Opining Beauty Itself in Republic V

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Naomi Reshotko
Keyword(s):  
The Senses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second Degree

Abstract In consoling the lover of sights and sounds at Republic 475e4-479d5, Socrates describes a tripartite distinction among knowledge, doxa, and ignorance. Socrates claims that knowledge is ‘over’ (epi) what-is, doxa is over what is and is-not, and ignorance is over nothing at all. I argue that Plato shows that doxa and ignorance are also related to what-is. While knowledge, doxa, and ignorance interact with different first-degree objects, these three capacities have a common second-degree object: what-is. The fact that Socrates claims that doxa is inferior to knowledge, and ignorance is inferior to doxa, shows that these three capacities have a shared aspiration that doxa and ignorance each fail to fulfill in their own way. Following Plato’s analogy to the senses at 477c1-d1, I use an analogy to the senses to demonstrate Plato’s understanding of the relationship between doxa and what is.

Scalar properties of Japanese and English sense-based minimizers

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
Osamu Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Conventional Implicature ◽  
Personal Taste ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Scalar Properties ◽  
The Relationship

The Japanese minimizers kasukani ‘faintly’ and honokani ‘approx. faintly’ and the English minimizer faintly are similar to typical minimizers, such as the Japanese sukoshi ‘a bit’ and English a bit, in that they semantically represent a low degree. However, their meanings and distribution patterns are not the same. I argue that kasukani, honokani, and faintly are sense-based minimizers in that they not only semantically denote a small degree but also convey that thejudge (typically the speaker) measures degree based on his/her own sense ( the senses of sight, smell, taste, etc.) at the level of conventional implicature (CI) (e.g., Grice 1975; Potts 2005; McCready 2010; Gutzmann 2011). It will be shown that this characteristic restricts sense-based minimizers to occur only in a limited environment. This paper also shows that there are variations among the sense-based minimizers with regard to (i) the kind of sense, (ii) the presence/absence of evaluativity, and (iii) the possibility of a combination with an emotive predicate, and will explain them in the non-at-issue domain. In analyzing the meaning of sense-based minimizers, the relationship between a sense-based minimizer and a predicate of personal taste (e.g., Pearson 2013; Ninan 2014; Kennedy & Willer 2019; Willer & Kennedy 2019) will also be discussed.

KNOWING THE ARAB PATRIMONIAL CORPUSES’ INTRODUCTIONS BETWEEN TRANSLATION, CRITICISM, AND CREATIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-252
Author(s):  
Nedjela Nedjahi ◽  
Faiza Zitouni
Keyword(s):  
Phonetic Transcription ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Arab People ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Great Knowledge

The heritage corpuses’ introductions have a great importance, since their authors consider them as media for showing their trends and ideas and their sides of creativity, which are the knowledge certainties setting their method of writing with several characteristics including their objective and subjective content’s styles and the formal methodological scientific disciplines. If we come back to the Soulaiman Elboustani’s translation of Homer’s Iliad’s introduction, we find that it’s a stand-alone writing, which consists of 197 pages, in which the author addresses the criticism principles and the poetic recognising rules with deep analysis, definite accuracy, great knowledge, and addressing several topics of a great importance, after identifying the epics gender and determining whether it’s known for the Arab people or not, identifying the Homeric epic and commending it, as well as confirming its affiliation to Homer. In this research, We’ve addressed the issue of the senses’ phonetic transcription through what’s tackled by Elboustani in reviewing detailly the relationship between the line breaks, the objectives, and meanings. It was the issue addressed by numerous Arab and western researchers since antiquity.

scholarly journals Multiple Sclerosis and Diabetes Mellitus: Further Evidence of a Relationship

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Warren ◽  
K.G. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Second Degree

