Dobzhansky and Dreyfus’s Group: The Introduction of Natural Population Genetics Studies in Brazil (1943–1960)

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-276
Author(s):  
José Franco Monte Sião ◽  
Lilian Al-Chueyr Pereira Martins
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
The Third ◽  
Theodosius Dobzhansky ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Important Center ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Linguistics

An important center in which genetic research started and was carried out in Brazil during the 20th century was situated at the Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Linguistics of the University of São Paulo, led by André Dreyfus (1897–1952). Beginning in 1943, the Ukrainian geneticist Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900–1975) visited Dreyfus’s group four times. This paper evaluates the impact of Dobzhansky’s visits on the studies of genetics and evolution developed by the members of Dreyfus’s group during the 1940s and the 1950s. The study leads to the conclusion that Dobzhansky’s visits had an impact, not only in quantitative terms (the number of individual and joint publications), but also in qualitative terms. However, we also detect a decrease in the number of individual and joint publications related to the subject of the project during certain periods. The adoption of new experimental organisms by some members of the group; the involvement with subjects not related to the initial project, such as botany; Dobzhansky’s and his wife’s health problems during the third visit; and scientific disagreements between Dobzhansky and Brazilian researchers may have contributed to the decrease in publications.

scholarly journals Biological features of seeds of a wild-growing species of Poterium polygamum

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 97-99
Author(s):  
M. A. Starostina ◽  
N. G. Lapenko
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Grass Stand ◽  
The Subject

Relevance. Biological features (morphometric indicators, viability and germinating power) of Poterium polygamum seeds found in natural communites of the Stavropol Territory have been studied. The conservation of wild-growing plant species in the natural population and the rational use of their potential are relevant.Methods. Years of study — 2013–2021. The subject of the study is Poterium polygamum seeds. Seeds were collected in 2013. Studies were carried out according to the methods of studying seed material. Freshly harvested seeds and seeds of different shelf life were germinated in petri dishes at a temperature of 18–20 °C.Results. The collected seeds of Poterium polygamum are quite large. The length of the seeds is 4–5 mm, the width is about 2.5 mm. The mass of 1000 pieces of seeds on average was 10.59 grams. Complete absence of viability of freshly harvested Poterium polygamum seeds was revealed. After three months, seed viability was 97%. This is a shallow physiological rest associated with the post-harvest maturation period. During the storage of seeds, their high germination was established — from 70 to 100%. The duration of seed storage is 8 years. The largest number of germinated seeds and their germinating power were noted in the third year of their storage (100%). Seeds germinated on the third or fourth day. The differences between the viability of seeds and their germinating power are not great. In the eighth year of storage of Poterium polygamum seeds, viability and germinating power were slightly reduced. The storage period of seeds, in which they retain the ability to germinate and the germinating power, is long. It has been found that the wild species Poterium polygamum belongs to plants with a high (70 to 100%) viability. This species is regularly resumed in the natural population. The revealed biological features of Poterium polygamum seeds can become the scientific basis during the reconstruction of degraded natural grass stand and in selection work.

Project-based learning and information and communication technology’s integration: Impacts on motivation

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mammar Belagra ◽  
Belkacem Draoui
Keyword(s):  
Power Electronics ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Research Plan ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this research was to study the impact of project-based learning and information and communication technologies on students’ motivation. Two second-year classes in electrical engineering at the University Tahri Mohamed in Béchar, Algeria, were involved in the study. The experiment compared the level to which one class of students mastered goals without the use of information and communication technologies, to the mastery achieved by a second class which participated in a tutorial that has a technological tool built into the project-based approach. The subject of power electronics was chosen for this study because of its different knowledge, which is strongly represented in difficult learning contents for students. A questionnaire about motivation was used to collect data within an experimental research plan. After three months of conducting the study, the results demonstrated that the integration of the tutorial with the project-based approach is likely to increase students’ motivation to learn and to master the subject of power electronics.

