Screening of a Mannosylerythritol Lipids Producing Strain and Analysis on Its Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-412
Author(s):  
Rui-Min Fu ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Ting-Ting Xue ◽  
Wu-Ling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Glycolipid Biosurfactant ◽  
Pollution Problem ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Environmental Pollution Problem ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Emulsifying Ability ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The purpose of this study is to improve the environmental pollution problem, the strains which can produce glycolipid biosurfactant and degrade petroleum hydrocarbons efficiently were screened out in this study. Six strains of glycolipid-producing fungi were isolated from the surface of apple skin by the methods of blood plate and oil plate. After comparing the oil drainage ability of each strain and using PCR to amplify the key genes for the synthesis of glycolipid surfactants, we screened a fungus K6 with emtl sequence. The strain was identified by morphological, physiological and biochemical tests and molecular phylogenetic analysis (5.8S, ITS1, ITS2). Its metabolites were analyzed by TLC and HPLC. The strain was identified as Pseudozyma churashimaensis, which could produce mannose and erythritol. The experiment of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation shows that strain K6 has strong emulsifying ability and the ability of degrading petroleum hydrocarbon. Strain K6, with the strong ability in producing biosurfactants and degrading petroleum, will have broad application prospects for bioremediation of petroleum contaminated environment.

The Toxicity of Castor Beans and its Treatment with Doxycycline in Local Rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nael Mohammed Sarheed ◽  
Osamah Faisal Kokas ◽  
Doaa Abd Alabas Muhammed Ridh
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Doxycycline Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Physiological Tests ◽  
Animal House ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The plant of castor is widely spread in the Iraqi land, and characterized with containing ricin toxin, which has a very serious effects, and because the seeds of this plant scattered in the agricultural soil and rivers water, which increases the exposure of humans and animals to these beans. Objective: This experiment was designed to study the effect of high concentration of castor bean powder in some physiological and biochemical parameters and changes in some tissues of the body, as well as trying to use doxycycline to reduce the effects of ingestion of these seeds. Materials and Methods: In the experiment, 24 local rabbits were raised and fed in the Animal House of the Faculty of Medicine / Al-Muthanna University, then divided into four groups and treated for three weeks (21 days), Control group: treated with normal saline solution (0.9) orally throughout the experiment, G1: was treated orally with a concentration of 25 mg / kg of castor bean powder daily during the experiment, G2 : orally treated 25 mg / kg of castor bean and 25 mg / kg of doxycycline, G3: orally treated 25 mg / kg of castor powder with 50 mg / kg of doxycycline daily throughout the trial period. Results: The results of the experiment showed significant changes (P less than 0.05) in all physiological and biochemical blood tests when compared with control group. There was a significant decrease in PCV, Hb, RBC, T.protein and body weights, while demonstrated a significant increase in WBC, Urea, Creatinine, ALT, AST and ALP, with distortions in liver and kidney of animals that treated with Castor beans. In contrast, the treatment with doxycycline and caster beans showed significant improvement reflected by a normal proportion in physiological tests and biochemical tests with improvement in the tissues when compared to control group. Conclusions: It can be concluded from this study that castor bean has high toxic and pathogenic effects that may be dangerous to the life of the organism. Therefore, it is advisable to be cautious of these pills and avoid exposure to them, also recommended to take high concentrations of doxycycline treatment when infected with castor bean poisoning.

scholarly journals Screening, Identification and Growth-Promotion Products of Multifunctional Bacteria in a Chinese Fir Plantation

