scholarly journals Relations between coagulation profiles, lipid profiles, and other risk factors with risk of first-ever ischemic stroke: a novel case-control study

Stroke ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 367-367
Author(s):  
Chyi-Huey Bai ◽  
Jiunn-Rong Chen ◽  
C. Kate Hsiao ◽  
Hou-Chang Chiu ◽  
Wen-Harn Pan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Hemostatic Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lipid Parameters

P156 Background and objectives: Several hemostatic factors and lipid parameters are associated with risk of coronary heart disease. Few studies have investigated the relations between these factors and risk of ischemic stroke. The major aim of this study was to estimate the risks of hypercoagulability, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia in acquiring first-ever ischemic stroke. An ancillary aim was to observe changes including biochemical and coagulation profiles in first-ever ischemic stroke inpatients from admission to 3 months later. Methods: One hundred and forty-four first-ever ischemic stroke inpatients and two types of controls (including 142 stable ischemic stroke outpatients and 181 non-stroke outpatients) were recruited from 1996 to 1999. Uric acid and glucose levels, status of hypertension, diabetes, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and atrial fibrillation (AF), and coagulation (clotting times, fibrinogen, factor VIIc, and factor VIIIc) and lipid (cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C and LDL-C) profiles were obtained. Results: The proportions of cases with elevated fibrinogen and factor VIIIc from admission to 3 months later were significantly higher than those of non-stroke controls, either with or without anticoagulants. The proportions of cases with decreased HDL-C and hyperglycemia were also significantly higher than those of non-stroke controls. After adjusting for multiple cardiovascular risk factors, elevated fibrinogen (OR=3.21; p=0.0071), hyperglycemia (OR=2.65; p=0.0076), hypertension (OR=1.97; p=0.0424), history of LVH (OR=3.15; p=0.0010), and carotid plaque states (OR=2.27; p=0.0185) were significantly associated with risk of first-ever ischemic stroke. Elevated factor VIIIc was at borderline significance level (OR=2.12; p=0.0722). Conclusion: Hypertension, hyperglycemia, LVH and positive carotid plaque were associated with risk of first-ever ischemic stroke. Elevated fibrinogen and factor VIIIc were also associated with first-ever ischemic stroke, indicating a role of coagulation profiles in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Is there a link between glucose levels and heart failure? An update

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 488-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaldo Schainberg ◽  
Antônio Ribeiro-Oliveira Jr. ◽  
José Marcio Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cv Disease ◽  
The Relationship

It has been well documented that there is an increased prevalence of standard cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in association with diabetes and with diabetes-related abnormalities. Hyperglycemia, in particular, also plays an important role. Heart failure (HF) has become a frequent manifestation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with diabetes mellitus. Epidemiological studies suggest that the effect of hyperglycemia on HF risk is independent of other known risk factors. Analysis of datasets from populations including individuals with dysglycemia suggests the pathogenic role of hyperglycemia on left ventricular function and on the natural history of HF. Despite substantial epidemiological evidence of the relationship between diabetes and HF, data from available interventional trials assessing the effect of a glucose-lowering strategy on CV outcomes are limited. To provide some insight into these issues, we describe in this review the recent important data to understand the natural course of CV disease in diabetic individuals and the role of hyperglycemia at different times in the progression of HF.

scholarly journals Methamphetamine Abuse Presenting as Stroke Related to the Cardiac Thrombus: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 147-149
Author(s):  
Behnam Shakerian ◽  
Mohammad Jebelli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Methamphetamine Abuse ◽  
Vascular Toxicity ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accidents ◽  
Cardiac Thrombus ◽  
History Of

Methamphetamine has become a drug of widespread use in young abusers in Iran. It may induce hypertension, vasospasm, and direct vascular toxicity. Harmful consequences are common, including cardiac and cerebrovascular accidents. This is a report of a 37-year-old man with a 3-year history of drug use that presented to the emergency department within 30 min of the onset of syncope followed by speech difficulty and right-sided weakness. The patient had an extensive ischemic stroke because of left ventricular apical thrombus without any other significant risk factors such as hypertension, alcohol abuse, or ischemic heart disease.

scholarly journals Similarities and Differences in Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Cerebral and Myocardial Ischemic Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (s1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Angelina Stevanovic ◽  
Danijela Tasic ◽  
Nebojsa Tasic ◽  
Dalibor Dragisic ◽  
Miroslav Mitrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
History Of

