Abstract P221: Metabolic Syndrome And Its Factors Associate With Non-calcified Coronary Plaque Burden In Chronic Inflammation: Results From A Prospective Observational Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meron Teklu ◽  
Wunan Zhou ◽  
Nidhi Patel ◽  
Grigory Manyak ◽  
Amit K Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Early Atherosclerosis

Introduction: Psoriasis is a common, inflammatory skin disease associated with systemic inflammation and heightened risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Population studies have shown that psoriasis is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and its individual components. However, the impact of MetSyn on early atherosclerosis in chronic inflammatory diseases assessed as non-calcified coronary plaque burden (NCB) by coronary computed CT angiography (CCTA) is not known. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that those with MetSyn in psoriasis would have increased NCB compared to non-MetSyn and that MetSyn and its components would associate with NCB in fully adjusted models. Methods: The cohort consisted of 336 psoriasis patients free of cardiovascular disease, of which 326 had adequate data to classify MetSyn based on the International Diabetes Federation criteria (waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, blood pressure and fasting glucose). Of these, 260 had quantitative CCTA data available for analyses (Stata 16). Results: Of the 260 patients, 80 had MetSyn (31%). The MetSyn group had increased cardiometabolic disease and more adverse coronary characteristics including higher non-calcified ( p <.001) and high-risk plaque ( p =.02) (Table) . In fully adjusted models for Framingham risk score, lipid lowering therapy and biologic use, MetSyn (β=0.31; p< .001) and its individual components of waist circumference (β=0.33; p <.001), triglycerides (β=0.17; p =.005), blood pressure (β=0.18; p =.005) and fasting glucose (β=0.17; p =.009) associated with NCB. Conclusions: MetSyn and its components were associated with NCB in psoriasis suggesting that early atherosclerosis is importantly impacted by poor cardiometabolic health. Components of MetSyn should be assessed in psoriasis patients and patients educated about this heightened risk of CVD associated with MetSyn.

scholarly journals The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Krasnoyarsk Krai population and the features of its association with hyperuricemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 3852
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Grinshtein ◽  
V. V. Shabalin ◽  
R. R. Ruf ◽  
S. A. Shalnova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Total Prevalence

Aim. To study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components, as well as their relationship with hyperuricemia (HU) in a representative sample of the Krasnoyarsk Krai.Material and methods. As part of a multicenter epidemiological study ESSE-RF, a representative sample of 1603 residents of the Krasnoyarsk Krai aged 25-64 was randomized. All subjects underwent a questionnaire survey, anthropometry, office blood pressure (BP) measurement, determining the levels of blood lipids, plasma glucose and serum uric acid. MS was diagnosed according to the modified NCEP ATP III criteria (2005). Statistical processing was carried out using the software package IBM SPSS v 22.Results. The total prevalence of MS was 26,8%; higher in women than in men (29,4% vs 22,9%). With age, the prevalence of MS significantly increased — from 6,9% in subjects aged 25-34 years to 45,2% in people 55-64 years old. The prevalence of MS was significantly higher among rural residents compared with urban ones (36,8% vs 23,1%). Education level significantly affected prevalence of MS: in people with basic education, MS was found in 35,7%, with secondary — in 30,3%, with higher — in 17,8%. Regression analysis showed that hypertriglyceridemia, blood pressure >130/85 mm Hg and glucose ≥5,6 mmol/l were a significant predictors of HU in all subjects. For men, significant predictors of HU were hypertriglyceridemia and abdominal obesity, and for women — glucose ≥5,6 mmol/l and lipid-lowering therapy.Conclusion. The prevalence of MS in the Krasnoyarsk Krai, according to the modified NCEP ATP III criteria (2005), is 26,8%. MS is more often recorded in women than in men and in rural residents than in urban ones. With an increase in the education level, MS is less common. With age, the prevalence of MS significantly increases. The correlation of HU is not revealed with all the components of MS and has sex differences.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome Risk Among Adults Living with Sickle Cell Disease

