Synthetic Route of CdSe Nanocrystalline Films Fabricated by Substrate Vibration Assisted Drop Casting Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 761-770
Author(s):  
Megha Sachdeva ◽  
P. Agrawal ◽  
Sheenam Sachdeva ◽  
K. K. Bhasin ◽  
S. K. Tripathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cdse Nanocrystals ◽  
Nanocrystalline Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Substrate Vibration ◽  
Ultrasonic Substrate Vibration ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Average Size

Herein, we report a greener, non-toxic, cost effective and a modest scheme for the fabrication of excellent CdSe nanocrystals (NCs). Precursors for the present reaction are synthesized by the treatment of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) with 2-pyridyl selenolate (NaSeC5H4N) resulting a complex of the formula [(C5H4NSe)2Cd]. The complex is characterized by NMR (1H and 13C) and IR spectroscopies. The complex, [(C5H4NSe)2Cd] is found to be polymeric in nature, as indicated by its insolubility in solvents, and is further customized as a single-source pioneers for the preparation of colloidal CdSe NCs. Thermolysis of [(C5H4NSe)2 Cd] has been successfully carried out by hotinjection method using low-cost and harmless oleic acid (OA) as the coordinating solvent, thereby rejecting the need of air-sensitive and toxic solvents. Based upon dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique, the average size of colloidal CdSe NCs are determined using particle size analyzer. The average size of colloidal NCs comes out to be 6.3 nm. Thin films of colloidal CdSe NCs are deposited on glass substrate using drop-casting (DC) and ultrasonic substrate vibration assisted drop casting (SVADC) methods to study their use as workable materials for engineering devices. The films are characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), photoluminescence (PL) studies, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques.

Using Response Surface Methodology in Synthesis of Ultrafine Copper Nanoparticles by Electrolysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 1650001 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tamilvanan ◽  
K. Balamurugan ◽  
K. Ponappa ◽  
B. Madhan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cu Nanoparticles ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrode Gap ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Ultrafine Copper

Electrolysis is a method used for producing copper (Cu) nanoparticles at faster rate and at low cost in ambient conditions. The property of Cu nanoparticles prepared by electrolysis depends on their process parameters. The influence of selected process parameters such as copper sulfate (CuSo4) concentration, electrode gap and electrode potential difference on particle size was investigated. To optimize these parameters response surface methodology (RSM) was used. Cu nanoparticles prepared by electrolysis were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). After reviewing the results of analysis of variance (ANOVA), mathematical equation was created and optimized parameters for producing Cu nanoparticles were determined. The results confirm that the average size of Cu particle at the optimum condition was found to be 17[Formula: see text]nm and they are hexagonal in shape.

scholarly journals SERS Effect on Spin-Coated Seeding of Tilted Au-ZnO Nanorods for Low-Cost Diagnosis

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 5321
Author(s):  
Miyeon Jue ◽  
Chan-Gi Pack ◽  
Seakhee Oh ◽  
Bjorn Paulson ◽  
Kwanhee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Angular Distributions ◽  
Zno Nanorod ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Raman Enhancement ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

Uniformly parallel Au-coated ZnO nanorods have previously been shown to amplify local Raman signals, providing increased sensitivity to disease markers in the detection of inflammation and cancer. However, practical and cost-effective fabrication methods of substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) fail to produce highly uniform surfaces. Here, the feasibility of Raman enhancement on less-uniform substrates is assessed. ZnO nanorod structures were fabricated by hydrothermal synthesis, starting from spin-coated seed substrates. Following analysis, the nanostructures were coated with Au to create stochastically variant substrates. The non-uniformity of the fabricated Au-coated ZnO nanorod structures is confirmed morphologically by FE-SEM and structurally by X-ray diffraction, and characterized by the angular distributions of the nanorods. Monte Carlo finite element method simulations matching the measured angular distributions and separations predicted only moderate increases in the overall Raman enhancement with increasing uniformity. Highly variant substrates exhibited approximately 76% of the Raman enhancement of more uniform substrates in simulations and experiments. The findings suggest that, although highly inhomogeneous Au-coated ZnO nanorod substrates may not attain the same Raman enhancement as more uniform substrates, the relaxation of fabrication tolerances may be economically viable.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Green Deep Eutectic Solvents for Pretreatment Wheat Straw: Enhance the Solubility of Typical Lignocellulose

