scholarly journals Plant Hardiness Zone Map in Korea and an Analysis of the Distribution of Evergreen Trees in Zone 7b

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-527
Author(s):  
Jung Nam Suh ◽  
Yun-Im Kang ◽  
Youn Jung Choi ◽  
Kyung Hye Seo ◽  
Yong Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Temperature Fluctuation ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Meteorological Observation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Extreme Minimum Temperature ◽  
Data Portal ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Plant Hardiness

Background and objective: This study was conducted to establish a Plant Hardiness Zone (PHZ) map, investigate the effect of global warming on changes in PHZ, and elucidate the difference in the distribution of evergreen trees between the central and southern region within hardiness Zone 7b in Korea. Methods: Mean annual extreme minimum temperature (EMT) and related temperature fluctuation data for 40 years (1981 to 2020) in each of the meteorological observation points were extracted from the Open MET Data Portal of the Korea Meteorological Administration. Using EMT data from 60 meteorological observation points, PHZs were classified according to temperature range in the USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map. Changes in PHZs for each decade related to the effects of global warming were analyzed. Temperature fluctuation before and after the day of EMT were analyzed for 4 areas of Seoul, Suwon, Suncheon, and Jinju falling under Zone 7b. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics and ANOVA were performed using the IBM SPSS 22 Statistics software package. Results: Plant hardiness zones in Korea ranged from 6a to 9b. Over four decades, changes to warmer PHZ occurred in 10 areas, especially in colder ones. Based on the analysis of daily temperature fluctuation, the duration of sub-zero temperatures was at least 2 days in Seoul and Suwon, while daily maximum temperatures were above zero in Suncheon and Jinju before and after EMT day. Conclusion: It was found that the duration of sub-zero temperatures in a given area is an important factor affecting the distribution of evergreen trees in PHZ 7b.

scholarly journals A Heat Unit Accumulation Method for Predicting Cucumber Harvest Date

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine B. Perry ◽  
Todd C. Wehner
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Accumulation Method

The use of a previously developed model for predicting harvest date in cucumber production systems is described. In previous research we developed a new method using daily maximum temperatures in heat units to predict cucumber harvest dates. This method sums, from planting to harvest, the daily maximum minus a base temperature of 60F (15.5 C), but if the maximum is >90F (32C) it is replaced by 90F minus the difference between the maximum and 90F. This method was more accurate than counting days to harvest in predicting cucumber harvest in North Carolina, even when harvest was predicted using 5 years of experience for a particular location and planting date.

scholarly journals Predicting white spruce cone crops in the boreal forests of southern and central Yukon

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Krebs ◽  
M. O’Donoghue ◽  
Shawn Taylor ◽  
A.J. Kenney ◽  
E.J. Hofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Regional Synchrony

White spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) cone crops were measured at five regional centers in southern and central Yukon for 30 years at one site from 1986 to 2015 and at four other sites during 9 to 11 years to select the best climatic model that uses cues from growing season temperature and rainfall to predict the size of cone crops. We evaluated six climatic models that use summer temperature and rainfall of years t – 1 and t – 2 to predict cone crops in year t. July temperatures provided the best predictors of white spruce cone crops, and no rainfall variable was related to the size of cone crops. We explored three variants of July temperatures: mean temperature, degree-days > 5 °C, and maximum temperatures. For each of these, we used the ΔT model that uses the difference in the July temperature measures of years t – 1 and t – 2. We compared the resulting six models with corrected Akaike’s information criterion (AICc) to determine their relative predictive performance. The best model combined ΔT measures of degree-days > 5 °C and the four highest daily maximum July temperatures with R2 = 0.65. By comparison, the ΔT model involving only mean July temperatures was less successful (R2 = 0.49). There was good regional synchrony (rp = 0.7 to 0.8) in high cone crops over southern and central Yukon during 1986 to 2015.

scholarly journals Rowcovers Improve Winter Survival and Production of Western Trailing ‘Siskiyou’ Blackberry in the Eastern United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiomi Takeda ◽  
Kathy Demchak ◽  
Michele R. Warmund ◽  
David T. Handley ◽  
Rebecca Grube ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Plant Hardiness

Winter injury has limited the expansion of commercial blackberry (Genus Rubus, subgenus Rubus) production into more northern latitudes in central and eastern United States. Rowcover (RC) was applied over trailing ‘Boysenberry’ and ‘Siskiyou’ and erect, thornless ‘Triple Crown’ and ‘Apache’ blackberries at Kearneysville, WV (lat. 39.5°N, USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 6b) from 2004 to 2007. The daily minimum temperatures under RC were as much as 5 °F to 10 °F higher at nights after sunny days, but were similar during nights after overcast days. On sunny days, daily maximum temperatures under RC were as much as 28 °F higher than in the open. Under RC, humidity rose more quickly and remained higher during the day than in the open, but was slightly lower at night. Mean vapor pressure deficit in late December, January, February, and early March was 100 to 250 kPa higher under RC than in the open. RC treatment significantly reduced winter injury and increased yield in ‘Siskiyou’ blackberry plants. The winter protection techniques described here would provide substantial benefits for growing blackberries in more northern areas where winter injury frequently causes crop failure.

