Cosmopolitan Humility and Local Self-Governance

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
Jaby Mathew
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Grassroots Level

Abstract Do local or grassroots level face-to-face self-governing communities have a place in theories of institutional cosmopolitanism? I pose this question in response to Luis Cabrera’s (2020) use of B. R. Ambedkar’s ideas to defend an instrumentally oriented democratic institutional cosmopolitanism that counters the arrogance objections raised against cosmopolitanism. Cabrera interprets Ambedkar as an exponent of political humility and having an instrumentalist approach to democracy. My response expands on a connection Cabrera briefly discusses – between humility and humiliation – and makes two observations. First, Ambedkar makes a distinction between institutions of democracy and democracy as a form of society. The latter is an end-in-itself synonymous with the practice of political humility. Second, Gandhi’s vision of self-governing village republics, which Ambedkar rejects, with universal franchise and guaranteed representation for marginalized groups that Ambedkar advocated at the national level could have been spaces for practicing political humility locally.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on health profession education in Singapore: Adoption of innovative strategies and contingencies across the educational continuum

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Claude Jeffrey Renaud ◽  
Zhi Xiong Chen ◽  
Heng-Wai Yuen ◽  
Lay Ling Tan ◽  
Terry Ling Te Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
National Level ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Asynchronous Learning ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Summative Assessments ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Learning Platforms

Introduction: The Coronavirus-19 pandemic has had profound effects on health professions education (HPE) posing serious challenges to the continued provision and implementation of undergraduate, postgraduate and continuing medical education (CME). Across these HPE domains, the major disruptions included the exclusion of undergraduate learners from clinical learning environments, restricted intra-, inter-institutional and overseas movement of medical professionals, termination of face-to-face learner-educator interactions, deployment of postgraduate learners into non-scope service settings, and CME postponement. Methods: In this review we report on how in Singapore various adaptive measures were instituted across the 3 HPE domains at institutional and national level to maintain adequate resources at the frontline to meet service exigencies, promote healthcare professionals’ wellbeing and safety as well as mitigate the spread of the pandemic. Results: We identified several strategies and contingencies developed to address these challenges. These involved the use of online learning platforms, distributed and asynchronous learning, an undergraduate Pathway Programme, and use of innovative hands-on technology like simulation. Robust, well pre-planned pandemic preparedness, effective communication, as well as provision of psychological support resources ensured maintenance of service and academic continuity, trust and resilience within HPE. However, several challenges remain, namely the timing and manner of conducting formative and summative assessments, cybersecurity, and the indispensable hands-on, in-person experiential learning for surgical training. Conclusion: Strong leadership with vision and planning, good communication, prioritising learners’ and educators’ wellbeing and safety, and harnessing existing and emerging online learning technologies are crucial elements for effective contingencies for HPE disruption during pandemics.

The assessment of the attitude of Sicilian consumers towards wild and farmed seafood products – a sample survey

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalinda Allegro ◽  
Antonino Calagna ◽  
Daniela Lo Monaco ◽  
Valentina Ciprì ◽  
Carmelo Bongiorno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Design ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
Seafood Products

PurposeThe purpose of the paper was to know and evaluate consumption, preferences and the knowledge of labelling legislation about wild and farmed seafood products.Design/methodology/approachA sample survey on Sicilian families was conducted through a direct interviews between October 2015 and October 2016 to study the attitudes of Sicilian consumers towards wild and farmed fish and seafood products. A stratified two-stage sampling design was chosen with variable probability of inclusion of the units of first stage and 1,700 subjects were interviewed.FindingsThe results obtained showed that the 69.4% of respondent ate fresh fish at least once a week and the 86% of respondents consumed aquaculture products at least once a month. Also, the 77.3% of respondents did not know the current legislation on the labelling. Multiple correspondence analysis allowed to identified three profiles of Sicilian families and binary logit model was used to examine the factors that influenced different frequency of fresh fish consumption in general and farmed seafood products in particular.Research limitations/implicationsExtending the research throughout the Italian territory would have allowed further comparisons at the national level.Practical implicationsThe research provides useful information on Sicilian consumers that could be used by policymakers and by marketing communications company.Social implicationsThis research, on a restricted group of European consumers (Sicilian), characterised by living in an island, reinforce the knowledge regarding seafood consumers.Originality/valueThis study used a probabilistic sampling design and a face-to-face questionnaire which produce results more robust in compare to surveys used more frequently such as non-probabilistic sampling design.