SUMMARY:One hundred multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were compared to healthy controls to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in their families. Significantly, more MS patients than controls were diabetic or reported at least one first degree relative (parent, sibling, child) with diabetes. The relationship between MS and diabetes persisted when second degree relatives (grandparents, aunts and uncles) were taken into consideration.A greater percentage of MS patients with another MS relative were diabetic or reported a first degree relative with diabetes mellitus than MS patients without an MS relative. However the difference was not statistically significant. Nor was there a significant difference when percentages reporting either a first or a second degree relative with diabetes were compared.

scholarly journals „Rozkosz dla zmysłów”, czyli język kart dań

LingVaria ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-234
Author(s):  
Lidia Przymuszała
Keyword(s):  
The Senses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Restaurant Owners ◽  
The Way

“Delight for the Senses” or the Language Used in Menus This article is about language used in menus. The recently changing approach to cooking and eating is also reflected in language that describes food. Restaurant menus are a clear example of this. It is because eating, i. e. experiencing the taste of dishes, does not only take using our tongue, but it also involves using language. Some restaurant owners are aware of the relationship between taste and word, which is reflected in the way some dishes are described in menu cards offered to customers. The purpose of the article is to analyse menus of selected restaurants and to show some linguistic tricks used by restaurant owners to encourage customers to eat in their restaurants.

Aimances in Rousseau: Julie or The New Heloise as Treatise on the Passions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Étienne Balibar
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Second Degree

This chapter looks at how writing and theory are superimposed in Rosseau's novel, Julie or the New Heloise. Drawing upon two of Paul de Man's readings of the novel in his Allegories of Reading, the chapter embarks on a discussion regarding passion, which is generally considered to hold the philosophical key to the novel, by deriving from two assertions. The first is that that “passion is not something which, like the senses, belongs in proper to an entity or a subject but, like music, it is a system of relationships that exists only in the terms of this system;” it is a relational notion. De Man's second assertion defines the literary category of allegory as a “narrative of the second degree,” which includes the deconstruction of its own immediate, apparently realistic signification.

Into the Ghost-land

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Guerrilla Warfare ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Main Study ◽  
Magical Thinking ◽  
The World ◽  
The Senses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Main Study Area

This chapter describes the arrival of the Great Arab Revolt Project (GARP) archaeologists at the derelict Hejaz Railway—GARP’s main study area—which snakes across the deserts and wadis of southern Jordan, from the medieval town of Ma’an to the Bedouin settlement of Mudawwara near the border with Saudi Arabia. There was an enchantment of the senses in finding traces of the world’s first global industrialized conflict alongside those of deep prehistory, churned together it seems by the advent of modern guerrilla warfare, where time is built into the relationship between metal and rust. The sand itself has been touched, blown, and sifted by history, from Nabatean spice traders to Hajj pilgrims, from Ottoman Turkish troops to the Bedouin. Each of these experienced the desert in their own way, and like others in distant parts of the world, brought their own magical thinking to bear on their surroundings. Indeed, the empty desert is anything but, and the ruins of the Arab Revolt emerge from it as a unique heritage of the modern world.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Hypertension and Cognitive Function Impairment in the Elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1440-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endy Juli Anto ◽  
Laura Oktavina Siagian ◽  
Jekson Martiar Siahaan ◽  
Hendrika Andriana Silitonga ◽  
Sony Eka Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Impaired Cognitive Function ◽  
Function Impairment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second Degree