Femme Fatale as Scapegoat: the Modernity of Aimée Desclée

1990 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. 365-378
Author(s):  
John Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Third Republic ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Femme Fatale ◽  
Paris Commune ◽  
Female Desire ◽  
New Realism ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

A scandalously successful life as an actress and a tragically early death seemed to cast Aimée Desclée in a stereotypical romantic mould, as did a succession of emotionally-fraught roles, notably in the plays of the younger Dumas. But contemporaries praised the new realism she brought to the passionately wayward women she portrayed. In what did this ‘realism’ consist, and in whose eyes did the virtual equation of female desire with neurosis constitute ‘reality’? John Stokes, who teaches in the Department of English in the University of Warwick, here follows an outline of her career and its context with detailed examinations of the creation, nature, and reception of her most famous roles – finally exploring the effects of the events surrounding the creation of the Third Republic and the impact of the Paris Commune of 1870 on the way in which male playwrights and audiences perceived the women she played in her later years. John Stokes recently contributed the section on Bernhardt to Bernhardt. Terry. Duse: the Actress in her Time, with Michael Booth and Susan Bassnett (Cambridge, 1988).

scholarly journals O impacto da universidade pública no desenvolvimento regional sob a luz da literatura internacional / The Impact of the public university in regional development from the perspective of international literature

Redes ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Débora Nayar Hoff ◽  
Camila Amaral Pereira ◽  
Luis Gustavo Nascimento De Paula
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Public University ◽  
Business Community ◽  
International Literature ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
San Martín

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é rever, a partir de seu confronto com a discussão internacional sobre o assunto, o modelo analítico proposto por Hoff, San Martin e Sopeña (2011) para a análise do impacto das universidades públicas no desenvolvimento regional. O modelo, originalmente, foi desenvolvido a partir de referências nacionais para o tema. Para tanto, utiliza-se a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. O referencial teórico estudado demonstra que o modelo analítico estabelecido com referências nacionais mostra-se correspondente à discussão apresentada pela literatura internacional sobre o tema. Destaca-se, no entanto, que a literatura internacional apresenta enfoque direcionado às relações com o ambiente externo à universidade, principalmente com o meio empresarial, fato não tão presente na literatura nacional. Conclui-se que a literatura internacional ratifica o modelo proposto por Hoff, San Martin e Sopeña (2011). Abstract The purpose of this article is to review, from its confrontation with the international discussion, the analytical model proposed by Hoff, San Martin and Sopeña (2011) to analyze the impact of public universities in regional development. The model originally was developed from national reference to the subject. Therefore using the bibliographic and documentary research technique. The studied theoretical framework shows that the analytical model established with national references is shown corresponding to the discussion presented in the international literature on the subject. Noteworthy, however, that the present international literature focusing mainly on relations with the external environment to the university, especially with the business community, which was not so present in the national literature. We conclude that the international literature confirms the model proposed by Hoff, San Martin and Sopeña (2011).

scholarly journals O neoliberalismo no Ensino Superior: “sobrevivendo nas ruínas

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
André Dioney Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Public Institutions ◽  
University Education ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Enseñanza Superior ◽  
Neoliberal Ideology ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Muitos estudos já analisaram o impacto do neoliberalismo nos sistemas de ensino superior no Brasil e em outros países. O tema, contudo, continua atualíssimo, até mesmo porque uma das características mais marcantes do ideário neoliberal é sua capacidade, diante de injunções históricas, de adaptação. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar alguns debates teóricos sobre o neoliberalismo e analisar os principais estratagemas de interferência da dogmática neoliberal na organização das instituições públicas de ensino superior, reconhecendo que essa intervenção, à vista do que preveem os manuais neoliberalizantes, é uma obra ainda longe de estar completa e que tende, no atual contexto, a se aprofundar. Buscaremos, por fim, apontar algumas estratégias de confrontação cotidiana ao gerencialismo neoliberal no espaço universitário a partir de ações coletivas pautadas por um fazer pedagógico crítico e emancipador.Palavras-chave: Neoliberalismo. Ensino superior. Formas de resistência.Neoliberalism in University Education: “surviving in the ruins”ABSTRACTMany researches have already analyzed the impact of Neoliberalism in the university education apparatus in Brazil and many other countries. Nevertheless, the subject remains very current, because one of the most remarkable characteristics of the neoliberal ideology is its capacity of adaptation in face of historical impositions. Thus, this article aims to present some theoretical debates about Neoliberalism and to analyze the main stratagems of disruption used by the neoliberal dogma in the organization of public institutions of higher education. It acknowledges the fact that this intervention is a work in progress, far from being complete, and which tends to be enhanced in the current context, regarding what the neoliberalizing manuals envision. Finally, we intend to indicate some strategies of ordinary confrontation with the neoliberal managerialism in the academic environment, stemming from collective actions ruled by critical and emancipatory pedagogical practice.Keywords: Neoliberalism. University education. Forms of resistance.El neoliberalismo en la Educación Superior: “sobreviviendo en las ruinas”RESUMENMuchos estudios ya analizaron el impacto del neoliberalismo en los sistemas de enseñanza superior en Brasil y en otros países. El tema, sin embargo, sigue siendo actual, incluso porque una de las características del ideario neoliberal es su capacidad, ante las imposiciones históricas, de adaptación. Así, este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar algunos debates teóricos sobre el neoliberalismo y analizar los principales estratagemas de interferencia de la dogmática neoliberal en la organización de las instituciones públicas de enseñanza superior, reconociendo que esa intervención, a la vista de lo que prevean los manuales neoliberales, es una obra aún lejos de estar completa y que tiende, en el actual contexto, a profundizarse. Buscaremos, por fin, apuntar algunas estrategias de confrontación cotidiana al gerenciamiento neoliberal en el espacio universitario a partir de acciones colectivas pautadas por un hacer pedagógico crítico y emancipador.Palabras clave: Neoliberalismo. Enseñanza superior. Formas de resistencia.