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Guangyu Zhao ◽  
Yihui Wei ◽  
Jiaqi Chen ◽  
Yuhong Dong ◽  
Lingyu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Chinese Fir Plantation ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Purpose: This research was aimed to screen and identify multifunctional phosphorus-dissolving bacteria of a Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation and study its phosphorus-dissolving characteristics in order to provide strain resources and a theoretical basis for developing the appropriate bacterial fertilizer of a Chinese fir plantation. Methods: First, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were isolated from the woodland soil of a Chinese fir plantation by Pikovskava inorganic phosphorus medium (PVK). Then, some growth-promoting indicators of primary screening strains were determined, including the capacity of phosphorus-solubilized, nitrogenase activity, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity, production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), secretion of iron carrier and so on. Finally, the screening multifunctional phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were identified, which were combined with colony characteristics, physiological and biochemical tests and molecular biotechnology. Results: (1) Thirteen phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were isolated and screened in total, and P5 (195.61 mg·L−1) had the strongest capacity of phosphorus-solubilized. Five phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were provided with nitrogenase activity, and the highest activity of nitrogenase was P10 and P5 (71.90 C2H4 nmol·mL−1·h−1 and 71.00 C2H4 nmol·mL−1·h−1, respectively). Four strains were provided with ACC deaminase activity, and the highest activity of ACC deaminase was P5 and P9, (0.74 μmol·mg−1·h−1 and 0.54 μmol·mg−1·h−1, respectively). Most strains could secrete IAA, and three strains of bacteria had a strong secretory ability, which could secrete IAA with a concentration greater than 15 mg·mL−1, and P5 was 18.00, P2 was 17.30, P6 was 15.59 (mg·mL−1). P5 produced carriers of iron better than others, and the ratio of the diameter of the iron production carrier ring to the diameter of the colony was 1.80, respectively, which was significantly higher than other strains. Combining all kinds of factors, P5 multifunctional phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were screened for eventual further study. (2) Strain P5 was identified as Burkholderia ubonensis, based on the colony characteristics, physiological and biochemical tests, 16SrDNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree construction. Conclusion: P5 has a variety of high-efficiency growth-promoting capabilities, and the ability to produce IAA, ACC deaminase activity and siderophore performance are significantly higher than other strains, which had great potential in the development of microbial fertilizer.

scholarly journals Halalkalicoccus jeotgali sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon from shrimp jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2296-2298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Woon Roh ◽  
Young-Do Nam ◽  
Ho-Won Chang ◽  
Youlboong Sung ◽  
Kyoung-Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Halophilic Archaeon ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Extremely Halophilic Archaeon ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

A novel, extremely halophilic archaeon B3T was isolated from shrimp-salted seafood. Its morphology, physiology, biochemical features and 16S rRNA gene sequence were characterized. Strain B3T is non-motile, Gram-variable, requires at least 10 % (w/v) NaCl for growth and grows in the ranges of 21–50 °C and pH 6.5–9.0. The DNA G+C content of strain B3T was 63.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain B3T belonged to the genus Halalkalicoccus and was phylogenetically closely related to the type strain Halalkalicoccus tibetensis (98.64 %). However, DNA–DNA hybridization experiments showed 7.0 % relatedness between strain B3T and a strain of a reference species of the genus Halalkalicoccus. Combined analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, DNA–DNA relatedness data, physiological and biochemical tests indicated that the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics differentiate strain B3T from other Halalkalicoccus species. On the basis of the evidence presented in this report, strain B3T represents a novel species of the genus Halalkalicoccus, for which the name Halalkalicoccus jeotgali. sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B3T (=KCTC 4019T=DSM 18796T=JCM 14584T=CECT 7217T).

scholarly journals Green innovation, government incentive and enterprise performance are explored from the perspective of game

2021 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Ren
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Enterprise Performance ◽  
Green Innovation ◽  
Green Development ◽  
Pollution Problem ◽  
Environmental Pollution Problem ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The rapid development of economy brings serious environmental pollution problem. Green innovation, as the connection point between government environmental regulation measures and sustainable green development of enterprises, has become one of the important choices for the transformation and development of enterprises. Based on the classic model of “prisoner’s dilemma” in game theory, this paper deeply analyzes the relationship between green innovation and performance. It is found that it is easy to get into trouble if only relying on the spontaneous green innovation within the enterprise. Applying appropriate pressure outside the enterprise can promote the change of green innovation and bring long-term benefits to the enterprise.

scholarly journals Biodegradation Potentials of Aspergillus sydowii and Fusarium lichenicola on Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in an Oilfield Wastewater in Rivers State

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Williams, Janet Olufunmilayo ◽  
Aleruchi Owhonka
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aspergillus Sydowii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Rivers State