scholarly journals Storylines of the 2018 Northern Hemisphere heatwave at pre-industrial and higher global warming levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-873
Author(s):  
Kathrin Wehrli ◽  
Mathias Hauser ◽  
Sonia I. Seneviratne
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
System Model ◽  
Boreal Summer ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Anomalous Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

Abstract. Extreme temperatures were experienced over a large part of the Northern Hemisphere during the 2018 boreal summer (hereafter referred to as “NH2018 event”), leading to major impacts on agriculture and society in the affected countries. Previous studies highlighted both the anomalous atmospheric circulation patterns during the event and the background warming due to human greenhouse gas emissions as main drivers of the event. In this study, we present Earth system model experiments investigating different storylines of the NH2018 event given the same atmospheric circulation and alternative background global warming for no human imprint, the 2018 conditions, and different mean global warming levels 1.5, 2, 3 and 4 ∘C. The results reveal that the human-induced background warming was a strong contributor to the intensity of the NH2018 event, and that resulting extremes under similar atmospheric circulation conditions at higher levels of global warming would reach dangerous levels. Compared to 9 % during the NH2018 event, about 13 % (34 %) of the inhabited or agricultural area in the investigated region would reach daily maximum temperatures over 40 ∘C under 2 ∘C (4 ∘C) of global warming and similar atmospheric circulation conditions.

scholarly journals Overestimation of heat tolerance calls for health promotion to limit occupational heat risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

Abstract Background Global warming is accelerating. One degree C warming across Australia has generated a six-fold increase in heat extremes, as days above 35oC (and upwards of 45oC) are increasingly common. Many industries require staff to engage in outdoor work, often involving high levels of physical intensity. Compliance with occupational heat guidelines is reportedly low. Adoption of health protective strategies requires accurate risk perception. Australian heat exposed workers report discomfort when working in hot weather, yet little is known about their personal risk assessment. Methods Heat exposed outdoor workers across Australia (n = 112) completed pre-study surveys about their personal heat tolerance and completed daily heat diaries (n = 3421) to record their thermal comfort, heat symptoms and productivity, whilst on-site maximum temperatures and humidity were monitored. Results Daily maximum temperatures ranged from 18-43oC, and WBGT levels in parts of Australia exceed hazardous levels most days throughout summer. Significant overestimation of thermal tolerance was reported, as “feeling too hot to keep working” and emergence of symptoms occurred up to ten degrees lower than expected. Conclusions Heat exposed workers consistently over-estimate their thermotolerance and capacity to perform physically intensive work. Increasing frequency and intensity of heat waves escalates future risks of health harm and deaths among heat exposed workers. Health protection necessitates active health education/ health promotion campaigns to better align perceived and actual health risks. Main messages: Global warming presents intensifying health and productivity threats. Widespread lack of recognition of personal health threats suggests a critical need for heath education/promotion to increase heat guideline compliance Key messages Increasing frequency and intensity of heat waves from climate change escalates future risks of health harm and deaths among heat exposed workers who over-estimate their thermotolerance. Widespread lack of recognition of personal heat exposure threats suggests a critical need for health education/promotion to increase heat guidelines compliance.

scholarly journals Connection of fertilization conditions of sour cherry and meteorological parameters

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lakatos ◽  
T. Szabó ◽  
M. Soltész ◽  
Z. Szabó ◽  
M. C. Dussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Development Duration ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

Our analyses showed that the degree of free fertilization is mostly influenced by maximum temperature and sunshine duration.We found that free fertilization ratio increases with higher daily maximum temperatures; similar results characterise sunshine duration as well, namely we observed higher free fertilization ratio at higher sunshine duration values. Total amount of precipitation during the period between blossoming and maturity and the difference between the average daytime and night temperatures have an important role in the tendency of maturity time. Photosynthesis and respiration are essentially significant in the development of biological systems. These two processes are mostly regulated by the daytime and night temperatures. Therefore, it is not surprising that if the difference between daytime and night temperatures is large, it means intensive photosynthesis and a low degree of respiratory loss. Under these conditions intensive development and ripening can take place; however, in case of a low temperature difference intensive respiration slows down the process of development. Duration of ripening is also significantly influenced by the amount of precipitation of the period between blossoming and maturity.Abundant precipitation slows down the process of ripening, while dry weather accelerates it. Self-fertilization takes place in a space isolated from the environment. In spite of that, we found that effectiveness of self-pollination significantly depends on the meteorological conditions. Degree of self-fertilization is influenced directly by temperature and indirectly by other climatic parameters. We found a significant connection between the values of maximum and minimum temperatures during blossoming and the ratio of self-fertilization. Increase of maximum temperature reduces the effectiveness of self-pollination.A 1 °C increase of maximum temperature reduces self-fertilization ratio by 0,6%. In the case of minimum temperature we can state that the morning minimum temperature of 7,5–8,5°C is the most favourable. If minimum temperatures are under 4 °C or above 12 °C, self-fertilization ratio reduces to the quarter of the value characteristic at 8 °C. We believe that the effectiveness of self-fertilization can be improved considerably by the rational placement of isolator bags within the crown area, avoiding their placement to the external, western crown surface.