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Zedong Teng ◽  
Liyan Wang ◽  
Bingqian Huang ◽  
Yue Yu ◽  
Jianwei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Total Sugar Concentration ◽  
The Cost

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), a novel and environmentally-friendly solvent, have high potential for biomass pretreatment due to its advantages of low cost, low toxicity, strong solubility, excellent selectivity and biocompatibility. Two types of DES (binary and ternary) were synthesized and characterized, and optimized ternary DES was selected to pretreat wheat straw for enhancement of the solubility of lignocellulose. Moreover, enzymatic hydrolysis was tested to verify the performance of pretreatment. In addition, the changes in surface morphology, structure and crystallinity of wheat straw pretreated by DES were analyzed to reveal the pretreatment mechanism. Experimental results indicated that viscosity exhibited little difference in different types of DESs, and a declining trend as the temperature increases in same DES. The ternary DES pretreatment efficiently enhanced the solubility of typical lignocellulose, with the optimal removal rate of lignin at approximately 69.46%. Furthermore, the total sugar concentration of the residue was about 5.1 times more than that of untreated wheat straw after the pretreated samples were hydrolyzed by the cellulase for 24 h, indicating that DES has the unique ability to selectively extract lignin and hemicellulose from wheat straw while retaining cellulose, and thus enhanced the solubility of lignocellulose. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation and X-ray diffraction (XRD) determination showed that the surface of wheat straw suffered from serious erosion and the crystallinity index of wheat straw increased after DES5 pretreatment. Therefore, DES cleaves the covalent bond between lignin and cellulose and hemicellulose, and reduces the intractability of lignin resulting in the lignin dissolution. It suggests that DES can be used as a promising and biocompatible pretreatment way for the cost-effective conversion of lignocellulose biomass into biofuels.

Polyaniline as a Sacrificing Template for the Synthesis of Ultra-small Co3O4 Nanoparticles for the Sensitive and Selective Detection of Methotrexate (MTX)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irum Naz Qureshi ◽  
Aneela Tahira ◽  
Khoulwod Aljadoa ◽  
Ali M. Alsalme ◽  
Asma A. Al-Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Co3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Average Size

Abstract The successful monitoring of the anticancer drugs using nanostructured materials is very important but very challenging task. Beside this, uniform and ultra-small size of metal oxide nanoparticles is highly needed in order to enhance the catalytic activity which could result into the development of sensitive and selective electrochemical sensors for methotrexate (MTX). For this purpose, we have used a simple approach involving the polyaniline (PANI) as a sacrificing template for the growth of uniform and ultra-small Co3O4 nanoparticles by hydrothermal method. The structure, shape, composition and phase purity were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) techniques. The average size of Co3O4 nanoparticles was below 50 nm. The cubic crystallography is confirmed for the Co3O4 nanoparticles. The electrochemical properties of PANI assisted Co3O4 nanoparticles for MTX drug was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) in Britton–Robinson buffer (BRB) of pH 3.5. The PANI assisted Co3O4 nanoparticles were found highly sensitive for the MTX drug and exhibited a linear range from 5-75µM of MTX and limit of detection for the modified electrode was estimated 1.98µM. The proposed electrochemical sensor is low cost, simple, highly sensitive and selective towards MTX detection. The synthetic methodology using the conducting polymer as a sacrificing template for the growth of controlled and ultra-small Co3O4 nanoparticles can be utilized for the wide range of electrochemical applications.

Square-Shaped Nd2Sn2O7 Nanocrystals Prepared by Salt-Assistant Combustion Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Yu Ping Tong ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Shun Bo Zhao ◽  
Lu De Lu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Pyrochlore Type ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Average Size

Ultrafine square-shaped pyrochlore-type Nd2Sn2O7 nanocrystals were synthesized by a convenient salt-assisted combustion process using glycine as fuel. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results indicate that the products are phase-pure nanocrystals with pyrochlore-type structure. TEM and HRTEM images reveal that the products are composed of well-dispersed square-shaped Nd2Sn2O7 nanocrystals with the average size of 30 nm and the crystallite is structurally uniform and crystalline. The presented method provides a convenient and low-cost route for the synthesis of oxide materials nanostructures.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Near Infrared Molybdenum Disulfide/Silicon Heterojunction Photodetector by Drop Casting Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haroon Rashid ◽  
Norhana Arsad ◽  
Harith Ahmad ◽  
Ahmad Ashrif A. Bakar ◽  
Mamun Ibne Reaz
Keyword(s):  
Molybdenum Disulfide ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optoelectronic Device ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Incident Laser Power ◽  
Device Applications

