scholarly journals On the Use of Biobased Waxes to Tune Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polyhydroxyalkanoates–Bran Biocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2615
Author(s):  
Vito Gigante ◽  
Patrizia Cinelli ◽  
Maria Cristina Righetti ◽  
Marco Sandroni ◽  
Giovanni Polacco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Polymeric Matrix ◽  
Flour Milling ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Analytic Models

In this work, processability and mechanical performances of bio-composites based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) containing 5, 10, and 15 wt % of bran fibers, untreated and treated with natural carnauba and bee waxes were evaluated. Wheat bran, the main byproduct of flour milling, was used as filler to reduce the final cost of the PHBV-based composites and, in the same time, to find a potential valorization to this agro-food by-product, widely available at low cost. The results showed that the wheat bran powder did not act as reinforcement, but as filler for PHBV, due to an unfavorable aspect ratio of the particles and poor adhesion with the polymeric matrix, with consequent moderate loss in mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break). The surface treatment of the wheat bran particles with waxes, and in particular with beeswax, was found to improve the mechanical performance in terms of tensile properties and impact resistance of the composites, enhancing the adhesion between the PHBV-based polymeric matrix and the bran fibers, as confirmed by predictive analytic models and dynamic mechanical analysis results.

scholarly journals Leather Waste to Enhance Mechanical Performance of High-Density Polyethylene

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eylem Kiliç ◽  
Quim Tarrés ◽  
Marc Delgado-Aguilar ◽  
Xavier Espinach ◽  
Pere Fullana-i-Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
High Density ◽  
Polyethylene Matrix ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
High Impact Strength

Leather buffing dust (BF) is a waste from tannery which is usually disposed on landfills. The interest in using wastes as fillers or reinforcements for composites has raised recently due to environmental concerns. This study investigates the potential use of BF waste as filler for a high density polyethylene matrix (HDPE). A series of HDPE-BF composites, containing filler concentrations ranging from 20 to 50wt%, were formulated, injection molded and tested. The effect of filler contents on the mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated and discussed. Composites with BF contents up to 30wt% improved the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the matrix, achieving similar mechanical properties to polypropylene (PP). In the case of flexural strength, it was found to be proportionally enhanced by increasing reinforcement content, maintaining high impact strength. These composites present great opportunities for PP application areas that require higher impact resistance. The materials were submitted to a series of closed-loop recycling cycles in order to assess their recyclability, being able to maintain better tensile strength than virgin HDPE after 5 cycles. The study develops new low-cost and sustainable composites by using a waste as composite filler.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Filled with Foundry Waste Derived Fillers

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Xie ◽  
Fajun Wang ◽  
Chan Xie ◽  
Sheng Lei ◽  
Shijin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dry Mixing ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
High Level ◽  
Wet Grip

The main aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of applying foundry dust (FD) derived filler for the preparation of natural rubber (NR) based composites by characterizing the mechanical properties. The as-received FD was processed via a simple and low-cost procedure, including sieving, deironing and milling using a variety of industrial equipment. FD powders before and after silane coupling agent (Si 69) modification were used as fillers for NR. NR composites inserted with different content of modified and unmodified FD up to 50 phr were prepared via dry-mixing method. Then, comprehensive mechanical performances were performed on the corresponding vulcanizates. It was demonstrated that NR composite filled with 50 phr of modified FD exhibited optimized comprehensive mechanical performance. Tear strength and hardness is increased by 21.3% and 12.8% than pure NR, respectively. Tensile strength is reduced by 21% and elongation at break remained nearly unchanged. Additionally, the composite showed a large increment of 50.9% for its wet grip property, while exhibited an increment of only 11.9% for its rolling resistance in comparison with the composite containing 10 phr of FD. The findings of this study may provide a new application area for the large amounts of utilization of foundry waste with a high level of value being added.

scholarly journals Effect of SWCNT-Tuball Paper on the Lightning Strike Protection of CFRPs and Their Selected Mechanical Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3140
Author(s):  
Kamil Dydek ◽  
Anna Boczkowska ◽  
Rafał Kozera ◽  
Paweł Durałek ◽  
Łukasz Sarniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Copper Foil ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
The Impact

The main aim of this work was the investigation of the possibility of replacing the heavy metallic meshes applied onto the composite structure in airplanes for lightning strike protection with a thin film of Tuball single-wall carbon nanotubes in the form of ultra-light, conductive paper. The Tuball paper studied contained 75 wt% or 90 wt% of carbon nanotubes and was applied on the top of carbon fibre reinforced polymer before fabrication of flat panels. First, the electrical conductivity, impact resistance and thermo-mechanical properties of modified laminates were measured and compared with the reference values. Then, flat panels with selected Tuball paper, expanded copper foil and reference panels were fabricated for lightning strike tests. The effectiveness of lightning strike protection was evaluated by using the ultrasonic phased-array technique. It was found that the introduction of Tuball paper on the laminates surface improved both the surface and the volume electrical conductivity by 8800% and 300%, respectively. The impact resistance was tested in two directions, perpendicular and parallel to the carbon fibres, and the values increased by 9.8% and 44%, respectively. The dynamic thermo-mechanical analysis showed higher stiffness and a slight increase in glass transition temperature of the modified laminates. Ultrasonic investigation after lightning strike tests showed that the effectiveness of Tuball paper is comparable to expanded copper foil.

