scholarly journals Inoculating an Infodemic: An Ecological Approach to Understanding Engagement With COVID-19 Online Information

2021 ◽  
pp. 000276422110509
Author(s):  
Shandell Houlden ◽  
Jaigris Hodson ◽  
George Veletsianos ◽  
Christiani P. Thompson ◽  
Darren Reid
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
General Public ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Online Engagement ◽  
Use Context ◽  
Over Time

As the global COVID-19 pandemic has been concurrently labelled an “infodemic,” researchers have sought to improve how the general public engages with information that is relevant, timely, and accurate. In this study, we provide an overview of the reasons why people engage and disengage with COVID-19 information. We use context-rich semi-structured interviews which invited participants to discuss online COVID-19-related content they encountered. This qualitative approach allows us to uncover subtle but important details of influences that drive online engagement. Participants both engaged and disengaged with content for individual and social reasons, with seven themes emerging connected to their engagement including actions in response to information, reasoning for engagement, content, motivating concerns, frequency of engagement with information, site of exposure, and given reason for not engaging. Many of these themes intersected and informed each other. Our findings suggest that researchers and public health communicators should approach engagement as an ecology of intersecting influences, both human and algorithmic, which change over time. This information could be potentially helpful to public health communicators who are trying to engage the public with the best information to keep them safe during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Antibiotic Use and Resistance: Are Antibiotics the Dentists’ Anxiolytics?

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Julie Dormoy ◽  
Marc-Olivier Vuillemin ◽  
Silvia Rossi ◽  
Jean-Marc Boivin ◽  
Julie Guillet
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Public

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a global health crisis. The aim of this study was to explore dentists’ perceptions of antibiotic resistance. Methods: A qualitative method was used. Seventeen dentists practising in the Nancy (Lorraine, France) region were surveyed. They were general practitioners or specialised in oral surgery, implantology, or periodontology. The practitioners took part in semi-structured interviews between September 2019 and July 2020. All of the interviews were transcribed in full and analysed thematically. Results: Four major themes have been selected: attitudes of the dentists in regard to the guidelines, clinical factors that influence prescriptions, non-clinical factors that influence prescriptions, and the perception of antibiotic resistance. The dentists stated that they were very concerned regarding the public health issue of antibiotic resistance. However, they often prescribe according to their own interests and habits rather than according to the relevant guidelines. Conclusions: Although dentists are generally well aware of antibiotic resistance, they often do not adequately appreciate the link between their prescribing habits and the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance. Regular updating of practitioners’ knowledge in this regard is necessary, but patients and the general public should also be made more aware of the issue.

Nostalgia, the Fleeting, and the Rare in Chilean Relationships to Nature and Nonhuman Species

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Root-Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
The Public ◽  
Dominant Discourse ◽  
Mediterranean Habitat ◽  
Nonhuman Species ◽  
Over Time

Semi-structured interviews and participant observation were used to understand how urban Chileans form relationships with nature and nonhuman species in central Chile. Most informants expressed dislike of the typical mediterranean-habitat landscape, characterizing it as dry, poor, and empty. Yet many people expressed nostalgic attachment to specific places, species, and activities that they had experienced, often as children. Most of the reminisced-about interactions were fleeting or had been lost over time. In the dominant discourse, nature in the mediterranean zone of Chile is closely associated with poverty, and it is considered to lack beauty, biodiversity, culture, and history. Appeals to personal nostalgia may break through this discourse to form private assemblages of value. Chileans also attributed social value to interactions with species who are rare or who are found “exclusively” in Chile. Appeals to nostalgia, rarity, and exclusivity help to draw these private discourses into the public realm.

Online Opinion Leaders in the Health Promotion Digital Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-309
Author(s):  
Joyce Cheah Lynn-Sze ◽  
◽  
Azlina Kamaruddin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Opinion Leader ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public

Health opinion leaders have widely embraced social media for health promotion and public health communication which can make a strong influence on the public decision making. However, despite the growing relevance of public health threats such as infectious diseases, pandemic influenza and natural disasters, research has paid little attention to the qualities of opinion leaders. Moreover, there is limited evidence that public health organisations use social media appropriately to engage in meaningful conversations with audiences. Thus, the aims of the study are to describe principles of communication practised by online opinion leaders to promote health issues, to discuss the strategies of social media used, to explain the opinion leaders’ influence attributes in health decision making and finally to develop a model of online opinion leader in the contemporary health promotion era. Content analysis was conducted on Facebook postings of five selected health opinion leaders. In addition, semi-structured interviews with 10 followers were conducted. The findings of the study revealed that there are three principles of communication practised by online opinion leaders, which are language, interaction and themes. There are three strategies opinion leaders use to influence the public: social connectivity, social support and social consultation. Furthermore, there are five opinion leaders’ attributes that influence the public’s decision making, namely personality, authenticity, trust/credibility, professional knowledge and social position. The model would be beneficial in educating and guiding the current public health opinion leaders in order to establish health and social well-being. Keywords: Online opinion leader, online health communication, public health, two-step flow theory, decision making.