Participatory Poverty Assessment Effort in Food Security and Extension Policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 481-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Rusliyadi ◽  
Azaharaini Bin Hj. Mohd. Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
Poverty Assessment ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
The Impact

The impact study assessment aims to evaluate policies and monitor the achievement of targets and the results of a development program such as DMP. The output obtained is information that is an evaluation of how the policy was planned, initiated, and implemented. Participatory monitoring and evaluation analyze the outcome and impact of the DMP Program. PPA seeks to answer the question of whether or not the policy or program is working properly. A participatory approach may improve the outcomes in the form of a new policy model for the future. The output of the PPA process from this study is the agricultural policy formulated in terms of practical ways of approaching poverty problems from a local perspective. The success of alternative policy options applied by local government such as physical, human resources, and institution development at the grassroots level should be adopted at the national level. It should represent the best example of a case of successful program implementation at the grassroots level which can then be used in formulating national policies and strategies.

scholarly journals National clinical programmes in the Republic of Ireland: a qualitative study of acute hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-440
Author(s):  
Geraldine Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
National Level ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Acute Hospitals ◽  
The Republic

Background The national clinical programmes (NCPs) were established in 2010 to achieve three objectives, namely: improve quality, access and cost effectiveness. Limited research exists on their implementation in the Republic of Ireland (ROI). This qualitative study identified key stakeholders’ perceptions on (a) implementation thus far, and (b) conditions perceived necessary for implementation in acute hospitals. Aims The overall aim of this research was to undertake an in-depth study to explore from the perspectives of key stakeholders, their perceptions on implementation of the national clinical programmes, thus far, in relation to three overarching objectives (to improve quality, access, cost effectiveness) and what are the conditions necessary for their implementation in the Republic of Ireland's acute hospitals. Methods Twenty participants were interviewed using face-to-face audio-recorded semi-structured interviews. Transcribed data were coded and analysed, and a number of themes emerged from the dataset relating to the study aims. Results Implementation was perceived as being inconsistent. Outcomes were identified as: best practice guidelines, models of care, protocols, pathways; education & training; new services; improved discharges; improved patient outcomes; reduced length of stay; timely access; reduced waiting lists; cost effectiveness and other intangible outcomes. Sixteen conditions, under four themes, were perceived necessary for implementation, namely: Governance – structure, audit & monitoring, senior management support, accountability, and clear objectives and expectations; Communication – visible face-to-face engagement, internal awareness, and external awareness; Leadership – programme level, national level, hospital level, and professional level; Resources – budget, staff, information technology, training, skills, and competency. Conclusions This study adds to the existing limited body of knowledge on implementation of the NCPs in the acute hospitals in the ROI while contributing to the wider international literature in this area. The study provides hitherto unreported knowledge on the conditions that are perceived necessary for implementation. Novel in the ROI context is the perceived necessity to condense the number of NCPs, placing greater emphasis on (a) the need to structurally integrate the NCPs across the continuum of care, and (b) the importance of communication through visible face-to-face engagement. This study concludes that significant progress has been made by the NCPs towards meeting the objectives, albeit to varying degrees. There is a strong perception that the NCPs should remain, and that addressing the conditions perceived necessary for implementation in the areas of governance, communications, leadership and resources by both top-down senior health officials and bottom-up front-line hospital staff would significantly enhance the ability of the NCPs to meet objectives and implementation. It provides the ROI health services with valuable information to inform future reform, strategic planning and NCP implementation.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Sica
Keyword(s):  
Historical Sociology ◽  
General Level ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Face ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
Triangular Relationship ◽  
The Military ◽  
French Riviera

This book examines the Italian army’s occupation of the French Riviera during the period 1940–1943 at three different levels, each involving a triangular relationship. At a more general level, it analyzes the military occupation with the lens of historical sociology, making references to the triangular comparison of the Italian occupation of France to the German occupation of France and to the Italian occupation of the Balkans. It also considers “the structural effects of occupation on the occupied society’s environment and living conditions,” with particular emphasis on the triangular and rocky relationship between the representatives of the French state, especially the prefects and mayors, and the Italian military authorities, the officers of Italian units deployed on French soil, and Italian civilian authorities who were officially dispatched by Rome to supervise the implementation of the Franco-Italian armistice and to secretly prepare for the annexation of the occupied territories. Finally, at a grassroots level, the book explores the “face-to-face interaction between occupiers and occupied people” and how it was shaped by both groups’ habits, culture, prejudices, and tensions.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting e-Government Adoption by Dairy Farmers: A Case Study in the North-West of Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Alba Vázquez-López ◽  
Manuel Marey-Perez
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
North West ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The North ◽  
The Government