Enhancement of the Mechanical Properties of PEBAX Graphene Nanocomposite Using Supercritical Fluid Assisted Extrusion Polymer Processing Technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 883 ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nireeksha Karode ◽  
Laurence Fitzhenry ◽  
Siobhán Matthews ◽  
Philip Walsh ◽  
Austin Coffey
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Polymer Processing ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites ◽  
Mechanical Tensile ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

Medical tubing used in minimally invasive devices presents a number of design considerations depending on the material used, design requirements (such as sufficient stiffness, flexibility and biocompatibility) and processing conditions. Currently, manufacturing industries adopt co-extrusion systems to meet design specifications, by using multilayer configuration leading to higher cost per device and increased complexity. This paper investigates the mechanical performance of nanocomposites using supercritical carbon dioxide assisted polymer processing technique. The use of innovative medical compounds such as PEBAX graphene nanocomposites have resulted in measurable improvements in mechanical properties. This study also presents the effect of supercritical carbon dioxide on the mechanical and physical properties of the polymer matrix. The mechanical properties have been investigated using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and mechanical tensile test, where sufficient reinforcement was observed depending on the composition of graphene within PEBAX matrix. ATR-FTIR was used to further analyze the effect of supercritical carbon dioxide and interactions within the polymer composite matrix.

Mechanical Properties of ABS Embedded with Basalt Fiber Fillers

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman M. M. Abdelhaleem ◽  
Mohammed Y. Abdellah ◽  
Hesham I. Fathi ◽  
Montasser Dewidar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Notched Strength ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Plastic Injection

AbstractAcrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) has great verity applications in aerospace and automobiles industries. Mechanical strength of the ABS is superior to even that of impact resistant polystyrene. In addition metallic coatings can be applied to the surface of ABS moldings. The main aim of the present work is to investigate the mechanical properties of additives of basalt fibers (BF) to ABS with (5, 10, and 15) wt% embedded into the polymer matrix by using plastic injection molding technique. This new perceptions has been done on basalt fibers that have a potential low cost with its good mechanical performance. The ultimate tensile strength that obtained from the composite with 15 wt% is 56.67 MPa with 40.52 % increase value than neat ABS, Young’s modulus gradually increases with increasing the amount of additives. Impact un-notched strength decreases with a reported increment of 24.617 KJ.m–2. A Rockwell hardness test is also used and with the increases of additives the amount of hardness of the composite increases. A scan electron microscopy (SEM) on the fracture surface is captured to check the morphologies structure of the composite comparable with a neat ABS. and it is showed a very good distribution and bonding of the B.F. with the pure ABS. As well as the cost of the ABS and BF is reduced by a percentage of 15 %.

Revaluation of Australian palm residues in polypropylene composites: Statistical influence of fiber treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832096053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelle C Zanini ◽  
Rennan FS Barbosa ◽  
Alana G de Souza ◽  
Derval S Rosa ◽  
Daniella R Mulinari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Fiber Treatment ◽  
Fiber Matrix

Australian palm residues are generated by palm heart industry in large quantities and are considered an underused material with a composition rich in lignocellulosic structures. This residue is generally utilized as briquettes for energy or sheep feed; however, few works investigate this residue as composite fillers. This work aimed to revalue Australian palm residues (PR) by preparing polypropylene composites through melt mixing, using different fiber contents (0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 wt%), and evaluate the statistical influence of fibers (residues) alkali treatment (MPR) in composites mechanical properties. PR and MPR were evaluated by FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, and composites were assessed using thermal and mechanical analysis, in which ANOVA statistical analysis was applied. The residues addition increased the mechanical properties and their treatment enhanced the stiffness of the composites compared to pristine PP. However, ANOVA demonstrated that at low residues contents, surface treatment does not increase fiber-matrix interactions effectively, then tensile properties were statistically similar to PP. Considering tensile properties, 20% MPR showed statistically distinct properties, with significative enhancements; no filler contents dependence was verified. Flexural properties were more sensitive to residue loading, and composites with 30% PR and MPR presented superior mechanical performance. This difference is associated with a higher sensitivity of tensile stress towards fiber-matrix interactions, which was improved with fiber treatment. Also, the residues content and treatment influenced the composites' thermal stability, with better results for PP-MPR. Results indicate that palm residue is an excellent filler for improving composites' thermal and mechanical properties, with a greener character.