In this work, a highly efficient, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) based near infrared (NIR) heterojunction photodetector is fabricated on a Si substrate using a cost-effective and simple drop casting method. A non-stoichiometric and inhomogeneous MoS2 layer with a S/Mo ratio of 2.02 is detected using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscope analysis. Raman shifts are noticed at 382.42 cm-1 and 407.97 cm-1, validating MoS2 thin film growth with a direct bandgap of 2.01 eV. The fabricated n-MoS2/p-Si photodetector is illuminated with a 785 nm laser at different intensities, and demonstrate the ability of the photodetector to work in both regions, the forward biased and reverse biased from above 1.5 V and less than -1.0 V. The highest responsivity, R is calculated to be 0.52 A/W while the detectivity D* is 4.08 x 10^10 Jones for an incident light intensity of 9.57 mW/cm2. The minimum rise and fall times are calculated as 1.77 ms and 1.31 ms for an incident laser power of 9.57 mW/cm^2 and 6.99 mW/cm^2 respectively at a direct current bias voltage of 10 V. The demonstrated results are promising for the low-cost fabrication of a thin MoS2 film for photonics and optoelectronic device applications.

scholarly journals Synthesis of biochar conjugated Schiff base composites and their enhanced antimicrobial activity against five pathogenic organisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Felix Nworie ◽  
Frank Nwabue ◽  
Wilberforce Oti ◽  
Confidence Obasi ◽  
Chinwe Ejim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar ◽  
The Fourier Transform

The search for antimicrobial drug of high bio-efficacy not prone to multiple microbial resistance has been on the rise in recent time. This study focused on the preparation, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of Schiff functionalized HNO3 activated plantain peel and rice husk biochar against five pathogenic bacteria. The activated rice husk and plantain peel biochar were characterized using Braunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Based on the result, the activated rice husk and plantain peel biochar were amorphous and crystalline respectively with pore surface area and pore size for activated rice husk and plantain peel biochar as 9.369 and 27.32 (m2.g-1) and 8.790 and 16.65 (cc.g-1), respectively. The Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy result indicated bonds, such as –OH, C=O and –N-H, where actual chelation and electrostatic attraction mechanism are prevalent responsible for antimicrobial potency. The cell bioactivity was hampered due to permeation of the biocidal agents, cell membrane disruption and generation of reactive oxygen species enhanced by conjugation of Schiff base based biochar to the microbial cell wall leading to death of microbes. The ease of Schiff base release and reusability of the nanocomposite favors the product as an efficient, low cost, effective and promising nanocomposite for decontamination of bacteria infested media.

scholarly journals Reduction mechanisms of Ag(I) and Au(III) in the synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using leaf extract of Terminalia catappa

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ZAKIR ◽  
MAMING MAMING ◽  
MISKA SANDA LEMBANG ◽  
ESTY YURNITA LEMBANG
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Terminalia Catappa ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Reduction Mechanisms ◽  
Average Size

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and gold nanoparticles (AuNP) was carried out by the reduction method with leaf extract of Ketapang (Terminalia catappa). The biomolecules present in the extract generated the reduction of Ag+ and Au3+ ions from AgNO3 and HAuCl4, respectively. The growth of nanoparticles was monitored by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The maximum absorption of biosynthesis of AgNP and AuNP were observed in the respective range of 421-431nm and 530-535nm. Those peaks correspond to surface plasmon absorbance of AgNP and AuNP, respectively. Analysis on the functional groups change of the extract by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy showed the formation of carbonyl- from hydroxyl-groups which suggested the oxidation and reduction processes involved in the formation of both nanoparticles. The average size distributions determined by PSA (Particle Size Analyzer) are 55-71nm and 18-44nm for AgNP and AuNP, respectively. Morphology of the silver nanoparticles was observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the structure of the compounds was characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The shape of AgNP varied from triangular, cubic and hexagonal polyshaped, while AuNP were spherical. XRD studies showed that the nanoparticles obtained were crystalline gold and silver.

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