scholarly journals ZooNom: an online thesaurus for alleviating ambiguity in the terminology of zoological nomenclature

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5071 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
ELIE MARIO SALIBA ◽  
RÉGINE VIGNES-LEBBE ◽  
ALAIN DUBOIS ◽  
ANNEMARIE OHLER
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Other Hand

Zoological nomenclature is the discipline of taxonomy responsible for regulating the scientific names of animal species. It has its roots in Carolus Linnaeusʼ work and has been governed by an international Code since the turn of the 20th century. Its vocabulary, on the other hand, is not always clear. Various authors have established new terminology in order to reduce ambiguity. To make these new terms, but also the classical terms used by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, accessible, an electronic thesaurus (link: https://www.loterre.fr/skosmos/FM8/en/) was created, allowing to compare existing terminologies. This thesaurus is also a tool for reflection and discussion, targeting taxonomists and experts in nomenclature.  

scholarly journals New status for hesionid polychaetes (Annelida, Polychaeta)

Gaia Scientia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri de Araujo Costa ◽  
Martin Lindsey Christoffersen
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nomen Novum

Nomenclatural observations of the family Hesionidae Grube, 1850 (Annelida, Polychaeta), and according to the “Principle of Priority”, International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, demonstrate that some current names present in this family are invalid. Firstly, the name of the subfamily Ophiodrominae, which is based on genus Ophiodromus Sars, 1862, should be replaced. This is because the genus was synonymized to Oxydromus Grube, 1855, which corresponds the oldest genus of this group. In 1998, Pleijel established the tribe Psamathini, based on type genus Psamathe Johnston, 1838; later, in 2015, Summers, Pleijel & Rouse redefined the status this tribe for subfamily Psamathinae. However, the oldest genus of this hesiond group is Nereimyra Blainville, 1828. Finally, in 2012, Pleijel, Rouse, Sundkvist & Nygren erected the tribe Amphidurini, based on genus Amphiduros Hartman, 1959. On the other hand, the oldest genus is Parahesione Pettibone, 1956. According with the Principle of Priority, these hesionid taxa must be replaced by the next oldest available name from among its synonyms, including the names of the taxa contained within the same group. Therefore, we here are establishing the subfamily Oxydrominae nomen novum, the subfamily Nereimyrinae nomen novum, the tribe Oxydromini nomen novum and the tribe Parahesionini nomen novum.

Simone de Beauvoir's Philosophy of Individuation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hengehold
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simone De Beauvoir ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World

Most studies of Simone de Beauvoir situate her with respect to Hegel and the tradition of 20th-century phenomenology begun by Husserl, Heidegger, and Merleau-Ponty. This book analyzes The Second Sex in light of the concepts of becoming, problematization, and the Other found in Gilles Deleuze. Reading Beauvoir through a Deleuzian lens allows more emphasis to be placed on Beauvoir's early interest in Bergson and Leibniz, and on the individuation of consciousness, a puzzle of continuing interest to both phenomenologists and Deleuzians. By engaging with the philosophical issues in her novels and student diaries, this book rethinks Beauvoir’s focus on recognition in The Second Sex in terms of women’s struggle to individuate themselves despite sexist forms of representation. It shows how specific forms of women’s “lived experience” can be understood as the result of habits conforming to and resisting this sexist “sense.” Later feminists put forward important criticisms regarding Beauvoir’s claims not to be a philosopher, as well as the value of sexual difference and the supposedly Eurocentric universalism of her thought. Deleuzians, on the other hand, might well object to her ideas about recognition. This book attempts to address those criticisms, while challenging the historicist assumptions behind many efforts to establish Beauvoir’s significance as a philosopher and feminist thinker. As a result, readers can establish a productive relationship between Beauvoir’s “problems” and those of women around the world who read her work under very different circumstances.

scholarly journals DET ZOOFILE ÅRHUNDREDE

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Moral Status ◽  
Logical Consequence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
Point Of Departure

Anne Knudsen: The Century of Zoophilia Taking as her point of departure the protests against a dying child having his last wish fulfilled because his wish was to kill a bear, the author argues that animals have achieved a higher moral status than that of humans during the 20th century. The status of animals (and of “nature”) is seen as a consequence of their muteness which on the one hånd makes it impossible for animals to lie, and which on the other hånd allows humans to imagine what animals would say, if they spoke. The development toward zoophilia is explained as a a logical consequence of the cultural naturalisation of humans, and the author draws the conclusion that we may end up entirely without animals as a category. This hypothetical situation will lead to juridical as well as philosophical complications.

