Revaluation of Australian palm residues in polypropylene composites: Statistical influence of fiber treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832096053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelle C Zanini ◽  
Rennan FS Barbosa ◽  
Alana G de Souza ◽  
Derval S Rosa ◽  
Daniella R Mulinari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Fiber Treatment ◽  
Fiber Matrix

Australian palm residues are generated by palm heart industry in large quantities and are considered an underused material with a composition rich in lignocellulosic structures. This residue is generally utilized as briquettes for energy or sheep feed; however, few works investigate this residue as composite fillers. This work aimed to revalue Australian palm residues (PR) by preparing polypropylene composites through melt mixing, using different fiber contents (0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 wt%), and evaluate the statistical influence of fibers (residues) alkali treatment (MPR) in composites mechanical properties. PR and MPR were evaluated by FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, and composites were assessed using thermal and mechanical analysis, in which ANOVA statistical analysis was applied. The residues addition increased the mechanical properties and their treatment enhanced the stiffness of the composites compared to pristine PP. However, ANOVA demonstrated that at low residues contents, surface treatment does not increase fiber-matrix interactions effectively, then tensile properties were statistically similar to PP. Considering tensile properties, 20% MPR showed statistically distinct properties, with significative enhancements; no filler contents dependence was verified. Flexural properties were more sensitive to residue loading, and composites with 30% PR and MPR presented superior mechanical performance. This difference is associated with a higher sensitivity of tensile stress towards fiber-matrix interactions, which was improved with fiber treatment. Also, the residues content and treatment influenced the composites' thermal stability, with better results for PP-MPR. Results indicate that palm residue is an excellent filler for improving composites' thermal and mechanical properties, with a greener character.

scholarly journals Improvement of Mechanical Properties of Noil Hemp Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites by Resin Modification and Fiber Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zili Yan ◽  
Jianchun Zhang ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Interfacial Bonding ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Hydrophobically Modified ◽  
Fiber Treatment ◽  
Fibre Treatment ◽  
Adhesion Factor

The present study aims to improve the reinforcement of hemp fibre to polypropylene (PP) by simple resin modification and fibre treatment. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was used as resin modifier by direct mixing with PP, and hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC) was used as fibre treatment reagent by immersing fibre into its aqueous solution. The influences of fibre content, resin modification, and fibre treatment on the mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and impact strengths) of composites were investigated. The change of interfacial bonding between fibre and resin in composites caused by MAPP and HMHEC was studied by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic mechanical analysis. Resin modification and fibre treatment were effective to enhance the mechanical properties of the composites. The improvement in interfacial bonding is quantitatively evaluated with adhesion factor.

Enhancement of the Mechanical Properties of PEBAX Graphene Nanocomposite Using Supercritical Fluid Assisted Extrusion Polymer Processing Technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 883 ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nireeksha Karode ◽  
Laurence Fitzhenry ◽  
Siobhán Matthews ◽  
Philip Walsh ◽  
Austin Coffey
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Polymer Processing ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites ◽  
Mechanical Tensile ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

Medical tubing used in minimally invasive devices presents a number of design considerations depending on the material used, design requirements (such as sufficient stiffness, flexibility and biocompatibility) and processing conditions. Currently, manufacturing industries adopt co-extrusion systems to meet design specifications, by using multilayer configuration leading to higher cost per device and increased complexity. This paper investigates the mechanical performance of nanocomposites using supercritical carbon dioxide assisted polymer processing technique. The use of innovative medical compounds such as PEBAX graphene nanocomposites have resulted in measurable improvements in mechanical properties. This study also presents the effect of supercritical carbon dioxide on the mechanical and physical properties of the polymer matrix. The mechanical properties have been investigated using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and mechanical tensile test, where sufficient reinforcement was observed depending on the composition of graphene within PEBAX matrix. ATR-FTIR was used to further analyze the effect of supercritical carbon dioxide and interactions within the polymer composite matrix.

scholarly journals On the Use of Biobased Waxes to Tune Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polyhydroxyalkanoates–Bran Biocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2615
Author(s):  
Vito Gigante ◽  
Patrizia Cinelli ◽  
Maria Cristina Righetti ◽  
Marco Sandroni ◽  
Giovanni Polacco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Polymeric Matrix ◽  
Flour Milling ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Analytic Models

In this work, processability and mechanical performances of bio-composites based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) containing 5, 10, and 15 wt % of bran fibers, untreated and treated with natural carnauba and bee waxes were evaluated. Wheat bran, the main byproduct of flour milling, was used as filler to reduce the final cost of the PHBV-based composites and, in the same time, to find a potential valorization to this agro-food by-product, widely available at low cost. The results showed that the wheat bran powder did not act as reinforcement, but as filler for PHBV, due to an unfavorable aspect ratio of the particles and poor adhesion with the polymeric matrix, with consequent moderate loss in mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break). The surface treatment of the wheat bran particles with waxes, and in particular with beeswax, was found to improve the mechanical performance in terms of tensile properties and impact resistance of the composites, enhancing the adhesion between the PHBV-based polymeric matrix and the bran fibers, as confirmed by predictive analytic models and dynamic mechanical analysis results.