Tem analysis of multiple-energy arsenic implanted and Rta'd silicon

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 246-247
Author(s):  
R.A. Herring
Keyword(s):  
Device Fabrication ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Defect Clusters ◽  
High Fluences ◽  
Small Defect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Factor Type

Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) of ion-implanted Si is important for device fabrication. The defect structures of 2.5, 4.0, and 6.0 MeV As-implanted silicon irradiated to fluences of 2E14, 4E14, and 6E14, respectively, have been analyzed by electron diffraction both before and after RTA at 1100°C for 10 seconds. At such high fluences and energies the implanted As ions change the Si from crystalline to amorphous. Three distinct amorphous regions emerge due to the three implantation energies used (Fig. 1). The amorphous regions are separated from each other by crystalline Si (marked L1, L2, and L3 in Fig. 1) which contains a high concentration of small defect clusters. The small defect clusters were similar to what had been determined earlier as being amorphous zones since their contrast was principally of the structure-factor type that arises due to the difference in extinction distance between the matrix and damage regions.

Changes in Platelet Aggregability after Ovariectomy

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 1332-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroh Yamazaki ◽  
Takeshi Motomiya ◽  
Minoru Sonoda ◽  
Noboru Miyagawa
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Aggregability ◽  
Appearance Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Observation Period

SummaryChanges in platelets in 48 patients with uterine myoma before and after hysterectomy with and without ovariectomy were examined. Bilateral ovariectomy in 25 cases (ovariec-tomized group) and unilateral or non-ovariectomy in 23 cases (control group) were performed at the hysterectomy. Platelet count and an appearance rate of secondary aggregation decreased at one day after and increased at one week after the operation, similarly in both the ovariectomized and the control group. The appearance rate of secondary aggregation was reflected in an intensity of aggregation at 5 min after the addition of reagent to PRP. At one month after the operation, the appearance rate of secondary aggregation induced by 3 μM ADP showed a statistically significant decrease in comparison with the preoperation value (P <0.05) and the enhancement of 5-min aggregation was still observed in the control group, while ceased in the ovariectomized group. The difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05). There was almost no change in the speed and intensity of primary and secondary aggregation during the observation period. No significant differences in collagen-induced aggregation were noted between the two groups. The results suggest that ovarian hormones, mainly estrogen, facilitate platelet activation which is mediated by the so-called secondary aggregation.

PENGARUH TERAPI TERTAWA TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH LANSIA DI UPT PANTI WREDHA BUDHI DHARMA YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niken Setyaningrum ◽  
Andri Setyorini ◽  
Fachruddin Tri Fitrianta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Control Blood Pressure ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACTBackground: Hypertension is one of the most common diseases, because this disease is suffered byboth men and women, as well as adults and young people. Treatment of hypertension does not onlyrely on medications from the doctor or regulate diet alone, but it is also important to make our bodyalways relaxed. Laughter can help to control blood pressure by reducing endocrine stress andcreating a relaxed condition to deal with relaxation.Objective: The general objective of the study was to determine the effect of laughter therapy ondecreasing elderly blood pressure in UPT Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta.Methods: The design used in this study is a pre-experimental design study with one group pre-posttestresearch design where there is no control group (comparison). The population in this study wereelderly aged over> 60 years at 55 UPT Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta. The method oftaking in this study uses total sampling. The sample in this study were 55 elderly. Data analysis wasused to determine the difference in blood pressure before and after laughing therapy with a ratio datascale that was using Pairs T-TestResult: There is an effect of laughing therapy on blood pressure in the elderly at UPT Panti WredhaBudhi Dharma Yogyakarta marked with a significant value of 0.000 (P <0.05)

Klein with Lacan: A Study on the Reception of Lacanian Ideas in Uruguay and Its Effects on Clinical Practices (1955–82)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-361
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Grau-Pérez ◽  
J. Guillermo Milán
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Discursive Approach ◽  
The Way ◽  
Clinical Cases

In Uruguay, Lacanian ideas arrived in the 1960s, into a context of Kleinian hegemony. Adopting a discursive approach, this study researched the initial reception of these ideas and its effects on clinical practices. We gathered a corpus of discursive data from clinical cases and theoretical-doctrinal articles (from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s). In order to examine the effects of Lacanian ideas, we analysed the difference in the way of interpreting the clinical material before and after Lacan's reception. The results of this research illuminate some epistemological problems of psychoanalysis, especially the relationship between theory and clinical practice.

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