This study investigated the potential of Aspergillus sydowii and Fusarium lichenicola as mixed cultures in the biodegradation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons TPHs in oilfield wastewater. Oilfield wastewater was collected from an onshore oil producing platform and biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons was investigated using standard methods. Fungi were isolated from oilfield wastewater contaminated soils obtained from the vicinity of the oil producing platform. Experimental control set-up and treatment with mixed culture of fungal isolates were periodically analyzed on days 7 and 21 intervals for total petroleum hydrocarbon degradation using Gas Chromatography (GC). The total amount of TPHs on day 1 recorded 381. 871 mg/l.  The amount of TPHs on days 7 and 21 in the mixed culture of fungi was 108.975 mg/l and 21.105 mg/l respectively while TPHs in control was 342.891 mg/l and 240.749 mg/l respectively. There was a significant difference between the mixed culture and the control on days 7 and 21 at p≤0.05. The results therefore revealed actual and significant reduction of TPHs in the mixed culture. In addition, there was clearance of n-alkanes by the mixed culture. This suggests that fungi have great potentials in biodegradation of TPHs and in remediation of TPH contaminated environments.

scholarly journals Streptomyces qinglanensis sp. nov., isolated from mangrove sediment

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 596-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huo Hu ◽  
Hai-Peng Lin ◽  
Qingyi Xie ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Xin-Qiang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Mycelium ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Mangrove Sediment ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Phenotypic Differentiation ◽  
Mangrove Soil ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

A Streptomyces-like strain, 172205T, was obtained from mangrove soil collected at Qinglan Harbour, Wenchang, Hainan, China. The strain was characterized by white aerial mycelium and long spore chains. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain represents a novel member of the genus Streptomyces, exhibiting highest levels of similarity (<98.29 %) to the type strains of members of the genus Streptomyces. However, DNA–DNA relatedness and phenotypic data readily distinguished strain 172205T from phylogenetically related type strains. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8). The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (10.31 %), anteiso-C15 : 0 (35.19 %), iso-C16 : 0 (20.24 %) and anteiso-C17 : 0 (10.05 %). The diagnostic phospholipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The cell wall contained ll-diaminopimelic acid and meso-diaminopimelic acid and whole-cell hydrolysates contained ribose, galactose and glucose. The results of DNA–DNA hybridization, physiological and biochemical tests allowed the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain 172205T from phylogenetically related type strains. Therefore, strain 172205T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces qinglanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 172205T ( = CGMCC 4.6825T  = DSM 42035T).

scholarly journals OIL SPILL INCIDENTS AND DISPERSANT APPLICATIONS IN KUWAIT

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Salah M. Al-Mazidi ◽  
Omar Samhan
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
North And South

ABSTRACT Since the discovery of oil in Kuwait, most oil-related activities have been located along the coastline 50 km south of Kuwait City. Other related industrial activities have been developed in this area apart from oil and petroleum products export in order to diversify the national sources of income. For these reasons, the potential for large oil spills in Kuwait's marine environment is highest along the south coast, where oil refineries and exporting facilities are located. An average of 219 barrels of oil were spilled annually between 1979 and 1985, and 2,100 gallons of dispersants were used in cleanup operations. The majority of incidents involved less than 5 barrels of oil and 500 gallons of dispersants. Incidents involving more than 100 barrels of oil and 5,000 gallons of dispersants were confined to the Sea Island and Mina Al-Ahmadi North and South Piers. This distribution undoubtedly affects the concentration of petroleum residues in various components of the marine environment, resulting in an increase in tar ball density along this coast, reaching a maximum at Ras Az-Zor, and significantly higher levels of vanadium and petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments and oysters collected south of Mina Al-Ahmadi. The objective of this paper is to report on the number, volume, and frequency distribution of oil spill incidents in Kuwait and the usage of dispersants in cleanup operations. Vanadium and petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations also are described as is the sensitivity of the southern coastal environment to oil spills. Recommendations have been made on how to conduct cleanup operations for any future oil spill incidents along the southern shoreline of Kuwait.

scholarly journals MIKROORGANISME PENDEGRADASI TPH (TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON) SEBAGAI AGEN BIOREMEDIASI TANAH TERCEMAR MINYAK BUMI (Review Article)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Prasetyo Handrianto
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Petroleum Pollution ◽  
Ph Optimization