The experiences of maternity in front of hospitalization in high risk pregnances

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ciciliotti da Silva ◽  
B Heintze Ferreira ◽  
D Fraga Santos ◽  
F Fernandes ◽  
Bersot Magalhães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
High Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Prenatal Consultation ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Specialized Care

Abstract Introduction The pregnancy-puerperal cycle is defined as a moment that involves physical, psychological and social changes. There are pregnancies that require specialized care and attention due to the presence of risk factors that may be prior to pregnancy and / or that may be associated with the pregnancy condition itself, which characterize them as high-risk pregnancies. Currently, prenatal care with risk stratification is the main care strategy for pregnant women, once the risk classification is identified, it is possible to promote interventions according to the health needs of each pregnant woman. For this, the risk assessment is carried out at each prenatal consultation, so that, depending on the course of pregnancy, hospitalization becomes necessary. The diagnosis of high-risk pregnancies accompanied by hospitalization has impacts on the woman's life, such as loss of autonomy, a sense of failure and the incidence of greater care and interventions by the health team and the family that can configure practices to control their bodies. Objective This work aims to identify the hospitalization process during high-risk pregnancy as a space for the production of projects, resistance and protagonism through the protocols and regulations that configure the hospital context. Methodology This is an exploratory analysis of a qualitative approach in public health. A reference maternity hospital in high-risk pregnancy located in a teaching hospital in Greater Vitória was chosen. It will be used to define sampling for convenience. The data will be collected through semi-structured interviews and on-site observations by the researcher. The data analysis methodology used will be content analysis. Expected Results It is expected to understand the various practices of protagonism and resistance that permeate the care of hospitalized pregnant women. Key messages This work has an impact on the improvement of the maternal and child care network of the public health system in Brazil. This work allows to evaluate the quality of the assistance provided in the public maternity.

Examining the Knowledge, Awareness, and Perceptions of Palliative Care in the General Public Over Time: A Scoping Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 481-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Patel ◽  
Laura Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
General Public ◽  
The United States ◽  
Close Friend ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
Scoping Literature Review ◽  
Over Time

Background: The field of palliative care (PC) is growing as the world population ages and burden of chronic diseases increases. Thus, it is important that the general public is knowledgeable about PC and the benefits PC provides. Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the public’s knowledge, awareness, and perceptions of PC and determine whether these have changed over time. Methods: A scoping literature review was conducted from 1968 to May 2019 using PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases. Results: Thirteen studies met inclusion criteria that originated from the United States, Canada, Scotland, Italy, New Zealand, Ireland, United Kingdom, Korea, and Sweden between years 2003 and 2019. Participants were adults and mostly younger than 64 years, women, and Caucasian. The majority of studies reported the public having poor knowledge (7/9 articles) and awareness (4/6 articles) of PC over the past 16 years. Top characteristics associated with increased levels of knowledge and/or awareness of PC included women (6/8 articles), age 40+ (6/8 articles), experience with a close friend and/or relative requiring PC (4/8 articles), and working in health-care and/or PC (4/8 articles). The most common perceptions of PC were associated with patients who have terminal illnesses and end-of-life care. Participants commonly received information about PC from the media, having a close friend or relative requiring PC, and working in a health-care setting. Conclusions: The public has poor knowledge and awareness about PC and several misperceptions exist. These findings have remained constant over time despite growth in the field of PC, which highlights the strong need for focused educational interventions.

scholarly journals Moving equilibria in the public health care sector: A low-quality trap and a resolution

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Kara
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Policy Option ◽  
Health Care Sector ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Care Institutions ◽  
High Welfare ◽  
Over Time

This paper demonstrates the existence, in a particular subset of the Turkish public health care sector, of equilibria moving towards a low-quality trap over time. The dynamics of the movement in question hinges, in part, on the socially necessary but demographically asymmetric burden, on some public health care institutions, of providing affordable health care to certain sections of the population. The paper formulates a policy option that could help the sector to escape the trap, moving the sector towards high quality-high welfare equilibria.