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 3405-3405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn M Bediako ◽  
Julie Nelson ◽  
Cody Cichowitz ◽  
Tiffany Yu ◽  
C. Patrick Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Cell Disease

Abstract Background: The life span of individuals living with sickle cell disease (SCD) has increased considerably over the past three decades. Yet, as this group ages, new concerns emerge about their overall health profile - particularly with regard to cardiovascular disease (CVD), the primary cause of mortality in the United States. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of conditions that are associated with a 2-fold increase in CVD outcomes and a 1.5-fold increase in all-cause mortality. Little is known, however, about the prevalence of MetS risk factors among adults with SCD. As part of exploring the CVD profile of this population, we report findings from a pilot study that sought to evaluate MetS (typically defined as the presence of 3 or more risk factors). Methods: 49 adults (ages 21-66 years; 72% female) completed demographic and health behavior surveys, health-related family and personal histories, anthropometric measurements, the Block 2005 nutritional assessment, and a comprehensive blood panel. In terms of SCD genotype, 63% of participants were diagnosed with homozygous sickle cell anemia and 37% were diagnosed with hemoglobin SC disease. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to summarize and compare MetS components stratified in separate analyses by genotype and sex. Results: The most prevalent MetS risk factors observed in our study - large waist circumference and reduced HDL levels - affected 45% and 69% of the sample, respectively. Overall, 16% of participants met traditional criteria for MetS. Table 1 summarizes mean values and shows the gender-adjusted risk for MetS. Although 78% of the sample self-reported moderate to high physical activity, nearly half of participants were overweight and had dietary saturated fat intake levels that exceeded both the national average and US Dietary Guidelines (<10%). Participants with the SC phenotype were older, consumed more calories, and had higher BMI, waist circumference, and BP values compared to those with the SS phenotype. Overall, males had worse MetS risk profiles compared to women, but no statistically significant sex differences were observed with regard to components of MetS. Conclusion: We report prevalence of MetS components, a surrogate of CVD risk, in a sample of adults living with SCD. Despite high levels of self-reported physical activity, both increased waist circumference and reduced HDL levels were notably high in our sample. These findings correspond with recent studies that indicate an upward trend in obesity and BMI among young adults with SCD. They also suggest a need to prioritize weight management, aerobic exercise, and resistance training strategies that could decrease MetS risk, but are rarely considered for this population. Table 1. Metabolic syndrome risk among adults living with SCD (N=49) Mean Value (SD) Proportion at Risk* Male (n = 14) Female (n = 35) Male (n = 14) Female (n = 35) Age (years) 41.6 (10.76) 39.3 (12.86) - - Waist circumference (cm) 96.53 (21.99) 90.75 (14.05) 42.9% 45.7% Triglycerides (mg/dL) 114.21 (57.22) 83.36 (36.21) 21.4% 3.0% HDL (mg/dL) 35.07 (9.51) 51.30 (20.31) 78.6% 69.7% Systolic BP 115.79 (15.00) 108.59 (13.15) 21.4% 8.6% Diastolic BP 69.11 (8.99) 62.17 (6.18) 0.0% 0.0% Fasting Glucose (mg/dL) 86.50 (8.07) 80.91 (13.73) 0.0% 9.0% Metabolic Syndrome - - 28.6% 8.6% *"Risk" is defined as: waist circumference > 89cm (Females) and > 102cm (Males); triglyceride levels > 150mg/dL; HDL levels < 50mg/dL (Females) and < 40mg/dL (Males); systolic blood pressure > 130; diastolic blood pressure > 85; fasting glucose levels > 100mg/dL. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals 937. Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in People with HIV under 40 Years in Guatemala

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S502-S502
Author(s):  
Hugo E Marroquín ◽  
Dean Ortiz ◽  
Lindsey Larson ◽  
Katherine Franco ◽  
Andrej Spec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
P Value ◽  
Low Hdl