Enhancement of mechanical properties of composites made of calcium carbonate modified bamboo fibers and polypropylene

Holzforschung ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Cheng ◽  
Jie Gao ◽  
Ge Wang ◽  
Sheldon Q. Shi ◽  
Shuangbao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Fiber Treatment ◽  
Bamboo Fibers ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Abstract The work aimed at the improvement of the mechanical properties of bamboo fiber-polypropylene composites (BaFPPC) by treatment of the fibers with CaCO3 at various concentrations of the solution (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mol l-1). CaCO3 particles were successfully deposited in situ to bamboo fibers by means of ionic reaction of Na2 CO3 and CaCl2 aqueous solution at various temperatures. Then BaFPPC were produced, and various tests on single fibers and the composites were performed. The compatibility between BaF and PP matrix was improved by the treatments. The crystallinity of inorganic materials was significantly affected by the reagent’s concentration. A 10.4% increase in tensile strength and a 16.7% increase in tensile modulus were observed after fiber treatment with CaCO3 at a concentration of 0.2 mol l-1.

Poly(Butylene Succinate) Composites Reinforced with Short Sisal Fibres

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Shibata ◽  
Retsu Makino ◽  
Ryutoku Yosomiya ◽  
Hiroyuku Takeishi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Sisal Fibre ◽  
The Matrix

Poly(butylene succinate) composites reinforced with short sisal fibre were prepared by melt mixing and subsequent injection moulding. The influence of fibre length, fibre content and the surface treatment of the natural fibres on the mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated. Regarding fibre length, the tensile and flexural properties of the composites had maxima at a fibre length of about 5 mm. The flexural and tensile moduli of the composites increased with increasing fibre content. Although the tensile strength hardly changed, the flexural strength increased up to a fibre content of 10 wt%. The dynamic mechanical analysis of the composites showed that the storage moduli at above ca.-16°C (corresponding to the glass transition temperature of the matrix) increased with increasing fibre content.

scholarly journals The Influence of Sub-Zero Conditions on the Mechanical Properties of Polylactide-Based Composites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5789
Author(s):  
Olga Mysiukiewicz ◽  
Mateusz Barczewski ◽  
Arkadiusz Kloziński
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Linseed Cake ◽  
Static Mechanical

Polylactide-based composites filled with waste fillers due to their sustainability are a subject of many current papers, in which their structural, mechanical, and thermal properties are evaluated. However, few studies focus on their behavior in low temperatures. In this paper, dynamic and quasi-static mechanical properties of polylactide-based composites filled with 10 wt% of linseed cake (a by-product of mechanical oil extraction from linseed) were evaluated at room temperature and at −40 °C by means of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), Charpy’s impact strength test and uniaxial tensile test. It was found that the effect of plasticization provided by the oil contained in the filler at room temperature is significantly reduced in sub-zero conditions due to solidification of the oil around −18 °C, as it was shown by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and DMA, but the overall mechanical performance of the polylactide-based composites was sufficient to enable their use in low-temperature applications.

PLA-coated sisal fibre-reinforced polyester composite: Water absorption, static and dynamic mechanical properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Gupta ◽  
Rohit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Static Properties ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Sisal Fibre ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical

In the present work, a novel physical treatment (PLA coating) of sisal fibres and its influence on the water absorption, static and dynamic mechanical properties of its composites has been presented. The treated sisal fibres were used consisted of alkali treatment and PLA coating to fabricate its polyester-based composites by hand lay-up technique keeping constant fibres content as 20 wt.% . Water absorption analysis was carried out in terms of water uptake (%), and sorption, diffusion and permeability coefficient. In addition, static properties were examined in terms of tensile, flexural and impact test, and dynamic mechanical analysis was performed in terms of storage modulus [Formula: see text], loss modulus [Formula: see text], damping [Formula: see text] and glass transition temperature [Formula: see text]. It was reported that the PLA-coated sisal composites showed the best performance in water absorption, mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties than pure sisal and alkali-treated sisal composites. There were 33%, 49%, 48%, and 27% improvement in water resistance, tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength, respectively, of PLA-coated sisal composites as compared to that of pure sisal composite.

Characterization of polypropylene composites reinforced with flax fibers treated by mechanical and alkali methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Hu ◽  
Minh-Tan Ton-That ◽  
Johanne Denault ◽  
Christian Belanger
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Flax Fibers ◽  
Fiber Separation ◽  
As Stress

AbstractFlax is a type of natural fiber widely used as reinforcing materials for polymer composites. The commercially available flax fibers in Canada consist of a significant amount of shive and other impurities, which could act as stress concentration regions to negatively affect the mechanical property of composites. In this study, the shive was manually removed from the commercial flax fibers by screening and combing to obtain different shive contents from 0 to 30 wt%. By contrast, the obtained flax fibers were further treated with alkaline solution. The fibers obtained from mechanical and alkali treatment were compared on their thermal and mechanical properties. As expected, it was found that the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the flax reinforced polypropylene composites increased significantly with the removal of the shive content. However, the alkali treatment on flax fiber did not further improve the composites properties. The possible reason was that the proper mechanical treatment (screening and combing) prior to alkaline treatment effectively loosened the fiber bundles for better single fiber separation in matrix and significantly removed the impurities, thus the effect of alkaline treatment did not become obvious.

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