Exploitation and exploration activities will produce sewage sludge and crude oil spills that cause pollution to the environment and upgrading to the environment, biology and soil chemistry. Monitoring of oil pollution conditions on the soil can be done by detection of all hydrocarbon components, or what is called the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH). According to its components, this total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) can be classified into 3 points, aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic. One of the biological efforts that can be used to overcome petroleum pollution is by using bioremediation technology. There are several methods in bioremediation, one of which is the biostimulation method, where the growth of the original hydrocarbon decomposers is stimulated by adding nutrients, oxygen, pH optimization and temperature. Hydrocarbonoclastic microorganisms have characteristic not possessed by other microorganisms, namely their ability to excrete hydroxylase enzymes, which are hydrocarbon oxidizing enzymes, so that these bacteria can degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. Biodegradation can be formed if there is a structural transformation so that cahnges in molecular integrity occur. This process is a series of enzymatic or biochemical reaction that require ideal environmental conditions with the growth and proliferation of microorganisms. Something that need to be known before remediation are pollutants (organic or inorganic), degraded/ not, dangerous/ not, how many pollutants pollute the soil, the ratio of carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), and phophorus (P), soil type, soil conditions (wet dry), and how long pollutants have been deposited in these locations

The Analysis of the Current Situation and Countermeasures of New Energy Vehicles

2014 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 639-642
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Ming Yuan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Management Mechanism ◽  
Pollution Problem ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Environmental Pollution Problem ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Energy Vehicle ◽  
Battery Technology ◽  
New Energy Vehicles

With pm2.5 and environmental pollution problem of urban smog, energy conservation and environmental protection has become an important subject in the current car development, so the new energy vehicles get more and more favor from the government and enterprises. But the new energy vehicles’ market share in our country is still small and the technology is not mature. This paper summarizes the experience and lessons in the development of new energy vehicles at home and abroad, and then based on which analyses the reasons that restrict the development of the new energy vehicles, finally puts forward the countermeasures of new energy vehicles development from the government's macro policy, battery technology, management mechanism, public participation and so on. In addition, it also puts forward a new opinion that encourages and guides the social capital to participate in the operation of the new energy vehicle infrastructure construction and operation, then provides a model for our country’s new energy vehicles future development.

scholarly journals Microbacterium arthrosphaerae sp. nov., isolated from the faeces of the pill millipede Arthrosphaera magna Attems

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1334-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kämpfer ◽  
P. D. Rekha ◽  
P. Schumann ◽  
A. B. Arun ◽  
Chiu-Chung Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Unknown Phospholipid ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Sequence Similarities

A Gram-reaction-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain CC-VM-YT, was isolated from the faeces of the pill millipede Arthrosphaera magna Attems from India and was subsequently studied to determine its taxonomic position. Based on16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, the isolate clearly grouped with members of the genus Microbacterium. On the basis of pairwise comparisons of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain CC-VM-YT was most closely related to Microbacterium insulae DS-66T (98 %), Microbacterium hydrocarbonoxydans DSM 160809T (97.8 %) and Microbacterium hominis NBRC 15708T (97.9 %). The peptidoglycan contained the amino acids ornithine (Orn), alanine (Ala), glycine (Gly), homoserine (Hsr) and glutamic acid (Glu) in an approximate molar ratio of 1.0 : 0.8 : 2.2 : 0.8 : 0.3. In addition, substantial amounts of threo-3-hydroxy glutamic acid (Hyg) were detected, which is characteristic of peptidoglycan type B2β. The acyl type of the peptidoglycan was glycolyl. The menaquinones of strain CC-VM-YT were MK-13 (72 %), MK-12 (25 %) and MK-11 (3 %). The polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, one unknown phospholipid and one unknown glycolipid. The fatty acid profile comprised anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 as the major fatty acids, which was congruent with fatty acid profiles of other members of the genus Microbacterium. The results of physiological and biochemical tests as well as DNA–DNA hybridizations with the most closely related species, M. insulae, M. hydrocarbonoxydans and M. hominis, revealed clear phenotypic and genotypic differences between strain CC-VM-YT and other members of the genus Microbacterium. Based on these results, strain CC-VM-YT ( = DSM 22421T  = CCM 7681T) represents a new species of the genus Microbacterium, for which the name Microbacterium arthrosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed.

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