scholarly journals PREPARE: guidelines for planning animal research and testing

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian J Smith ◽  
R Eddie Clutton ◽  
Elliot Lilley ◽  
Kristine E Aa Hansen ◽  
Trond Brattelid
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Animal Research ◽  
Reporting Guidelines

There is widespread concern about the quality, reproducibility and translatability of studies involving research animals. Although there are a number of reporting guidelines available, there is very little overarching guidance on how to plan animal experiments, despite the fact that this is the logical place to start ensuring quality. In this paper we present the PREPARE guidelines: Planning Research and Experimental Procedures on Animals: Recommendations for Excellence. PREPARE covers the three broad areas which determine the quality of the preparation for animal studies: formulation, dialogue between scientists and the animal facility, and quality control of the various components in the study. Some topics overlap and the PREPARE checklist should be adapted to suit specific needs, for example in field research. Advice on use of the checklist is available on the Norecopa website, with links to guidelines for animal research and testing, at https://norecopa.no/PREPARE .

scholarly journals Pathology Study Design, Conduct, and Reporting to Achieve Rigor and Reproducibility in Translational Research Using Animal Models

ILAR Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey I Everitt ◽  
Piper M Treuting ◽  
Cheryl Scudamore ◽  
Rani Sellers ◽  
Patricia V Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Track Record ◽  
Preclinical Animal Models

AbstractIn translational research, animal models are an important tool to aid in decision-making when taking potential therapies into human clinical trials. Recently, there have been a number of papers that have suggested limited concordance of preclinical animal experiments with subsequent human clinical experience. Assessments of preclinical animal studies have led to concerns about the reproducibility of data and have highlighted the need for an emphasis on rigor and quality in the planning, conduct, analysis, and reporting of such studies. The incorporation of a wider role for the comparative pathologist using pathology best practices in the planning and conduct of animal model-based research is one way to increase the quality and reproducibility of data. The use of optimal design and planning of tissue collection, incorporation of pathology methods into written protocols, conduct of pathology procedures using accepted best practices, and the use of optimal pathology analysis and reporting methods enhance the quality of the data acquired from many types of preclinical animal models and studies. Many of these pathology practices are well established in the discipline of toxicologic pathology and have a proven and useful track record in enhancing the data from animal-based studies used in safety assessment of human therapeutics. Some of this experience can be adopted by the wider community of preclinical investigators to increase the reproducibility of animal study data.

Quality of design and reporting of animal research in peritoneal dialysis: A scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-404
Author(s):  
Janusz Witowski ◽  
Dorota Sikorska ◽  
András Rudolf ◽  
Izabela Miechowicz ◽  
Julian Kamhieh-Milz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Animal Research ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
The Impact

The concerns about reproducibility and validity of animal studies are partly related to poor experimental design and reporting. Here, we undertook a scoping review of the literature to determine the extent and quality of reporting of animal studies on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Online databases were searched to identify 567 relevant original articles published between 1979 and 2018. These were analyzed with respect to bibliographic parameters and general aspects of animal experimentation. A subgroup of 120 studies was analyzed in detail in terms of the impact on the reporting quality of the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines for animal studies. The number of animal studies on PD increased continuously over the years with a thematic shift toward long-term preservation of the peritoneum as a dialyzing organ. There were significant deficiencies in research design with the lack of sample size estimation, randomization, and blinding being the commonest shortcomings. The description of animal numbers, housing conditions, use of medication, and statistical analysis was incomplete. The introduction in 2010 of the ARRIVE guidelines produced very little improvement in the completeness of reporting regardless of journal impact factor. The animal studies on PD suffer from deficits in experimental protocols and transparent reporting. These drawbacks need to be corrected to ensure high-quality and much-needed animal research in PD.

scholarly journals A search filter for increasing the retrieval of animal studies in Embase

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob B M de Vries ◽  
Carlijn R Hooijmans ◽  
Alice Tillema ◽  
Marlies Leenaars ◽  
Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Search Process ◽  
General Requirement ◽  
Search Filter ◽  
Search Filters ◽  
Similar Search

