scholarly journals The Political Economy of the Middle-Income Trap: Implications for Potential Growth

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yikai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Policy Maker ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
The Political ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Aid Programs ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

Why do some middle-income economies implement policies to achieve sustainable growth driven by innovation, while others fail to do so? In this paper, I propose a politico-economic explanation: innovation leads to the creative destruction of existing technology that can harm the interests of the pivotal policy maker. Therefore, the pivotal policy maker may implement policies that prevent innovation and harm potential growth in order to protect its own interests. Political institutions, which are endogenously determined by fundamentals of the economy such as state capacity, shape policy maker decisions. This paper studies the relationship between growth, policies, institutions, and fundamentals. Understanding the relationship allows for the design of more efficient aid programs to help the growth of middle-income economies, especially in the long run.

Institutional Favoritism, Income, and Political Trust: Evidence from Jordan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Shamaileh ◽  
Yousra Chaábane
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Origin ◽  
The Political ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Economic Well Being

What is the relationship between institutional favoritism, economic well-being, and political trust? Due to the role that East Bank tribes played in supporting the monarchy during the state’s formative years, Jordan has institutionalized a type of political discrimination that privileges East Bank Jordanians over Palestinian Jordanians. An empirical examination of the political institutions of the state reveals that such discrimination remains pervasive. It was subsequently theorized that institutional favoritism’s impact on political trust is conditional on income due to the greater salience of group identity among individuals with lower incomes. Regression analyses of survey data reveal a consistent negative correlation between political trust and income among East Bank Jordanians. There is little evidence of a substantively meaningful unconditional relationship between national origin and political trust.

scholarly journals Local industrial strategy and skills policy in England: Assessing the linkages and limitations – a case study of the Sheffield City Deal

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 857-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Sissons ◽  
Katy Jones
Keyword(s):  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Local Growth ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Economic Development Policy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

This paper examines changes in local economic development policy which occurred between 2010 and 2015, with a focus on the relationship between industrial strategy and skills policy. Under the Coalition Government, Local Enterprise Partnerships were established and tasked with facilitating local growth, and to do so many identified a set of (potential) growth sectors for industrial strategy to support. These sectors tended to be drawn from a relatively narrow range of industries which therefore often excluded a large proportion of the local economy. An important focus of the support for growth sectors for many has been through an ambition to influence the local skills system. Skills policy more broadly has been an important dimension of devolution, and a number of City Deals have included elements of skills policy. Echoing previous national policy however, the focus of local concerns with skills under devolution has been framed largely with reference to skills gaps and shortages. While specific skills gaps and shortages can be identified, this paper questions whether this default position is reflected widely, and as such, if a narrow focus on skills supply is a sufficient approach. It is argued that to support local growth across a broad base, greater attention needs to be paid to stimulating employer demand for skills through better integrating industrial and innovation policy with skills policymaking across a wider section of the local economy. To support these arguments we present a case study of the Sheffield City Deal.

scholarly journals Relationship Marketing: A competitive Marketing StrategyIt’s Importance, Nature and Need: A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-452
Author(s):  
Jiwan Jyoti
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Marketing ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
New Economic Policy ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Strategic Competition ◽  
Loyal Customer ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

In today‟s intense competition, it is very important for any business organization to keep their customers otherwise the competitors will attract them as business is all about creating customer, satisfying a customer and retaining a customer. Increasing inflation rate, increasing rate of interests, hike in fuel prices, global slowdown in economic growth are a few reasons of worry for the companies to think differently to maintain their sales and profit. The business organizations are struggling for their survival and sustainable growth. On the other hand, the new economic policy of India has also opened its trade for the multinationalcompanies. Therefore companies are trying to do something by which they can keep their customers and it is the Relationship Marketing which helps the companies to do so. It is an important tool for strategic competition management. As it is well known fact that a satisfied and loyal customer brings three new customers, therefore companies try all their efforts to maintain good relations with its customers. They are providing value for their money & efforts, they areproviding information about their actions, they are inviting them for feedback etc.

Political Ideology and the Law Review Selection Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-240
Author(s):  
Adam Chilton ◽  
Jonathan Masur ◽  
Kyle Rozema
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Share Of Articles ◽  
Do So

Abstract We investigate the role that political ideology plays in the selection process for articles in law reviews. To do so, we match data on the political ideology of student editors from 15 top law reviews from 1990 to 2005 to data on the political ideology of the authors of accepted articles. We find that law reviews with a higher share of conservative editors accept a higher share of articles written by conservative authors. We then investigate potential explanations for this pattern. One possibility is that editors have a preference for publishing articles written by authors that share their ideology. Another possibility is that editors are objectively better at assessing the contribution of articles written by authors that share their ideology. We find evidence that the latter explanation drives the relationship between editor and author ideology.