Abstract Ischemic heart disease and cerebral ischemia represent the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Both entities share risk factors, pathophisiology and etiologic aspects by means of a main common mechanism, atherosclerosis. The autors aimed to investigate differences and similarities in epidemiology and risk factors that could be found between both entities. In a retrospective sudy 403 patients were included and divided into two groups: group of 289 patients with history of myocardial infarction (AMI), and group of 114 patients with history of ischemic stroke (IS). All patients were evaluated for nonmodifiable risk faktors, which included age and sex, and modifiable, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, physical activity and smoking. Diff erences in some epidemiological aspects were also considered: occupation, marital status, alcohol consumption, exposure to stress. Patients with history of IS were significantly older then AMI patients (64.0 ± 9.9 vs 64.0 ± 9.9, p=0,028), with higher diastolic blood pressure (87,1 ± 10,2 vs 83,6 ± 10,4, p=0,003) and higher Sokolow-Lyon index in ECG, an also index of left ventricular hypertrophy (19,2 ± 9,1 vs 14,7 ± 6,5). Th ere were no significant differences between groups in the estimated body mass index and waist circumference. Differences between groups in stress exposure, occupation, alcohol consumption or physical activity were no significant. Patients in AMI group were more frequently male (199 (69%) vs 59 (52%), p=0,001), married (252 (87%) vs 88 (77%), p=0,037), smokers (162 (56%) vs 50 (44%), p=0,018) and with higher incidence od dyslipidemia (217 (75%) vs 73 (64%), p=0,019) compared with IS group. Incidence of arterial hypertension and diabetes was similar in both groups. Both entities share similar pathophysiological mechanisms and, consequently, main traditional risk factors. However, incidence of myocardial infarction increases with male sex, dyslipidemia, smoking and marital status, while incidense of ischemic stroke increases with age, higher diastolic blood pressure and also with ECG signs of left ventricular hypertrophy.

Protective Factors and Suicidality in Members of Arab Kindred

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Hamdan ◽  
Nadine Melhem ◽  
Israel Orbach ◽  
Ilana Farbstein ◽  
Mohammad El-Haib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Arab Population ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
History Of

Background: Relatively little is known about the role of protective factors in an Arab population in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Aims: To examine the role of protective factors in a subsample of in large Arab Kindred participants in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Methods: We assessed protective and risk factors in a sample of 64 participants (16 suicidal and 48 nonsuicidal) between 15 and 55 years of age, using a comprehensive structured psychiatric interview, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), self-reported depression, anxiety, hopelessness, impulsivity, hostility, and suicidal behavior in first-degree and second-relatives. We also used the Religiosity Questionnaire and suicide attitude (SUIATT) and multidimensional perceived support scale. Results: Suicidal as opposed to nonsuicidal participants were more likely to have a lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD) (68.8% vs. 22.9% χ2 = 11.17, p = .001), an anxiety disorder (87.5% vs. 22.9, χ2 = 21.02, p < .001), or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (25% vs. 0.0%, Fisher’s, p = .003). Individuals who are otherwise at high risk for suicidality have a much lower risk when they experience higher perceived social support (3.31 ± 1.36 vs. 4.96 ± 1.40, t = 4.10, df = 62, p < .001), and they have the view that suicide is somehow unacceptable (1.83 ± .10 vs. 1.89 ± .07, t = 2.76, df = 60, p = .008). Conclusions: Taken together with other studies, these data suggest that the augmentation of protective factors could play a very important role in the prevention of incidental and recurrent suicidal behavior in Arab populations, where suicidal behavior in increasing rapidly.

The Role of HbA1c on Mortality in Patients with Medical History of Ischemic Stroke and Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2406-PUB
Author(s):  
KONSTANTINA KANELLOPOULOU ◽  
IOANNIS L. MATSOUKIS ◽  
ASIMINA GANOTOPOULOU ◽  
THEODORA ATHANASOPOULOU ◽  
CHRYSOULA TRIANTAFILLOPOULOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
History Of

Stress, Cortisol and Suicide Risk

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl Brian O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hpa Axis Activity ◽  
The Impact

Suicide is a global health issue accounting for at least 800,000 deaths per annum. Numerous models have been proposed that differ in their emphasis on the role of psychological, social, psychiatric and neurobiological factors in explaining suicide risk. Central to many models is a stress-diathesis component which states that suicidal behavior is the result of an interaction between acutely stressful events and a susceptibility to suicidal behavior (a diathesis). This article presents an overview of studies that demonstrate that stress and dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, as measured by cortisol levels, are important additional risk factors for suicide. Evidence for other putative stress-related suicide risk factors including childhood trauma, impaired executive function, impulsivity and disrupted sleep are considered together with the impact of family history of suicide, perinatal and epigenetic influences on suicide risk.

