a significant positive association between CC and OCB. Findings also reveal that the ethical and discretionary dimensions of CC are significant predictors of employee OCB. The article draws upon the data to see the impact of demographics on CC and OCB. The demographic variable of age in the organizations is found to have an impact on the employee perception of CC and also OCB demonstrated by them. The results highlight the need for strengthening CC practices in the organization and the role of managers in communicating strongly the citizenship practices adopted by the organization to foster positive work attitudes.

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