Abstract Background HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) can lead to metabolic abnormalities associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk, some of these abnormalities (central obesity, elevated fasting glucose, triglycerides, and blood pressure and low HDL cholesterol) are in metabolic syndrome (MetS). The prevalence of MetS increases with age. Currently, the status of MetS in people with HIV (PWH) Guatemala is unknown. We assessed the prevalence of MetS and potential predictors in PWH participating in prospective cohort study at Hospital Roosevelt in Guatemala City. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of PWH under 40 years old receiving ART for at least 6 months from July 2019 to March 2020. The harmonized criteria for MetS and the cut-off for waist circumference recommended by the Latin American Diabetes Association were used. Association between MetS and gender, place of residency, ethnicity, educational level, baseline and current CD4 count, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, viral load, body mass index (BMI) and ART exposure was assessed in bivariate analysis. Potential predictors (p-value &lt; 0.1) were included in a multivariate binary logistic regression model. Results Of total cohort of 757 participants enrolled390 (51.5%) were younger than 40 years. Of those under &lt; 40 years, 150 (38.5%) were women, 59 (15.1%) Mayan, median age was 32 years (IQR 27, 37). 93 (23.8%) had MetS. Between group differences in Table 1. Of those with Met, 51 (54.8%) had elevated waist circumference, 87 (93.5%) elevated triglycerides, 83 (89.2%) low HDL-c, 56 (60.2%) elevated blood pressure and 35 (37.6%) elevated fasting glucose. Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 or higher and 2 years or more of cumulative non-nucleoside reverse transcription inhibitors (NNRTI) where more common in those &lt; 40 years with MetS compared to those without MetS. On multivariable regression, MetS was associated with current CD4 count &lt; 200 (OR 3.1; IC 1.51, 6.34; p-value &lt; 0.01) and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR; 6.53; IC 3.64, 11.73; p-value &lt; 0.01). Table1. Between group differences (No MetS vs MetS) Conclusion Nearly one in every four PWH under 40 years old in our cohort was affected by MetS. Dyslipidemia (elevated triglycerides and low HDL-c) was the main driver of MetS. Lower CD4 count and overweight were predictors for MetS in PWH under 40. Disclosures Andrej Spec, MD, MSCI, Astellas (Grant/Research Support)Mayne (Consultant)Scynexis (Consultant)

The Effects of an Incremental Approach to 10,000 Steps/Day on Metabolic Syndrome Components in Sedentary Overweight Women

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Musto ◽  
Kevin Jacobs ◽  
Mark Nash ◽  
Gianluca DelRossi ◽  
Arlette Perry
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Components

Background:Pedometer programs can increase physical activity in sedentary individuals, a population that is at risk for developing metabolic syndrome and each of its individual components. Although the popular 10,000 steps/day recommendation has shown to induce many favorable health benefits, it may be out of reach for sedentary individuals. This study observed the effects of incremental increases in steps/day on metabolic syndrome components in sedentary overweight women.Methods:This study was a longitudinal, quasiexperimental design. Participants were recruited from a 12-week work-site pedometer program and grouped as either ‘active’ or ‘control’ after the intervention based on their steps/day improvement. Self-reported physical activity, pedometer assessed physical activity, BMI, resting heart rate, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, HDLC, and fasting glucose were measured before and after the program.Results:The active group showed significant within-group improvements in waist circumference and fasting glucose. Significant group differences were observed in resting heart rate, BMI, and systolic blood pressure; however, the changes observed in systolic blood pressure were not independent of weight loss.Conclusions:Incremental increases in steps/day induced favorable changes in some MetS components suggesting that this approach is a viable starting point for sedentary individuals that may find it difficult to initially accumulate 10,000 steps/day.