scholarly journals PEMIKIRAN JAMALUDDIN AL-AFGHANI (JAMAL AD-DIN AL-AFGHANI) (1838 – 1897 M)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
Akmal Hawi
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
Unique Position ◽  
Islamic Reform ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The People ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

The 19th century to the 20th century is a moment in which Muslims enter a new gate, the gate of renewal. This phase is often referred to as the century of modernism, a century where people are confronted with the fact that the West is far ahead of them. This situation made various responses emerging, various Islamic groups responded in different ways based on their Islamic nature. Some respond with accommodative stance and recognize that the people are indeed doomed and must follow the West in order to rise from the downturn. Others respond by rejecting anything coming from the West because they think it is outside of Islam. These circles believe Islam is the best and the people must return to the foundations of revelation, this circle is often called the revivalists. One of the figures who is an important figure in Islamic reform, Jamaluddin Al-Afghani, a reformer who has its own uniqueness, uniqueness, and mystery. Departing from the division of Islamic features above, Afghani occupies a unique position in responding to Western domination of Islam. On the one hand, Afghani is very moderate by accommodating ideas coming from the West, this is done to improve the decline of the ummah. On the other hand, however, Afghani appeared so loudly when it came to the question of nationality or on matters relating to Islam. As a result, Afghani traces his legs on two different sides, he is a modernist but also a fundamentalist. 

scholarly journals Euripidés Médeiájának magyar fordításairól

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anikó Polgár
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Professional Background ◽  
The Third ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Final Goal ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Textual Strategies

This study is dealing with two Hungarian translations of Euripides’ Medea. The translation made by Grácia Kerényi was produced in the second half of the 20th century, whereas the version by Zsuzsa Rakovszky was published at the beginning of the 21st. The difference between the translations regarding their textual strategies, the professional background of the translators and the final goal of the works is abysmal. Grácia Kerényi was an expert of ancient literatures, her translation was published in the official and renowned collection of Euripides’ work, Zsuzsa Rakovszky on the other hand translates predominantly from English, and her version was inspired by the request of the theatre. The study contains three parts: in the first the author analyses Kerényi’s Medea in the context of the philological reconstruction, in the second, the author examines the same text modified and revised by Fruzsina Magyar, who was the dramatic advisor of the theatre performance in Szolnok, and the third part reflects on the problems of validity, poetical force and immediacy in the translation of Zsuzsa Rakovszky.

Now that we have our pest-proof fence, are we safe or trapped?

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Parks ◽  
Kyle Clifton ◽  
Lauren Best ◽  
Bridget Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Free Status

PEST-PROOF (exclusion) fences are designed to prevent non-native, predatory and pest species from repopulating an area set aside to protect vulnerable native plant and animal species. Pest-proof fencing provides security from invasive species, but can isolate the native species enclosed within. On one hand, some rare native species exist on the mainland due to the pest-free status achieved through the use of exclusion fences. On the other hand, these reintroduced populations are now isolated a situation where they would not be found naturally (Jamieson et al. 2006). Exclusion fences must be constantly maintained or the sanctuary risks reinvasion. An important question for conservation biologists and managers to answer is therefore — when is exclusion fencing the best option for protecting native species from introduced pests? We have drawn our examples from New Zealand and Australia where progress has been made with regard to the design and utilization of exclusion fences.

scholarly journals Ambiance of slowness. Brussels commercial gallery of the latter half of the 20th century

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Claire Pelgrims
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Spatial Segregation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Transport Modes ◽  
The One ◽  
Motor Effects

In this paper, I study the sensory-motor effects of Brussels commercial galleries’ ambiance in the latter half of the 20th century. The analysis of two case studies (“Deux Portes” networked galleries and Agora Gallery) reveals the different logics of slow mobility acceleration and immobilisation at stake in the emerging modernist grammar of slow mobility. This grammar-in arrangement with the grammar of fast automobility − structures and stabilises the design of spaces for slowness next to the roadscape in spatial segregation of transport modes. There are accelerating and decelerating sensory dispositifs that define galleries both as punctual destination spaces that capture passers-by and as alternative paths for pedestrians: logics of multifunctionality, fast mobility accessibility and setting of an ambiance on the one hand, and logics of securement, spatial and qualitative continuities, on the other hand. Accelerating and decelerating dispositifs and logics facilitate movement to better keep the consumer captive. Then, I discuss the possible contribution of iconographic archives in research about past ambiances. They effectively acknowledge sensory- motor effects of ambiance but do not constitute an autonomous corpus to grasp sensitivity and reshape past ambiances.

scholarly journals Towards a List of Available Names in Zoology, partim Phylum Rotifera

