A Study on Electron Acceptor of Carbonaceous Materials for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Uptakes

Significant efforts have been directed toward the identification of carbonaceous materials that can be utilized for hydrogen uptake in order to develop on-board automotive systems with a gravimetric capacity of 5.5 wt.%, thus meeting the U.S. Department of Energy technical targets. However, the capacity of hydrogen storage is limited by the weak interaction between hydrogen molecules and the carbon surface. Cigarette butts, which are the most abundant form of primary plastic waste, remain an intractable environmental pollution problem. To transform this source of waste into a valuable adsorbent for hydrogen uptake, we prepared several forms of oxygen-rich cigarette butt-derived porous carbon (CGB-AC, with the activation temperature range of 600 and 900 °C). Our experimental investigation revealed that the specific surface area increased from 600 to 700 °C and then decreased as the temperature rose to 900 °C. In contrast, the oxygen contents gradually decreased with increasing activation temperature. CGB-AC700 had the highest H2 excess uptake () of 8.54 wt.% at 77 K and 20 bar, which was much higher than that of porous carbon reported in the previous studies. We found that the dynamic interaction between the porosity and the oxygen content determined the hydrogen storage capacity. The underlying mechanisms proposed in the present study would be useful in the design of efficient hydrogen storage because they explain the interaction between positive carbonaceous materials and negative hydrogen molecules in quadrupole orbitals.

Analysis of Factors Influencing the Trophic State of Drinking Water Reservoirs in Taiwan

Eutrophication is an environmental pollution problem that occurs in natural water bodies. Regression analyses with interaction terms are carried out to identify the factors influencing the Shimen, Mingde, and Fongshan Reservoirs in Taiwan. The results indicate that the main factor influencing these reservoirs is total phosphorus. In the Shimen and Mingde Reservoirs, the influence of total phosphorus, when interacting with other factors, on water quality trophic state is more serious than that of total phosphorus per se. This implies that the actual influence of total phosphorus on the eutrophic condition could be underestimated. Furthermore, there was no deterministic causality between climate and water quality variables. In addition, time lagged effects, or the influence of their interaction with other variables, were considered separately in this study to further determine the actual relationships between water trophic state and influencing factors. The influencing patterns for three reservoirs are different, because the type, size, and background environment of each reservoir are different. This is as expected, since it is difficult to predict eutrophication in reservoirs with a universal index or equation. However, the multiple linear regression model used in this study could be a suitable quick-to-use, case-by-case model option for this problem.

Design and Analysis of Ship Exhaust Boiler Flue Cleaning System Based on Computer

In recent years, the country for ship emissions of exhaust gas control is relatively loose, but also relatively lack of specific and effective supervision and scientific exhaust emissions and treatment technology, so China’s air pollution is increasingly serious. With the implementation of regulations on the emission of air pollutants from land-based sources such as motor vehicles and power stations, researchers have found that exhaust pollution from ships accounts for an increasing proportion of the overall air pollution, especially in port cities and coastal areas, causing great damage. In order to effectively reduce ship exhaust pollution in China, the Ministry of Transport through the establishment of ship emission control area program, stage by stage and regional limits on the sulfur content of fuel used by ships sailing in China’s ports and coastal inland river waters. Through the implementation of the regulations of the ship discharge control area, all kinds of pollutants discharged by ships have been significantly reduced, and the environment of the port area has been improved to a certain extent. At the same time, it is also necessary to use the computer and other high-tech constantly develop new ship exhaust cleaning mode to deal with the increasingly serious environmental pollution problem.

Optimizatiaon of MRS (De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe) Media with an organic waste substitute to assess the potential of Lactobacillus in Ink degradation

Lactobacillus species are normally found in human digestive and urinary tracts. In this study, the capability of probiotic strains to grow in media using banana peel waste as an alternative carbohydrate source was investigated. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated using homemade curd, banana peel powder was made using an alternate drum drier technique and used as a fermentation media on which strain of probiotic, Lactobacillus sp. were grown. The result showed that bacterial growth using banana peel powder obtained at 370C under anaerobic condition (2- 3 days), was comparable to growth seen in MRS medium. It can be concluded that the banana peel powder can be utilized to produce culture medium for cultivation of probiotic bacteria as a substitute to MRS medium which is expensive for cultivating probiotics. This will not only result in cost reduction of probiotic from cheap, inexpensive Agro-waste material, but also helps in solving the environmental pollution problem caused by their extensive disposal. The capability of Lactobacillus sp. to degrade dye was also investigated. Lactobacilli was incorporated under anaerobic condition in the M9 media containing the dye. The dye degrading capability of Lactobacillus sp was estimated colorimetrically at 520nm. The result showed a decrease in the dye concentration obtained at 37oC under anaerobic condition. So, it can be concluded that the Lactobacillus strain can be used for the bioremediation of dyes.