scholarly journals Students with Learning Disabilities at University

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Zecchi
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
University Courses ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Educational Paths ◽  
Practical Experiences ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Specific Learning Disorders involve a plurality of functions that impact the decoding of the alphabetic code. They have an evolutionary character, that is, vary according to the age of the subject. The present work, connected to positive practical experiences, investigates the characteristics of DSAs in adulthood and the impact with university teaching. It presents the outcomes in progress of an interdisciplinary project (including pedagogical, medical and engineering area). Learning Disabilities (LD) disorder are relatively new for the education at the university level, and have therefore pushed teachers and researcher to define research projects, both scientific and pedagogic, aimed to suit the needs of LD students. In such perspective, due to the high variability of LD manifestations and degrees and also to the peculiar students’ features, a multidisciplinary approach and strategies are required to identify personalized educational paths for LD students while respecting, the specificity and the objectives of the different university courses. 

The Dewey School as Triumph, Tragedy, and Misunderstood: Exploring the Myths and Historiography of the University of Chicago Laboratory School

2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Thomas Fallace ◽  
Victoria Fantozzi
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Of Chicago ◽  
Laboratory School ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Background Context ◽  
Objective Research

Background/Context Over the last century, perhaps no school in American history has been studied more than John Dewey's Laboratory School at the University of Chicago (1896–1904). Scholars have published dozens of articles, books, essays, and assessments of a school that existed for only seven and a half years. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study This article reviews the extensive firsthand accounts and historiography of the famed school. In the first section, the authors trace the published accounts of those who experienced the Dewey School firsthand between 1895 and 1904. In the second section, the authors review accounts of the school by contemporaries, reformers, and historians between 1904 and 2014, focusing on three historiographical areas: the events surrounding the closing of the school, the rationale underlying its curriculum, and the impact of the experiment on U.S. schools. In the third section, the authors argue that most accounts of the Dewey School convey one of three historiographical myths: the Dewey School as misunderstood; the Dewey School as triumph, and/or the Dewey School as tragedy. Research Design A historiographical essay is a narrative and analytical account of what has been written on a particular historical topic. Following this methodology, the authors are less concerned with establishing what happened at the Dewey School, than they were with how the school was analyzed and interpreted by contemporaries and historians over the past 120 years. Conclusions/Recommendations The authors analyze each myth to conclude that Dewey only subscribed to the myth of the Dewey School as misunderstood, while the other two were historiographical constructions created by Dewey's contemporaries and historians.

scholarly journals Understanding and Consideration of the Concept of Happiness, what Impact in Economic Thinking?

