scholarly journals Age Cohort Variation in Drinking Among People With Physical Impairments: Politically Oriented Coping in the Wake of the Great Recession

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-478
Author(s):  
Judith A. Richman ◽  
Robyn Lewis Brown ◽  
Kathleen M. Rospenda
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Physical Impairments ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
Age Cohort

People with physical impairments are at greater risk of economic hardship and more alcohol-related problems compared with the general population. We address age cohort differences in modes of coping with economic adversity and the extent to which modes of coping explain the relationships between age cohort membership and drinking outcomes among people with physical impairments. One hundred seventy six respondents with physical impairments derived from a national sample completed a mail survey. Using structural equation model (SEM), we demonstrate that members of the Generation X age cohort manifest higher levels of alcohol consumption and problem-related drinking compared with baby boomers due to their lesser tendency to engage in politically oriented coping to deal with economic adversity. Within the context of social movements contesting the disadvantaged social status of people with disabilities, the Generation X age cohort manifests both more limited political engagement and higher levels of alcohol consumption and problem-related drinking among people with physical impairments.

Psychographic Profiling of Adult Tobacco Users and Implications for Mediated Message Tailoring

2020 ◽  
pp. 089011712096719
Author(s):  
Danielle A. Duarte ◽  
Kelvin Choi
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Message Tailoring ◽  
Product Use

Purpose: To investigate variations of psychographic profiles in adult tobacco users to inform message tailoring. Design: A cross-sectional design used data from the Simmons 2015 National Consumer Study. Setting: Data were voluntarily provided by US families through a mail survey on media, products, and services, brands, and attitudes. Subjects: US adult tobacco users (N = 4,609). Measures: Participants answered questions about general opinion/attitudes and provided demographic and tobacco use information. Analysis: A factor analysis was conducted to determine the “best” latent psychographic factor structure based on model fit, factor loadings, and interpretability. A structural equation model was then applied to assess the associations between demographics, tobacco product use, and latent psychographic factors. Results: We identified 9 latent psychographic factors: (1) helplessness, (2) happiness, (3) achievements, (4) religion, (5) interest in art and culture, (6) conscience, (7) conformity, (8) family indulgence, and (9) creativity. Endorsement of these factors varied by demographics and tobacco product use. E.g. low income tobacco users showed stronger endorsement for “helplessness” (Adjusted Standardized Regression Coefficient [ASRC]: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.33, 0.51) and “religion” (ASRC: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.33). Less educated tobacco users showed stronger endorsement for “conformity” (ASRC: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.24). Young adults had significant positive associations for “achievements” (ASRC: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.67). Conclusion: Psychographic profiles of tobacco users vary by demographics and product use. Tailored anti-tobacco media campaigns to specific disparity groups matching their psychographic profiles may improve message effectiveness and reduce tobacco use disparities.

Complexity of homeowner wildfire risk mitigation: an integration of hazard theories

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonita L. McFarlane ◽  
Tara K. McGee ◽  
Hilary Faulkner
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Threat Assessment ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Wildfire Management ◽  
Wildfire Risk

Each year wildfire affects communities in Canada, resulting in evacuations and, in some cases, loss of homes. Several Canadian wildfire management agencies have initiated mitigation programs aimed at reducing wildfire risk. Successful wildfire mitigation involves both community-level and homeowner action. This paper examines factors that influence wildfire mitigation by homeowners. We draw upon the general hazards and wildfire management literature to develop and test a theoretical model for homeowner wildfire mitigation that includes perceived risk, an evaluation of threat significance and the influence of perceived costs and benefits of mitigation. We used a mail survey to collect data from 1265 residents in six interface communities in the province of Alberta. Results showed a high level of completion for most mitigation activities. A structural equation model provided support for the hypothesis that the evaluation of threat involves weighing the negative effects of mitigation on homeowners’ feelings of connectedness to nature and the cost of mitigation with the positive influences of fear, a sense of responsibility and perceived effectiveness of mitigation. Considering the total effects, threat assessment had the greatest effect on mitigation by homeowners, followed by perceived effectiveness of mitigation in reducing damage and not having financial resources for mitigation.