Abstract 1244: Lipid Goals among Patients with Diabetes or the Metabolic Syndrome: The Lipid Treatment Assessment Project (L-TAP) 2

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
J W Jukema ◽  
Roger S Blumenthal ◽  
Raul D Santos ◽  
David D Waters ◽  
Michael Messig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lowering Therapy ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Risk Patients

Background: Achievement of lipid targets is particularly important in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) and the metabolic syndrome (MS) because their cardiovascular (CV) risk is high. This analysis of the L-TAP 2 population compared goal attainment by DM status and number of MS components. Methods: In L-TAP 2, patients aged ≥20 years with dyslipidemia on stable lipid lowering therapy were assessed at investigation sites in 9 countries (US, Spain, Canada, Netherlands, Korea, France, Taiwan, Mexico, and Brazil) between September 2006 and April 2007. Lipid levels were determined once in each patient at time of enrollment. Achievement of LDL-C success (according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines), triglycerides (TG) goals (<150 mg/dL), and HDL-C success (>40 mg/dL in men or >50 mg/dL in women) was compared using logistic regression by DM status and number of MS components (BMI ≥30 kg/m 2 , TG ≥150 mg/dL, HDL-C <40 mg/dL in men or <50 mg/dL in women, blood pressure ≥130/≥85 mm Hg, fasting glucose ≥110 mg/dL). Lipid and CRP levels were compared by DM status using ANOVA. Results: A total of 9955 patients were evaluated. Patients with DM, compared with those without DM, had significantly lower achievement of LDL-C success (67% vs 75%), TG goals (55% vs 64%), and HDL-C success (62% vs 75%; P <0.0001 for all comparisons). However, significantly more DM patients had LDL-C <70 mg/dL (28% vs 16%; P <0.0001). As the number of MS components increased, success rates significantly decreased for both LDL-C (81%, 75%, 71%, 69%, 69%, and 69% for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 MS components respectively; P <0.0001) and HDL-C (91%, 74%, 50%, and 24% for 1, 2, 3, and 4 MS components respectively; P <0.0001). Patients with DM, compared with those without DM, had significantly higher CRP levels (1.86 vs 1.52 mg/L), significantly lower total cholesterol (175 vs 188 mg/dL), LDL-C (91 vs 104 mg/dL), HDL-C (49 vs 54 mg/dL), and non-HDL-C (125 vs 134 mg/dL), and higher TG (177 vs 155 mg/dL; P <0.0001 for all comparisons). Conclusions: This analysis indicates that despite their increased CV risk, patients with DM remain undertreated. Furthermore, as the number of MS components increases, lipid goal success rates decrease.

Abstract P033: Biomarkers Relation to Prevalent Metabolic Syndrome in African Americans: A Multimarker Approach

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pelbreton C Balfour ◽  
Solomon K Musani ◽  
Aurelian Bidulescu ◽  
Floyd Washington ◽  
Herman A Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Clinical Correlates