K@iros ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gil-Ian ROYANNEZ ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Efficiency Wage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Current State ◽  
Individual Productivity ◽  
Wage Theory ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Economic Thinking ◽  
The Impact

The questions addressed are : what do we know, in the current state of knowledge, happiness, and its importance for human development, global and individual ? Can you outline a general approach ? How this approach is essential to determine our goals, social and individual ? To answer these questions the methodology of this article consists, firstly, to present the main empirical results on the subject. Many databases have emerged : the NBB, the World Database of Happiness, IBM, HDI and many others. Investigations have provided the opportunity to work on large amounts of data on the level of happiness felt by the population, and its causes. They complement, but lead ultimately to results often close. The second part analyzes the relevance and limitations of these investigations, in order to more precisely the emergence of a definition of happiness and its components. The purpose of the third part is to define the economic significance of these results. Indeed, many economic theories are based on a vision of happiness underlying, whatsoever for example in the calculation of individual productivity (efficiency wage theory), or in determining the choice (bounded rationality)… We conclude this work by a simple model of the impact of happiness in our choices.

scholarly journals Opinions regarding skin ageing in the elderly inhabitants of Bialystok, Poland

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2028
Author(s):  
Mateusz Cybulski ◽  
Elzbieta Krajewska-Kulak
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Third Age ◽  
The Third ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Skin diseases constitute an essential health and aesthetic problem in the elderly. The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge of the elderly residents of public nursing homes and participants of the University of the Third Age in Bialystok, Poland surrounding the factors influencing skin ageing, the awareness of skin conditions in agening skin, and the impact of skin ageing on the volunteers. The study was performed from April to June 2015 in Bialystok, in two groups: among 100 public nursing home residents (PNH) and 100 members of University of the Third Age (U3A), (all over 60 years old). The study made use of a diagnostic survey conducted via a questionnaire prepared by the authors. Nearly half of those surveyed (42.5%;n= 85) sunbathed in the past, while 28.0% (n= 56) of those surveyed now take part in this type of leisure activity. More than half of respondents (53.0%;n= 106) protected their skin using special protective preparations. A majority of Bialystok inhabitants surveyed (80.5%;n= 161) noticed the features of skin ageing. They reported birthmarks, fungal infections and bedsores as the main skin problems of the old age. Nearly half (40%) of respondents assessed their knowledge as average and 26.0% as poor. The study showed some statistical differences in the knowledge and awareness between the residents of public nursing homes and the students of the University of the Third Age, e.g., the use of the Internet by the U3A group for finding out information. There is a desire to receive education in the field of the agening skin conditions/diseases among the elderly because their level of knowledge is relatively poor. Education of seniors in this area can increase their awareness of the basic principles of skin care and prevention marking of skin ageing. The benefits of greater knowledge of seniors about the conditions of agening skin can help reduce the medical burden and reduce the incidence on certain skin diseases. Furthermore, there is a need for educating of the younger population on the factors of skin ageing to prevent certain skin conditions as they become older. Seniors should be professionally educated by qualified specialists; for example, dermatologists or cosmeticians, so that the information they receive is in line with evidence-based medicine.

scholarly journals Linguophilosophical Aspect of Communicative Influence: Theoretical Basis

wisdom ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Natalya KUTUZA ◽  
Inna Kravets
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Induction Method ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Single Complex ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Aspect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Associative Potential ◽  
Shed Light

The article deals with the phenomenon of communicative influence, where the main attention is paid to its theoretical consideration in linguistics and philosophy. The subject of the study was the theoretical basis of communicative influence. The purpose of the proposed article is to consider communicative influence in linguophilosophical aspect. A number of research methods have been used to achieve this goal: descriptive to shed light on the nature of communicative influence; specifics of the review of influence in philosophy and linguistics; a method of analysis and synthesis for the identification of the components of communicative influence and the combination of their single complex; modeling method for constructing the degree of suggestiveness expression; the induction method served to conclude the general conclusions. It is found that philosophers have focused their attention on the "magic" of the word when studying influence; close connection of spirit, soul with language, psychophysiological phenomena; inaccuracies and variability of interpretation of reality; language as activity, motives for action. In the linguistic aspect, in the light of new and emerging disciplines, attention is focused on the variability, imagery, associative potential of lexemes and linguistic complexes, which is a suggestogenic potential, which is analyzed at all linguistic levels. It is emphasized that language is generally a suggestive phenomenon. The authors propose to consider the impact actualizers (suggestems / suggestogens) according to the degree of suggestiveness manifestation, where implementation at two language levels is poor actualization, at three - moderate, more than three - strong.

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