scholarly journals The Influence of Sub-Zero Conditions on the Mechanical Properties of Polylactide-Based Composites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5789
Author(s):  
Olga Mysiukiewicz ◽  
Mateusz Barczewski ◽  
Arkadiusz Kloziński
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Linseed Cake ◽  
Static Mechanical

Polylactide-based composites filled with waste fillers due to their sustainability are a subject of many current papers, in which their structural, mechanical, and thermal properties are evaluated. However, few studies focus on their behavior in low temperatures. In this paper, dynamic and quasi-static mechanical properties of polylactide-based composites filled with 10 wt% of linseed cake (a by-product of mechanical oil extraction from linseed) were evaluated at room temperature and at −40 °C by means of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), Charpy’s impact strength test and uniaxial tensile test. It was found that the effect of plasticization provided by the oil contained in the filler at room temperature is significantly reduced in sub-zero conditions due to solidification of the oil around −18 °C, as it was shown by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and DMA, but the overall mechanical performance of the polylactide-based composites was sufficient to enable their use in low-temperature applications.

scholarly journals Fabrication Technique for Bio-Composite Patch Repair on Laminated Structures of CFRP Plate

2014 ◽  
Vol 564 ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K.H. Muda ◽  
Faizal Mustapha ◽  
K.D. Mohd Aris ◽  
Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Patch Repair ◽  
Fabrication Technique ◽  
Composite Surface ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Laminated Structures

Laminated structures are assembled so that the fibre orientation provides most of desired mechanical properties and the matrix largely determines the environmental performance. Composites laminate structures are used in a wide range of applications in aerospace, marine, automotive, surface transport and sports equipment markets. Damage to composite components is not always visible to the naked eye and the extent of damage is best determined for structural components by suitable Non Destructive Test (NDT) methods. Alternatively the damaged areas can be located by simply tapping the composite surface and listening to the sound. The damaged areas give a dull response to the tapping, and the boundary between the good and damaged composite can easily be mapped to identify the area for repair. Awareness of and inspection for composite damage should be included in the regular maintenance schedules for composite structures. Particular attention would be made to areas which are more prone to damage. The repair can be done by using composite itself or bio-composite. Bio-composite is a reinforcement of natural fibre such as plant and a material that formed by matrix or resin. Then repairs to aircraft structures are controlled and should be carried out according to the Aircraft Structural Repair Manual (SRM). For other applications the repaired components would normally be expected to meet the original specifications and mechanical performance requirements. This paper presents the fabrication technique including patch repair by using bio-composite which is kenaf and its aim to give a general approach to composite fabrication on patch repair in all applications. Through the described approach, the life of the structure is expanded and met the properties requirements such as low cost, fairly good mechanical properties, high specific strength, non-abrasive, eco-friendly and bio-degradability characteristics.

Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 1103-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Xin Yang ◽  
Jie Lian
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Better Than

In this paper, mechanical performances of 480 specimens are tested and influences of basalt fiber ratio, slenderness, soakage material are studied. Results indicate that mechanical properties of BFRC are better than plain concrete. It can be found that the best mechanical performance may be get when the basalt fiber soaked by water-solubility material and its ratio at 8.4 to 14 kg per square meter as well as slenderness at 600 to 800.

scholarly journals Mechanical Performances of Isolated Cuticles Along Tomato Fruit Growth and Ripening

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
José J. Benítez ◽  
Susana Guzmán-Puyol ◽  
Francisco Vilaplana ◽  
José A. Heredia-Guerrero ◽  
Eva Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Loss And Damage ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Cooperative Association

The cuticle is the most external layer that protects fruits from the environment and constitutes the first shield against physical impacts. The preservation of its mechanical integrity is essential to avoid the access to epidermal cell walls and to prevent mass loss and damage that affect the commercial quality of fruits. The rheology of the cuticle is also very important to respond to the size modification along fruit growth and to regulate the diffusion of molecules from and toward the atmosphere. The mechanical performance of cuticles is regulated by the amount and assembly of its components (mainly cutin, polysaccharides, and waxes). In tomato fruit cuticles, phenolics, a minor cuticle component, have been found to have a strong influence on their mechanical behavior. To fully characterize the biomechanics of tomato fruit cuticle, transient creep, uniaxial tests, and multi strain dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements have been carried out. Two well-differentiated stages have been identified. At early stages of growth, characterized by a low phenolic content, the cuticle displays a soft elastic behavior. Upon increased phenolic accumulation during ripening, a progressive stiffening is observed. The increment of viscoelasticity in ripe fruit cuticles has also been associated with the presence of these compounds. The transition from the soft elastic to the more rigid viscoelastic regime can be explained by the cooperative association of phenolics with both the cutin and the polysaccharide fractions.

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