Introduction: Multiple biological pathways have been related to metabolic syndrome (MetS) in both human and animal models. Whether biomarkers representing these pathways are associated with MetS has not been thoroughly investigated in African Americans. Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that at least one biomarker from a panel of seven biomarkers representing inflammatory (high sensitivity C-reactive protein; leptin), neuro-hormonal activation (aldosterone, B-natriuretic peptide, BNP; cortisol), and endothelial dysfunction (endothelin; homocysteine) are associated with prevalent metabolic syndrome in a large African American sample population. Methods: This study consisted of a total of 4,006 Jackson Heart Study participants (53±13 years, 64% female) that attended two consecutive examination cycles five (4.7±0.8) years apart. Prevalent MetS was defined as the presence of at least 3 of the following conditions: elevated BP (≥ 130 mm Hg systolic, ≥ 85 mm Hg diastolic or treatment with antihypertensive medications); increased waist circumference (≥ 102 cm in mean or ≥ 88 cm in women); hyperglycemia (fasting glucose ≥ 100 mg/ dL) or treatment with oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin; hypertriglyceridemia (≥ 150 mg/dL) or treatment with lipid lowering agents, and low HDL cholesterol (< 40 mg/dL in men, < 50 mg/dL in women). We used backward selection in multiple logistic regression models to identify biomarkers significantly associated with MetS. To account for effect of clinical correlates, we forced age, sex, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic pressures, fasting glucose and log triglycerides into the model. Results: Prevalent MetS was 27 % in the entire JHS participants (70% of which were women). Most participants had elevated blood pressure (85%), followed by high waist circumference (28 %) and HDL-cholesterol (20 %). We observed that prevalent metabolic syndrome was significantly associated with serum leptin (P<0.0001) and aldosterone (P<0.0001) after accounting for clinical correlates. Estimated effects, odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.62 (1.38, 1.91) and 1.28 (1.13, 1.40) for serum leptin concentration and aldosterone, respectively. Conclusions: In this large community-based epidemiological study we found using a multimarker approach that serum leptin and aldosterone are significantly related to prevalent MetS. These findings support the role of inflammation and neuro-hormonal transmitters in this clinical syndrome in African Americans. Further studies are needed to identify whether these markers predict incident metabolic syndrome and can serve as targets for medical therapy and clinical management.

scholarly journals Individual Diet Modification Reduces the Metabolic Syndrome in Patients Before Pharmacological Treatment

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2102
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko ◽  
Marta Rożniata ◽  
Kinga Zujko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Modification of lifestyle, including healthy nutrition, is the primary approach for metabolic syndrome (MetS) therapy. The aim of this study was to estimate how individual nutrition intervention affects the reduction of MetS components. Subjects diagnosed with MetS were recruited in the Lomza Medical Centre. The study group consisted of 90 participants and was divided into one intervention group (individual nutrition education group (INEG)) and one control group (CG). The research was conducted over 3 months. The following measurements were obtained during the first visit and after completion of the 3 months intervention: body mass, waist circumference, body composition, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and blood lipids. Dietary assessments were performed before and post-intervention using 3-day 24-h dietary recalls. Dietary knowledge was evaluated with the KomPAN questionnaire. The total polyphenol content of the diet was calculated. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were collected from a self-reported questionnaire. The physical activity was assessed by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). It was found that the individual nutrition education was an effective method to improve the knowledge, dietary habits, and physical activity of the study participants. The modification of the diet in terms of higher intake of polyphenols (flavonoids and anthocyanins), fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), PUFA n-3, and lower intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) had a significant impact on the improvement of some MetS risk factors (waist circumference, fasting glucose, and HDL-cholesterol).

What Types of Exercise Are More Effective in Reducing Obesity and Blood Pressure for Middle-Aged Women? A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 109980042110154
Author(s):  
Seong-Hi Park ◽  
Chul-Gyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Middle Aged

Background: A systematic review was performed to identify the types of physical activities effective as interventions in preventing metabolic syndrome in middle-aged women. Methods: Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL) served as the data sources. Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2 was applied to assess the risk of bias of the randomized controlled trials. Meta-analyses were performed on selected studies using Review Manager 5.3. Thirty-one trials enrolling 2,202 participants were included. Results: Compared to controls, the effects of physical activity were indicated by pooled mean differences, which were −0.57 kg for body weight, −0.43 kg/m2 for body mass index, −1.63 cm for waist circumference, −4.89 mmHg for systolic blood pressure (BP), and −2.71 mmHg for diastolic BP. The effects were greater on the measurements of waist circumference and BP than on body weight and BMI. The types of physical activities were further analyzed according to sub-groups. Only aerobic exercise did not affect body weight and resistance exercise did not significantly change any results. Contrarily, combined exercises significantly reduced measurements of waist circumference and BP. Conclusion: This review can provide valuable information for research and implementation of measures to prevent metabolic syndrome in middle-aged women.