Marketing capabilities and firm performance in fashion retailing

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marguerite Moore ◽  
Ann Fairhurst
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Marketing Capabilities ◽  
Marketing Capability ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Short Product

Intense competition and short product life cycles in fashion retailing present a number of marketing challenges for retail firms in both the USA and abroad. In order to survive in this industry, it is vital for participants to develop and leverage core marketing capabilities. The current study examines the effectiveness of different marketing capability factors in a cross‐section of the US specialty apparel and footwear retailing sector (n = 60 retail firms). Data were collected from marketing executives in a national mail survey. Specifically, marketing capabilities in image differentiation, promotions, external‐market knowledge and customer service are examined for their impact on firm level performance. A two‐stage structural equation model is used to test the study’s hypotheses. Results suggest that the most effective marketing capabilities, in terms of performance, are image differentiation and promotional capability.

scholarly journals Understanding the Generation Z Behavior on D-Learning: A Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (05) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satria Fadil Persada ◽  
Bobby Ardiansyah Miraja ◽  
Reny Nadlifatin
Keyword(s):  
Generation X ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
College Education ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Behavior Intention ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Positive Correlations

The present research explores how the young people maximize their potential in learning based on their generation. The Generation Z is considered as the generation that is still in high school and college education, which made this generation dominated by internet of things. This research is needed to be conducted to minimize the gap between Generation X and Y as the teacher or content providers and Generation Z as the students. A measurement of Generation Z in accepting the technology on learning is conducted by using a behavioral model, namely a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). A confirmatory factor analysis with structural equation model was conducted, and sampling of Generation Z respondents was performed. The total of 150 respondents’ data was analyzed. The result shows that most of the measured variables have the significant and positive correlations. Facilitation condition factor is explored to be the most dominated factor to affect the Generation Z behavior intention. Several practical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Generation Y’s Perception of Servant Leadership and Job Satisfaction

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Hurriyet Bilge ◽  
Florina Oana Virlanuta ◽  
Deniz Zungun ◽  
Nicoleta Barbuta-Misu ◽  
Pinar Comuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Personal Success

Generation Y wants to know the reason for everything in their lives, they are curious and most importantly, their characteristic of questioning everything makes them stand out. At the same time, it is hard to influence their characteristic features such as their lack of social skills, little respect for authority, and low level of commitment to their employers when Generation X management tactics are used. The purpose of this study is to better understand Generation Y, to examine their relations with servant leadership practices, and to determine what effects they have on businesses. The field study was made at an established organized industrial zone (OIZ) dating back to 1963. This OIZ is built on an area bigger than 10 million m2 and is divided into 5 subzones. It is currently home to 53,500 employees, has a gross foreign trade volume of $7,200,000,000 and is located in the western Aegean Region of Turkey. The data for the study was collected from 248 participants and scales tested for validity and reliability in Turkish. A model was developed using the data and then it was tested using the confirmatory factor analysis method. The study used Structural Equation Model (SEM) to define the causal relationships between latent variables with a model in the analysis of the data and test its compliance. The result of the analysis reveals that dimensions of accountability and forgiveness from servant leadership practices have a statistically significant effect on personal success, whereas empowerment, accountability, and personal success dimensions have statistically significant effects on job satisfaction. Modesty dimension does not have a significant effect on the personal success and job satisfaction and the dimensions of accountability and forgiveness do not have a significant effect on job satisfaction. In addition, empowerment dimension does not have a meaningful effect on personal success. There is need for more studies to support the accuracy of the result for modesty dimension, since it seems like there is no effect on personal success and job satisfaction. This is a pioneer study since it is an empirical one looking at the application of the servant leadership theory on Generation Y employees.

Why Have Sleep Problems in Later-Midlife Grown Following the Great Recession? A Comparative Cohort Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Bierman
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
Cohort Change ◽  
Retirement Study

Abstract Objectives This research compares three cohorts of individuals in their fifth decade of life and examines whether sleep problems are greater in cohorts following the Great Recession. We argue that these differences will occur because postrecession cohorts are exposed to more economic burdens that harm sleep. We also suggest that postrecession exposure to economic burdens will be amplified among women, leading to greater cross-cohort differences in sleep problems. Method Data were derived from the Health and Retirement Study, focusing on cohort surveys starting in 2004, 2010, and 2016 (N = 12,129). Structural equation models compared cohorts in latent levels of sleep problems and also examined whether economic burdens mediated cohort differences. Interactions tested whether cohort differences varied between men and women. Results The 2010 and 2016 cohorts had higher mean levels of sleep problems than the 2004 cohort. Greater postrecession exposure to economic burdens largely explained inter-cohort change in sleep problems, with this pattern stronger among women. Discussion Americans are approaching their senior years increasingly burdened by economic stressors that incur sleep problems. Practitioners and aging researchers should be prepared to address deleterious health consequences created by heightened sleep impairments.