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3179 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
HENDRIK SEGERS ◽  
WILLEM H. DE SMET ◽  
CLAUS FISCHER ◽  
DIEGO FONTANETO ◽  
EVANGELIA MICHALOUDI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Candidate List ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
International Body ◽  
Biodiversity Information ◽  
The Web ◽  
Standard List

Many, mostly older, names of animal species are nomenclaturally problematic, either because their orthography is unstable, orthey cannot be linked reliably to a taxonomic identity, due to the lack of recognisable descriptions and/or types. Yet, they repre-sent available (sensu International Code of Zoological Nomenclature) names and must be taken into account in zoologicalworks. This situation, with available senior, yet dubious names confounding nomenclature, is undesirable. It creates uncertain-ties at a time when molecular approaches are revolutionizing our concepts of species diversity, and fails us when the currentextinction crisis calls for efficient, accurate, and constructive approaches to document, monitor, and conserve biodiversity.The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (The Code) provides a means to address this issue by restricting avail-ability, application and orthography of names to those included in the List of Available Names in Zoology (LAN). The Code(Art. 79) allows an international body of zoologists in consultation with the Commission to propose a candidate part of theLAN for a major taxonomic field. We explore this possibility for 3570 species-group names of Phylum Rotifera (of which 665are problematic), by presenting such a candidate Rotifera part of the LAN. The web site of the International Commission onZoological Nomenclature (http://www.iczn.org) will hold both the candidate list and a forum to facilitate consultation on thecandidate list, while the list itself also can already be freely downloaded from three other Internet sites: http://fada.biodiver-sity.be, http://rotifer.ansp.org/LAN, and www.hausdernatur.at/rotifera. We give here an overview of the general approach andprocedures applied in preparation of the candidate list, and anticipate that our effort will promote the process as well as result in a standard list of names for use in taxonomy, the Global Names Architecture and other biodiversity information initiatives.

Apparent phonetic approximation: English loanwords in Old Quebec French

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROLE PARADIS ◽  
DARLENE LACHARITÉ
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Loanword Adaptation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
L2 Phonology ◽  
Quebec French ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
Phonological System

A key debate in loanword adaptation is whether the process is primarily phonetic or phonological. Is it possible that researchers on each side are viewing equally plausible, but different, scenarios? Perhaps, in some language situations, adaptation is carried out mainly by those without access to L2 phonology and is, perforce, perceptually driven. In other situations, adaptation may be done by bilinguals who actively draw upon their knowledge of L2 phonology in adapting loanwords. The phonetic strategy would most likely be favored in situations where the vast majority of the population did not know the L2, thus having no possible access to the L2 phonological system. The phonological strategy, on the other hand, is most likely to be favored in situations where there is a high proportion of speakers who are bilingual in the L1 and L2. This possibility is tested by comparing the adaptations of English loanwords in 19th- and early 20th-century Quebec French, when bilinguals were few, to those of contemporary Quebec French, in which the rate of bilingualism is far higher. The results show that even when the proportion of bilinguals in a society is relatively small, they determine how loanwords are pronounced in the borrowing language. Bilinguals adapt loanwords on the basis of phonology, not of faulty perception of foreign sounds and structures. However, in a society where bilinguals are few, there is a slight increase in non-phonological influences in loanword adaptation. We address the small role played by non-phonological factors, including phonetic approximation, orthography, and analogy (true or false), showing that false analogy, in particular, may give the impression that phonetic approximation is more widespread in a loanword corpus than is actually the case.

scholarly journals Customs War of the Kingdom of Serbia and the Habzburg Monarchy at the beginning of the 20th century

Ekonomika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Dušan Jerotijević ◽  
Živanka Bogavac-Miladinović ◽  
Ljubiša Stamatović
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
National Unification ◽  
Balkan States ◽  
As If

After gaining independence at the Berlin Congress, Serbia became the center around which all the surrounding Serbs gathered, seeking final liberation and unification. The great difficulty for a small Serbia was the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which in every way was trying to influence the Serbian internal and foreign policy. In doing so, she succeeded to a large extent during the reign of King Milan, even after his abdication, until the beginning of the XX century. The change in the throne after the May uprising led to the emancipation of Serbia from the influence of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the influence of other powers, in particular France and Russia. On the other hand, Serbia is increasingly independent in foreign policy and tries to connect with other Balkan states as if it economically strengthens to carry out a national unification mission. That is why the Austro-Hungarian conflict with Serbia on the economic plane, the Customs War, was inevitable. At the same time, this conflict has shown the strength and weaknesses of both countries. Serbia's victory in the Customs War showed her great economic rise, and Austro-Hungary became its fatal enemy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document