Collecting and analysing all available literature before starting a new animal experiment is important and it is indispensable when writing systematic reviews of animal research. In practice, finding all animal studies relevant to a specific research question turns out to be anything but simple. In order to facilitate this search process, we previously developed a search filter for retrieving animal studies in the most often used biomedical database, PubMed. It is a general requirement for systematic reviews, however, that at least two databases are searched. In this report, we therefore present a similar search filter for a second important database, namely Embase. We show that our filter retrieves more animal studies than (a combination of) the options currently available in Embase. Our search filters for PubMed and Embase therefore represent valuable tools for improving the quality of (systematic) reviews and thereby of new animal experiments.

scholarly journals Tabular cusum control charts of chemical variables applied to the control of surface water quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 951-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciele A. C. Follador ◽  
Márcio A. Vilas Boas ◽  
Marlise Schoenhals ◽  
Eliane Hermes ◽  
Clovis Rech
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Control Charts ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Cusum Control Charts

The aim of this study was to evaluate the application possibility of tabular CUSUM control charts in the quality control of chemical variables in surface water. It was performed bibliographic and field research to collect water samples from 2003 to 2009, totaling 30 samples, some monthly and others semi-annual in order to observe the variables that regulate water quality. It was found that these charts may be applied to control the quality of river water; showing to be effective in the perception of changes during the process, especially for small samples (n=1) which there is no repetition as in this research. It was also concluded that the Mandurim River does not presents significant levels of pollution.

The Quality of Reporting Raises Questions on the Experimental Validity of Animal Studies Conducted in India and Sri Lanka: Preliminary Analysis of a Systematic Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Vijay Pal Singh ◽  
Ayushi Jain ◽  
Shubhra Gupta ◽  
Manudharshy Vijayakumar ◽  
Kunal Pratap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Peer Review Process ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Sample Size Calculation ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Systematic Survey ◽  
In Vivo Experiments

The quality of animal experiments in terms of appropriate reporting is a concern, particularly with regard to their validity and the recording of the measures taken to reduce various types of bias. A systematic survey of 1371 and 236 publications from India and Sri Lanka, respectively, which were published between 1905 and 2017 and indexed in NCBI-PubMed, Cinhal, MEDLINE and Scopus, was carried out. The level of detail in the descriptions of animals used and the measures taken to reduce bias were analysed in each article. Selected parameters from the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines, such as age, weight, sex, sample size calculation, blinding and randomisation were considered. The findings revealed poor reporting standards in animal experiments carried out in India and Sri Lanka, confirming the limited impact of the ARRIVE guidelines. These findings emphasise the urgent need for improvements in the peer review process, both prior to a study being set up and in the post-study reporting phase, and for more stringent adherence to the ARRIVE guidelines in the reporting of animal experiments.

Total Quality Management dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Lembaga Amil Zakat

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-286
Author(s):  
Dina Qurotun Nisa ◽  
Aep Kusnawan ◽  
Herman Herman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Total Quality Management ◽  
Process Improvement ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Descriptive Method

The purpose of this study is to find out (1) customer focus, (2) process improvement, (3)Total involvement in improving the quality of the Exact Zakat Center (PZU). The method used is descriptive method with the type of field research. Data collection is done by interview, observation and documentation. With the results of the research found, namely: (1). PZU Persis understands the position, rights and obligations of the customer as a focus on customers in improving the quality of the institution (2). PZU Exactly in terms of process improvement, has carried out a number of activities and breakthroughs oriented to the improvement of an institution (3). Total involvement, PZU Persis always involves all elements in the institution in all activities and policy making related to the institution and believes that integrated quality control will not succeed only with the strong will of the leadership, but must also be supported by the participation of employees, and vice versa . This study also indicates that in its theoretical implications, TQM can be applied to non-profit institutions.

scholarly journals The methodological quality of animal studies: A cross-sectional study based on the SYRCLE’s risk of bias tool