Role of Self-control and Money Attitude in Personal Financial Planning

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 362-366
Author(s):  
Mousumi Singha Mahapatra ◽  
Ram Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Financial Planning ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Money Attitude ◽  
Personal Financial Planning

Having a suitable financial plan to take care of present and future financial needs as well as to balance day to day expenditure and savings is considered indispensable given the increased complexity and attention that the investment space taken in the recent times. Appreciating that there is a definitive role of intrinsic elements which can bring about a discipline to engage in the process or personal financial planning, the present study has the objective of understanding the role of self-control and money attitude in impacting personal financial planning. Considering a national sample of salaried individuals, the study has measured and collected data on self-control, money attitude and personal financial planning. Apart from conducting exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis establishes a measurement model with satisfactory fit indices. Further, structural equation model exemplifies the positive a strong influence of self-control and money attitude on personal financial planning in presence of demographic factors viz. gender, age, education, income, job and marital status as control variables. The implications for investors, finance professional and academicians are discussed.

scholarly journals Resilience, coping, and distress among healthcare service personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Elliott ◽  
Paul B. Perrin ◽  
Anne-Stuart Bell ◽  
Mark B. Powers ◽  
Ann Marie Warren
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Doctoral Level ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has a detrimental effect on the health and well-being of health care workers (HCWs). The extent to which HCWs may differ in their experience of depression and anxiety is unclear, and longitudinal studies are lacking. The present study examined theorized differences in distress between resilient and non-resilient HCWs over time, as reported in a national online survey. We also examined possible differences in distress as a function of sex and doctoral-level status. Methods A national sample responded to an online survey data that included the study measures. Of the HCWs who responded, 666 had useable data at the two time points. A longitudinal structural equation model tested an a priori model that specified the relationship of a resilient personality prototype to self-reported resilience, coping, depression and anxiety at both measurement occasions. Additional invariance models examined possible differences by sex and doctoral-level status. Results The final model explained 46.4% of the variance in psychological distress at Time 1 and 69.1% at Time 2. A non-resilient personality prototype predicted greater depression and anxiety. A resilient personality prototype was predictive of and operated through self-reported resilience and less disengaged coping to effect lower distress. No effects were found for active coping, however. The final model was generally invariant by sex and HCWs status. Additional analyses revealed that non-doctoral level HCWs had significantly higher depression and anxiety than doctoral-level HCWs on both occasions. Conclusions HCWs differ in their susceptibility to distress imposed by COVID-19. Those who are particularly vulnerable may have characteristics that contribute to a lower sense of confidence and efficacy in stressful situations, and more likely to rely on ineffective, disengaged coping behaviors that can exacerbate stress levels. Individual interventions and institutional policies may be implemented to support HCWs at risk.

Risk perception, trust and support for wildlife reintroduction and conservation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cristina E Watkins ◽  
Neelam C Poudyal ◽  
Robert E Jones ◽  
Lisa I Muller ◽  
Donald G Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Resident Attitudes ◽  
The North ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Cognitive Hierarchy

Summary Wildlife reintroduction projects often face resistance from local residents who see potential conflicts with the species or lack trust or confidence in the agencies and professionals involved in reintroduction. Yet the linkages between trust, confidence, risk perceptions, attitudes towards the species and local support for its reintroduction are not well known. The Dual-Mode Model of Cooperation and Cognitive Hierarchy Model were theoretical frameworks used to shed light on these linkages by exploring the potential roles trust and confidence play as mediators between risk perceptions and attitudes towards, and support for, reintroduced elk in Tennessee (USA). A mail survey of 1005 residents living in the five-county area surrounding the North Cumberland Elk Restoration Zone assessed resident attitudes and risk perceptions towards the reintroduced elk, trust towards the managing wildlife agency and support for continued conservation efforts. A structural equation model revealed that trust and confidence play positive roles in mitigating risk perceptions and improving support for the reintroduction of elk. The findings confirm the roles public trust and confidence play in wildlife reintroductions and should help agencies work towards building local trust and confidence, minimizing risks, improving attitudes and increasing the chances for successful outcomes for the species and people.

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