Atrial proarrhythmic effect of lead as one of the PM10 metal components of air pollution. An in-silico study

Particulate matter (PM) is considered the most severe environmental pollution problem due to its serious effects on human health associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this work, a physicochemical characterization of PM10 from the city of Medellin was developed. The results evince that lead (Pb) is one of the most abundant elements since it is present in all analyzed samples. Therefore, Pb was chosen to perform an in-silico study to assess its effects on atrial arrhythmias generation. For this purpose, we developed a model representing the Pb2+ blocking effect on the L-type calcium channel. This formulation was incorporated in a human atrial cell mathematical model and in 2D and 3D models of human atria. The simulations showed a proarrhythmic effect at high Pb2+ concentrations, through shortening of action potential duration inducing the generation of reentrant activity and atrial flutter. The results contribute to the knowledge about the cardiac physiopathological processes, triggered by lead as one of the main PM10 metal components of air pollution, that yields the generation of arrhythmias.

Environmental Effects of Trade Liberalization–Evidence from China’s Pilot Free Trade Zone

Free trade zone (FTZ) in China has been demonstrating remarkable achievements since its establishment, yet its effects on the environment in the zones cannot be ignored. However, there is still a lack of research on the impact of the quasi-natural experiment in the China pilot FTZ on China’s environment. Based on this, this paper uses panel data from 196 cities in China from 2010 to 2017 and uses the propensity score matching and difference in difference (PSM-DID) model to empirically test the environmental effects of the establishment of the FTZ. The result shows that there is an obvious causal relationship between the establishment of the FTZ and environmental quality. The establishment of the FTZ has exacerbated the environmental pollution problem in the pilot zone. Through a series of robustness tests, it is concluded that the estimated results of the benchmark model are robust. However, after a further study on whether the effect of the FTZ on environment is time varying, it was found that the effects of the FTZ on the environmental pollution in the test zones gradually weakened over time, which means that with the gradual maturity of China’s free trade pilot zone, the positive effect on environmental improvement will gradually highlight.

Significant Issues of Nuclear Energy Investment Decisions for Energy Importer Countries

Nuclear energy investments are important for the social and economic development of countries. Thanks to these investments, no carbon gas is released into the atmosphere while providing energy. This situation prevents the environmental pollution problem. On the other hand, nuclear energy contributes to countries to obtain uninterrupted electricity. However, the installation of nuclear power plants is now difficult. A serious technological infrastructure is required to build these facilities. This situation is especially important for countries that do not yet have nuclear power plants. In order to increase the use of nuclear energy in these countries, support from nuclear energy companies is required. However, nuclear energy investors may not want to invest in every country. In this study, the factors that affect the investment decisions of nuclear energy investors are analyzed. In this framework, a detailed literature analysis was performed, and 4 different criteria were determined. An analysis was carried out using the Entropy method to determine the most important factor among these factors. According to the results of the analysis, it is determined that the socio-political factors in the country have the most importance in the decisions of nuclear energy investors. Considering these issues, it is understood that countries should pay attention to public acceptance to attract the attention of nuclear energy investors.

Screening of a Mannosylerythritol Lipids Producing Strain and Analysis on Its Products

The purpose of this study is to improve the environmental pollution problem, the strains which can produce glycolipid biosurfactant and degrade petroleum hydrocarbons efficiently were screened out in this study. Six strains of glycolipid-producing fungi were isolated from the surface of apple skin by the methods of blood plate and oil plate. After comparing the oil drainage ability of each strain and using PCR to amplify the key genes for the synthesis of glycolipid surfactants, we screened a fungus K6 with emtl sequence. The strain was identified by morphological, physiological and biochemical tests and molecular phylogenetic analysis (5.8S, ITS1, ITS2). Its metabolites were analyzed by TLC and HPLC. The strain was identified as Pseudozyma churashimaensis, which could produce mannose and erythritol. The experiment of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation shows that strain K6 has strong emulsifying ability and the ability of degrading petroleum hydrocarbon. Strain K6, with the strong ability in producing biosurfactants and degrading petroleum, will have broad application prospects for bioremediation of petroleum contaminated environment.

Green innovation, government incentive and enterprise performance are explored from the perspective of game

The rapid development of economy brings serious environmental pollution problem. Green innovation, as the connection point between government environmental regulation measures and sustainable green development of enterprises, has become one of the important choices for the transformation and development of enterprises. Based on the classic model of “prisoner’s dilemma” in game theory, this paper deeply analyzes the relationship between green innovation and performance. It is found that it is easy to get into trouble if only relying on the spontaneous green innovation within the enterprise. Applying appropriate pressure outside the enterprise can promote the change of green innovation and bring long-term benefits to the enterprise.

The evaluation of the thermal storage electric heating load adjustability

In recent years, in order to solve the environmental pollution problem caused by coal-fired heating in the heating area of north of china, electric heating has received extensive attention and has gradually been developed vigorously. Considering the building characteristics, outdoor temperature, indoor comfort and other factors, the building heat load adjustability model is established, and the heat storage device's load adjustability model considering the current operating status and heat storage capacity of the heat storage device is established, and the two are added together An evaluation model of the adjustability of regenerative electric heating users' load is obtained. This model not only considers the user comfort and the adjustment potential of the building where it is located, but also considers the adjustment potential of the heat storage device, which can more comprehensively and accurately evaluate the user load adjustment potential of thermal storage electric heating.