scholarly journals Kelembagaan Politik Islam: Konsep Konstitusi, Legislasi, Demokrasi, Ummah Dan Syura’

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
Kun Budianto
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The People ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rules Of The Game ◽  
Made In

Islam is a religion perfect and comprehensive, it should have a major role in the political life of a country. To go toward the integration of society, the state and the Islamic ijtihad is needed that will provide guidance for parliamentarians or politicians in explaining hujahnya in politics. And the interaction of Muslims living in the modern world with the political will give new experiences and challenges towards a just and prosperous society. A clean and healthy politics will increase public confidence, especially in Indonesia that Islam is indeed manage all aspects from the economic, social, military, cultural to political. Political institutions in Islam, among others, consists of the concepts of the constitution, legislation, shura and democracy and also the ummah. Islam made ​​in the constitution is in order as the guidelines and rules of the game in the relationship between government and the people. Legislation created to deal with affairs of state and government set a law that will be enforced and implemented by people. While the shura and democracy are two interrelated things, shura is in deliberation and democracy also emphasizes the element of deliberation. And the ummah or community can be defined nation, people, people, communities and so on. It could be said that the people of an organization are bound by the rules of Islam.

scholarly journals Historical Policy in the context of Transformations of the National security Concepts in Belarus and Russia: theoretical foundations

2021 ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
A.A. Mushta ◽  
◽  
T.V. Rastimehina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The interrelated concepts of historical policy and memory policy are considered. The foundations of the relationship between the security policy of the individual, society and the state and the policy of memory are traced. The author notes the peculiarity of modern Russian and Belarusian historical politics, which is associated with the use of historical memory as a source of legitimacy of political institutions. The author shows the prerequisites for the securitization of historical and memory policy in the context of increasing risks and threats of an external nature and internal destabilization in relation to the political systems of Belarus and Russia.

Linkages between Financial Development and Economic Growth in the Middle-Income Countries of South Asia: A Panel Data Investigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Sharma ◽  
Pradeep Kautish
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

The present study intends to investigate the impact of financial sector development on GDP growth in the four middle-income countries of South Asia over the period of 1990–2016. Using pooled mean group (PMG) estimation, this study tries to examine whether in these developing countries, GDP growth has been influenced by size of market capitalization and size of market turnover in the long run which are used as proxy for stock market development. Similarly, domestic credit to private sector is used as proxy for banking sector development while assessing its long-run impact on GDP growth. Furthermore, by incorporating a dummy variable for the global financial crisis (2007–2008), this study investigates whether these economies are vulnerable to external shocks or not. The outcomes of this study find that relatively, the impact of banking sector on GDP growth has remained low in the region. Nevertheless, the development in both sectors has positively influenced economic growth in the long run. The outcomes of this study suggest that both, i.e. stock market and banking sector, are vital determinants of long-run economic growth in the South Asian countries. Therefore, to achieve the sustainable growth, policymakers need to adopt the global approach which can be ensured by improving the quality and scope of financial services in these countries.

Initial Conditions and State Political Competition

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Berkowitz ◽  
Karen B. Clay
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
The Political ◽  
Competition State ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Rivers And Lakes ◽  
Strong Positive Association ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter investigates the relationship between five initial conditions in states—temperature, precipitation, distance to oceans, distance to rivers and lakes, and colonial legal system—and long-run levels of state political competition. State political competition is measured by examining the division of seats in the legislature between the political parties, although a number of other measures of state political competition are also examined. This chapter sketches some relationships between initial conditions and state political competition. It emphasizes the importance of state political competition, because it is thought to lead to better economic and social outcomes. In fact, there is a strong positive association between the extent of political competition and outcomes.

Wie is de natie ? : Een analyse van de betekenis van taal en territorialiteit in België

Res Publica ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-78
Author(s):  
Anja Detant
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Reform ◽  
The Political ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Belgian Society ◽  
Political Identification ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Linguistic Divide ◽  
The Relationship

The institutional reform of the Belgian state seems to run parallel with a redefinition of the whole of Belgian society. 'Subnationalism' has overtaken the traditional ethno-linguistic definitions which used to provide a basis for political identification and mobilisation. The territorial demarcation of the regions and the politicisation of cultural life on both sides of the linguistic border constitute basic ingredientsfor 'nationbuilding'projects in Flanders and Wallonia. A number of elements are distinguished to explain why the 'nationalism' of the regions will have repercussions on the political developments in the capital area.  Language and territoriality have always played a special role in Brussels. Changes in connection with definitions of territoriality and identity now seem to create opportunities to redefine the relationship between the communities in Brussels. It is not inconceivable that, in the long run, the linguistic divide wilt fade out and wilt be replaced by an identification on the basis of a territorial criterion shared by all the Brussels' inhabitants.

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