The physiopathology of spontaneous hemorrhagic stroke: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alcivan Batista de Morais Filho ◽  
Thiago Luis de Holanda Rego ◽  
Letícia de Lima Mendonça ◽  
Sulyanne Saraiva de Almeida ◽  
Mariana Lima da Nóbrega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Road ◽  
History Of

Abstract Hemorrhagic stroke (HS) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, despite being less common, it presents more aggressively and leads to more severe sequelae than ischemic stroke. There are two types of HS: Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH), differing not only in the site of bleeding, but also in the mechanisms responsible for acute and subacute symptoms. This is a systematic review of databases in search of works of the last five years relating to the comprehension of both kinds of HS. Sixty two articles composed the direct findings of the recent literature and were further characterized to construct the pathophysiology in the order of events. The road to the understanding of the spontaneous HS pathophysiology is far from complete. Our findings show specific and individual results relating to the natural history of the disease of ICH and SAH, presenting common and different risk factors, distinct and similar clinical manifestations at onset or later days to weeks, and possible complications for both.

scholarly journals Patients with SLE have higher risk of cardiovascular events and mortality in comparison with controls with the same levels of traditional risk factors and intima-media measures, which is related to accumulated disease damage and antiphospholipid syndrome: a case–control study over 10 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000454
Author(s):  
Sofia Ajeganova ◽  
Ingiäld Hafström ◽  
Johan Frostegård
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Index Score ◽  
Baseline Body Mass Index ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveSLE is a strong risk factor for premature cardiovascular (CV) disease and mortality. We investigated which factors could explain poor prognosis in SLE compared with controls.MethodsPatients with SLE and population controls without history of clinical CV events who performed carotid ultrasound examination were recruited for this study. The outcome was incident CV event and death. Event-free survival rates were compared using Kaplan-Meier curves. Relative HR (95% CI) was used to estimate risk of outcome.ResultsPatients (n=99, 87% female), aged 47 (13) years and with a disease duration of 12 (9) years, had mild disease at inclusion, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Diseases Activity Index score of 3 (1–6) and Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) Damage Index score of 0 (0–1). The controls (n=109, 91% female) were 49 (12) years old. Baseline carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) did not differ between the groups, but plaques were more prevalent in patients (p=0.068). During 10.1 (9.8-10.2) years, 12 patients and 4 controls reached the outcome (p=0.022). Compared with the controls, the risk of the adverse outcome in patients increased threefold to fourfold taking into account age, gender, history of smoking and diabetes, family history of CV, baseline body mass index, waist circumference, C reactive protein, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, dyslipidaemia, cIMT and presence of carotid plaque. In patients, higher SLICC score and SLE-antiphospholipid syndrome (SLE-APS) were associated with increased risk of the adverse outcome, with respective HRs of 1.66 (95% CI 1.20 to 2.28) and 9.08 (95% CI 2.71 to 30.5), as was cIMT with an HR of 1.006 (95% CI 1.002 to 1.01). The combination of SLICC and SLE-APS with cIMT significantly improved prediction of the adverse outcome (p<0.001).ConclusionIn patients with mild SLE of more than 10 years duration, there is a threefold to fourfold increased risk of CV events and death compared with persons who do not have SLE with similar pattern of traditional CV risk factors, cIMT and presence of carotid plaque. SLICC, SLE-APS and subclinical atherosclerosis may indicate a group at risk of worse outcome in SLE.

scholarly journals Modifiable and Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for Atherothrombotic Ischemic Stroke among Subjects in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1952
Author(s):  
Anna Johansson ◽  
Isabel Drake ◽  
Gunnar Engström ◽  
Stefan Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Family History ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diet And Cancer

Risk factors for ischemic stroke is suggested to differ by etiologic subtypes. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors and atherothrombotic stroke (i.e., excluding cardioembolic stroke), and to examine if the potential benefit of modifiable lifestyle factors differs among subjects with and without predisposing comorbidities. After a median follow-up of 21.2 years, 2339 individuals were diagnosed with atherothrombotic stroke out of 26,547 study participants from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study. Using multivariable Cox regression, we examined non-modifiable (demographics and family history of stroke), semi-modifiable comorbidities (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic disease), and modifiable (smoking, body mass index, diet quality, physical activity, and alcohol intake) risk factors in relation to atherothrombotic stroke. Higher age, male gender, family history of stroke, and low educational level increased the risk of atherothrombotic stroke as did predisposing comorbidities. Non-smoking (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56–0.68), high diet quality (HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.72–0.97) and high leisure-time physical activity (HR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.80–0.98) decreased the risk of atherothrombotic ischemic stroke independent of established risk factors, with non-significant associations with body mass index and alcohol intake. The effect of the lifestyle factors was independent of predisposing comorbidities at baseline. The adverse effects of several cardiovascular risk factors were confirmed in this study of atherothrombotic stroke. Smoking cessation, improving diet quality and increasing physical activity level is likely to lower risk of atherothrombotic stroke in the general population as well as in patient groups at high risk.

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