scholarly journals Online Information on Electronic Cigarettes: Comparative Study of Relevant Websites From Baidu and Google Search Engines

10.2196/14725 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. e14725
Author(s):  
Ting Chen ◽  
Sarah Gentry ◽  
Dechao Qiu ◽  
Yan Deng ◽  
Caitlin Notley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Cigarette Advertising ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Google Search

Background Online information on electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) may influence people’s perception and use of e-cigarettes. Websites with information on e-cigarettes in the Chinese language have not been systematically assessed. Objective The aim of this study was to assess and compare the types and credibility of Web-based information on e-cigarettes identified from Google (in English) and Baidu (in Chinese) search engines. Methods We used the keywords vaping or e-cigarettes to conduct a search on Google and the equivalent Chinese characters for Baidu. The first 50 unique and relevant websites from each of the two search engines were included in this analysis. The main characteristics of the websites, credibility of the websites, and claims made on the included websites were systematically assessed and compared. Results Compared with websites on Google, more websites on Baidu were owned by manufacturers or retailers (15/50, 30% vs 33/50, 66%; P<.001). None of the Baidu websites, compared to 24% (12/50) of Google websites, were provided by public or health professional institutions. The Baidu websites were more likely to contain e-cigarette advertising (P<.001) and less likely to provide information on health education (P<.001). The overall credibility of the included Baidu websites was lower than that of the Google websites (P<.001). An age restriction warning was shown on all advertising websites from Google (15/15) but only on 10 of the 33 (30%) advertising websites from Baidu (P<.001). Conflicting or unclear health and social claims were common on the included websites. Conclusions Although conflicting or unclear claims on e-cigarettes were common on websites from both Baidu and Google search engines, there was a lack of online information from public health authorities in China. Unbiased information and evidence-based recommendations on e-cigarettes should be provided by public health authorities to help the public make informed decisions regarding the use of e-cigarettes.

scholarly journals The Economic, Climate Change and Public Health Edges of the Geopolitics of COVID-19: An Exploratory Bibliometric Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Pierre Doussoulin ◽  
Benoît Mougenot
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
General Public ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Academic World ◽  
Public Discussion ◽  
The Public ◽  
International Policies ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
Bibliometric Review

We are in the middle of the storm and this does not allow us to see clearly what is coming. This often generates partial analyses of the issues of the situation. Therefore, this manuscript attempts to generate an integral perspective on the issues of the crisis. This chapter proposes a discussion of the Coronavirus crisis following analysis and comparison of the most important outstanding conversations of general public health, economics and environmental issues. The objective of this chapter is to travel on the far side of the discussion of the articles presently planned within the academic world and that were analyzed within the bibliometric review, that consist of these three issues. This analysis that integrates these dimensions allows to give an additional prospective answer to the queries exposed by the COVID crisis, conjointly taking into consideration geopolitics as a forgotten dimension within the public discussion. Our paper helps to indicate the positions of every one of those ideas and enrich the literature on the environmental sciences and public health by providing analysis of the consequences of international policies.

scholarly journals PERILAKU SOSIAL WANITA RAWAN SOSIAL TERKAIT DENGAN NORMA, ETIKA DAN ESTETIKA LINGKUNGAN DI PRUMPUNG

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 54-67
Author(s):  
FITRIA PITRI FITRIA
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Environmental Aesthetics ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Economic Needs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This study aims to describe the views of the public towards Social Vulnerable Women (SVW) related to norms, ethics, and environmental aesthetics, orientation and patterns of education dissemination in the SVW family, as well as the impact of implementing education on reproductive prostitution for SVW children. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach. The subjects used in this study were four SVW families consisting of children who went to school and did not attend school as well as mothers who worked as SVW, residents living in the Prumpung area. The results of this study show that as migrants who worked as SVW in Prumpung, they were maintaining their behavior with local residents. Although the work they do is contrary to norms, ethics, and environmental aesthetics. As SVW all their lives, they want to get out of that dark life. Second, people's views on SVW's social behavior in Prumpung are related to the norms, ethics and environmental aesthetics of Prumpung. The community around the beginning did not like the presence of the SVW, but over time the people or natives finally accepted their existence. This is evidenced by the establishment of rented houses, restaurants and taxibike services to service SVW. Third, the factors that support SVW's social behavior related to norms, ethics and environmental aesthetics include increasing economic needs and the lack of education they have.

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