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is still a health problem both in developed and developing countries. Hypertension can cause various complications; one of them is cognitive function impairment. AIM: This study aimed to look at the relationship of hypertension with cognitive function. This research can also be useful to help optimise the health of the elderly, maximise quality of life and avoid hypertension as a risk factor for cognitive impairment in the elderly at the Karya Kasih Nursing Homes, Medan from May to June 2018. METHODS: This research was carried out by analytic observational with cross-sectional research approach. In this study, 57 elderly from Karya Kasih Nursing Homes Medan who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria participated. Assessment of cognitive function used Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Six Item Cognitive Impairment Test (6CIT) and Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMT) instruments. RESULT: This study obtained a significant relationship between the history of hypertension with impaired cognitive function (p = 0.003). The results of the cognitive function examination with MMSE showed that among 57 elderly, 16 people (43.2%) were normal and 21 people (56.8%) had impaired cognitive function in the first degree hypertension group, besides that, 3 people were normal (15%) and 7 people (85%) had impaired cognitive function in the second degree hypertension group (p = 0.031). Based on the result of mild and severe cognitive function impairment, among 12 people (57.1%) and 9 people (42.9%) had a mild and severe cognitive function impairment, respectively, in first-degree hypertension. 3 people (17.6%) and 14 people (82.4%) had a mild and severe cognitive function impairment, respectively, in the second-degree hypertension (p = 0.013). The 6-CIT instrument also showed a significant relationship between the severity of hypertension and impaired cognitive function (p = 0.027), and there was no significant relationship with AMT instruments (p = 0.078). CONCLUSION: There was a relationship between the history or duration and degree of hypertension with cognitive dysfunction in the elderly at the Karya Kasih Nursing Home Medan.

scholarly journals Which words are most iconic?

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bodo Winter ◽  
Marcus Perlman ◽  
Lynn K. Perry ◽  
Gary Lupyan
Keyword(s):  
Native Speaker ◽  
Statistical Regularity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Spoken Words ◽  
The Senses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Taste And Smell ◽  
Shed Light

Some spoken words are iconic, exhibiting a resemblance between form and meaning. We used native speaker ratings to assess the iconicity of 3001 English words, analyzing their iconicity in relation to part-of-speech differences and differences between the sensory domain they relate to (sight, sound, touch, taste and smell). First, we replicated previous findings showing that onomatopoeia and interjections were highest in iconicity, followed by verbs and adjectives, and then nouns and grammatical words. We further show that words with meanings related to the senses are more iconic than words with abstract meanings. Moreover, iconicity is not distributed equally across sensory modalities: Auditory and tactile words tend to be more iconic than words denoting concepts related to taste, smell and sight. Last, we examined the relationship between iconicity (resemblance between form and meaning) and systematicity (statistical regularity between form and meaning). We find that iconicity in English words is more strongly related to sensory meanings than systematicity. Altogether, our results shed light on the extent and distribution of iconicity in modern English.

Relationship to the Bereaved and Perceptions of Severity of Trauma Differentiate Elements of Posttraumatic Growth

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanne Armstrong ◽  
Jane Shakespeare-Finch
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Loved One ◽  
General Trauma ◽  
Growth Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second Degree

The field of bereavement and grief has been expanding to recognise the potential for growth following the loss of a loved one. This study sought to examine the effect of the relationship to the deceased and perceptions of the severity of the trauma on dimensions of posttraumatic growth. Participants were 146 people who had lost either: a) a first degree relative, b) a second degree relative, or c) a non-related friend. Results demonstrated that both severity and the relationship to the bereaved differentiate posttraumatic growth outcomes. For example, participants who had lost a first degree relative reported higher levels of growth than those who had lost a second degree relative. Consistent with previous research in general trauma populations, the more severe the loss was rated, the higher the levels of growth. Implications for practice are discussed.

The Relation between Jeremy Bentham's Psychological, and his Ethical, Hedonism

Utilitas ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. S. Sprigge
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
The State ◽  
The Senses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Psychological Hedonism

The relationship between Bentham's ‘enunciative principle’ (that each person's sole ultimate motive is the maximization of their own happiness) and his ‘censorial principle’ (that it is the effects on the happiness of all affected which determines what they ought to do) is famously problematic. The problem's solution is that each person has an overwhelming interest in living in a community in which they, like others, are liable to punishment for behaviour condemned by the censorial principle (and in some cases rewarded for behaviour which it favours) either by the institutions of the state or by the tribunal of public opinion. The senses in which Bentham did and did not think everyone selfish are examined, and a less problematic form of psychological hedonism than Bentham's is proposed.

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