scholarly journals Carbohydrate Restriction with or without Exercise Training Improves Blood Pressure and Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Women

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Shengyan Sun ◽  
Zhaowei Kong ◽  
Qingde Shi ◽  
Haifeng Zhang ◽  
On-Kei Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Carbohydrate Restriction ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 4-week low-carbohydrate diet (LC) with or without exercise training on cardiometabolic health-related profiles in overweight/obese women. Methods: Fifty overweight/obese Chinese women (age: 22.2 ± 3.3 years, body mass index (BMI): 25.1 ± 3.1 kg·m−2) were randomized to either a LC control group (LC-CON, n = 16), a LC and high-intensity interval training group (LC-HIIT, n = 17), or a LC and moderate-intensity continuous training group (LC-MICT, n = 17). All groups consumed LC for 4 weeks, while the LC-HIIT and LC-MICT groups followed an additional five sessions of HIIT (10 × 6 s cycling sprints and 9 s rest intervals, 2.5 min in total) or MICT (cycling continuously at 50–60% of peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) for 30 min) weekly. Blood pressure, fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, and several metabolic or appetite regulating hormones were measured before and after intervention. Results: Significant reductions in body weight (− ~2.5 kg, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.772) and BMI (− ~1 unit, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.782) were found in all groups. Systolic blood pressure was reduced by 5–6 mmHg (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.370); fasting insulin, leptin, and ghrelin levels were also significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while insulin sensitivity was improved. However, there were no significant changes in fasting glucose, glucagon, and gastric inhibitory peptide levels. Furthermore, no group differences were found among the three groups, suggesting that extra training (i.e., LC-HIIT and LC-MICT) failed to trigger additional effects on these cardiometabolic profiles. Conclusions: The short-term carbohydrate restriction diet caused significant weight loss and improved blood pressure and insulin sensitivity in the overweight/obese women, although the combination with exercise training had no additional benefits on the examined cardiometabolic profiles. Moreover, the long-term safety and effectiveness of LC needs further study.

scholarly journals The effects of metformin plus sulfonylurea therapy on clinical features of the metabolic syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Koprivica ◽  
Teodora Beljic-Zivkovic ◽  
Tatjana Ille
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Combined Therapy

Introduction. Insulin resistance is a well-known leading factor in the development of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate metabolic effects of metformin added to sulfonylurea in unsuccessfully treated type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. A group of thirty subjects, with type 2 diabetes, secondary sulfonylurea failure and metabolic syndrome were administered the combined therapy of sulfonylurea plus metformin for six months. Metformin 2000 mg/d was added to previously used sulfonylurea agent in maximum daily dose. Antihypertensive and hypolipemic therapy was not changed. The following parameters were assessed at the beginning and after six months of therapy: glycemic control, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol and its fractions, homeostatic models for evaluation of insulin resistance and secretion (HOMA R, HOMA B) and C- peptide. Results. Glycemic control was significantly improved after six months of the combined therapy: (fasting 7.89 vs. 10.61 mmol/l. p<0.01; postprandial 11.12 vs. 12.61 mmol/l. p<0.01, p<0.01; glycosylated hemoglobin 6.81 vs. 8.83%. p<0.01). the body mass index and waist circumference were significantly lower (26.7 vs. 27.8 kg/m2, p<0.01 and 99.7 vs. 101.4 cm for men, p<0.01; 87.2 vs. 88.5 for women, p<0.01). Fasting plasma triglycerides decreased from 3.37 to 2.45 mmol/l (p<0.001) and HOMA R from 7.04 to 5.23 (p<0.001). No treatment effects were observed on blood pressure, cholesterol, and residual insulin secretion. Conclusion. Administration of metformin in type 2 diabetes with metabolic syndrome decreased cardiovascular risk factors by reducing glycemia, triglycerides, BMI, central obesity and insulin resistance.

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