With the objective of assessing the farmers’ situation regarding the use of the ICT and their relations with the electronic government, a case study consisting in the realization of 34 face-to-face surveys was conducted between February and March 2020 in dairy farms in the region of Galicia (Spain). The sample was selected according to one of the most important online journals in the farming sector at a national level. From the census, we chose those farms considered most representative taking into account the main criteria: the level of PAC (Common Agrarian Politics) subsidies and milk production (litres/cow and year). The results show that the majority of the farmers used the internet, but on many an occasion, they were discontented in relation to the poor connection quality in their farms. In regard to the use of the electronic government for procedures related to their farms, many of them were able to perform them through the government website; however, there were procedures which the users defined as “complex” and which had to be outsourced to authorised entities. The results also show that the farmers do want to employ the e-government, mainly because of the time and cost saving; however, the current web pages do not meet the users’ expectations. Finally, this situation, applied to a region placed among the 10 most productive regions of milk, is comparable to what happens in other regions.

scholarly journals Digital Citizenship in a Swedish Marginalised Neighbourhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Kaharevic ◽  
Karin Skill
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Digital Citizenship ◽  
Digital Inclusion ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Disaggregated Data ◽  
Ehealth Services

We investigate digital citizenship by exploring attitudes and experiences of digital inclusion and eHealth with data from a survey study based on face-to-face interviews in different languages, in a marginalised hard to survey neighbourhood. Through public eHealth services, people can exercise digital citizenship. We explore differences between the marginalised neighborhood and the national level, and among residents in the neighbourhood, with disaggregated data. The results show that the respondents in Skäggetorp report lower usage of the internet, lower access to smartphones, a somewhat lower usage of BankID, higher concern for surveillance, and a higher number of respondents feel excluded from digital society in comparison to the nationwide survey. The results in the disaggregated data show some differences in attitudes to and experience of digital inclusion among residents in Skäggetorp. We conclude that the studies of digital citizenship need to be broadened to address feeling included, social rights, and difference.

District Development and Diversity Index: A Methodology That Promotes Evaluation and Assessment of Development and Welfare Programmes in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Abusaleh Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
National Level ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Action Programme ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
Development Discourses ◽  
Budgetary Allocation

A common concern in the inclusive development discourses across India has been the lack of civil society and community level activities in the spheres of governance and participation in public spaces amongst the deprived and excluded communities. To address this issue, the author has first computed the ‘district development index’ for all districts of India, as well as ‘diversity’ (of the components of development) indices according to socio-religious community (SRC) groups, especially created from the raw data drawn from Government of India sources. Using these indices, a methodology is developed that supports a ȁresearch-cum-action’ programme that enables better implementation of a number of components of the government’s poverty alleviation initiatives and allows their monitoring and evaluation. The budgetary allocation flows down from the national level to the states and then to the districts; and the districts are the grassroots level budgetary depositories. Through them, funds are carried forward to urban municipalities, village panchayats and to the doorsteps of the communities living in them. Policy engagements of trained civil society and community groups have high potential to be heard, so as to address the issues of social, economic and educational entitlements. This article reports experiences from recent field visits and interactions with selected civil society and community organisations from the states of Rajasthan, Haryana, Assam, West Bengal and Karnataka.

Violent Discipline Behaviors in Mothers of Preschool Children in Malatya, East Anatolia

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 5292-5310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehtap Omaç Sönmez ◽  
Metin Fikret Genç ◽  
Leyla Karaoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Family Income ◽  
National Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Child Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Mother's Educational Level

Violent parenting behavior, whether physical or psychological, give harms to child well-being. This study was conducted to describe and compare the prevalence of discipline methods used by mothers of 2- to 5-year-old children in Malatya, Turkey. This is a cross sectional study and 552 mothers were administered a face-to-face questionnaire describe the methods they use to discipline their children in the year previous the survey. It was observed that nine of 10 women used violence on their children physically and psychologically. The study showed that nine of 10 mothers used physical and/or psychological punishment toward their children in the previous year. Nonviolent discipline was less prevalent than punitive discipline, such as psychological and physical punishment. The most commonly used method was psychological punishment. Significant sociodemographic associations with discipline methods were found. Mother’s educational level, family income, child gender, and child age were the independent predictors that explained discipline methods used by mothers. Starting parenting classes and strengthening the child protection systems at national level were suggested.

scholarly journals Derajat Demokratisasi Desa di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Noman Kresna Martha
Keyword(s):  
Political Process ◽  
National Level ◽  
Democratic Process ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
The People ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
Democratic Life

National democracy will be strong if it is supported by democracy at the grassroots level. Nearly the last two decades, counting since the 1998 reforms, public attention has focused on democratic systems and journeys at the national level. While in the lowest society, democracy has not been a prominent agenda either in regulation or in the real political process. Village Communities, for example, have so far only been 'involved' in regional and national 'democratic' events, such as in elections, direct Pemilukada, or become objects of regulation in regional autonomy. At the level of jargon, democracy is often interpreted as a government of and for the people, meaning government by the people and carried out by representatives who are freely elected by the people. Democratization, because it is an effort to achieve democratic life through democratic means. Democracy is not achieved through a non-democratic process and the application of democratic methods does not always struggle in a democratic situation.

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