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiyi Zhang ◽  
Yanbiao Jiang ◽  
Zhizhong Shang ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Gongcai Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Reporting Bias ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the methodological quality of animal studies published in China and abroad using the SYRCLE’s risk of bias tool, and to provide references to improve the methodological quality of animal studies to encourage high quality preclinical studies.MethodsAn electronic search was performed in the Chinese Scientific Citation Database (CSCD) and Web of Science from 2014 to October 2018. Document screening and data extraction were performed independently by four researchers. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the SYRCLE’s risk of bias tool. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS23.ResultsA total of 2764 animal studies were included. Of the studies, 984 were published in English and 1780 were in Chinese. The citation frequency of more than 90% of the included studies was less than 5. The results of methodological quality assessment showed that 36.36% (8/22) of the sub-items were rated as “low risk” in more than 50% of the included studies, of which 75% (6/8) were rated as “low risk” in more than 80% of the included studies. A total of 59.09% (13/22) of the sub-items were rated as “low risk” in less than 30% of the included studies, of which 92.31% (12/13) were rated as “low risk” in less than 10% of the included studies. The incidence of “low risk” Chinese studies regarding performance bias, detection bias and reporting bias were lower than English studies. For foreign studies, more attention should be paid to selection bias, attrition bias, and reporting bias.ConclusionWe identified limitations in the methodological quality of animal experiment studies published in China and abroad. We therefore suggest that it is necessary to take targeted measures to popularize the SYRCLE’s risk of bias tool to effectively improve the design and implementation of animal experiments, and guide study development.

scholarly journals Letter to the editor - round table unites to tackle culture change in an effort to improve animal research reporting

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola J. Osborne ◽  
Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga ◽  
Amrita Ahluwahlia ◽  
Sabina Alam ◽  
Matthew Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Culture Change ◽  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Animal Research ◽  
Round Table Discussion ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Research Reporting

Abstract A round table discussion was held during the LAVA-ESLAV-ECLAM conference on Reproducibility of Animal Studies on the 25th of September 2017 in Edinburgh. The aim of the round table was to discuss how to enhance the rate at which the quality of reporting animal research can be improved. This signed statement acknowledges the efforts that participant organizations have made towards improving the reporting of animal studies and confirms an ongoing commitment to drive further improvements, calling upon both academics and laboratory animal veterinarians to help make this cultural change.

scholarly journals Search Characteristics and Reporting of Systematic Reviews of Animal Experiments: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Zhao ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Qianqian Gao ◽  
Fan Mei ◽  
Li Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Animal Experiment ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Reporting Guidelines ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Search Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract BackgroundThe formulation and implementation of a comprehensive search strategy is the basis for ensuring the quality of a systematic review (SR) and/or meta-analysis (MA). All published SRs/MAs of animal experiments were comprehensively identified, to evaluate how each search strategy was formulated, and how the search process and reporting were implemented, in order to represent a reference and provide suggestions for the future development of search procedures and reporting guidelines for SRs/MAs of animal experiments which should, ultimately, allow translation of the results of animal experiments into clinical practice.Methods and FindingsPubMed, OVID-Embase, Biosis Previews, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang Data, and VIP databases were searched to identify the SRs/MAs of medical-related animal experiments. The literature was independently screened and basic information extracted. The search characteristics (including search methods and their reporting) of each included study were analyzed in accordance with pre-established evaluation criteria. A total of 813 animal experiment SRs/MAs published in 503 different journals from 52 countries and regions were included. PubMed, Embase, and Medline were the three most commonly searched English-language databases for animal experiment SRs/MAs, although in 28.8% (234/813), fewer than 3 databases were searched. A supplementary search had been conducted in only half (52.2%, 424/813%) of the studies. In terms of search reporting, only 47.4% (385/813) reported search methods and 31.6% (243/813) described the search strategy. Only 4.8% (39/813) of the animal experiments SRs/MAs reported the qualifications of the search personnel.ConclusionsThe quality of search methods and reporting of the search process for published SRs/MAs of animal experiments are inadequate and substandard. Therefore, the search process should be standardized in future to improve efficiency and ensure the integrity and universality of the search, thereby allowing the development of SR/MA search strategies and reporting guidelines for animal experiments, and ultimately promote improvements in the quality of animal experiment SRs/MAs.

Development and Application of Quality Control System for Highway Subgrade Construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
System Development ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
The Road ◽  
Whole Process

The compaction quality of the subgrade is directly related to the service life of the road. Effective control of the subgrade construction process is the key to ensuring the compaction quality of the subgrade. Therefore, real-time, comprehensive, rapid and accurate prediction of construction compaction quality through informatization detection method is an important guarantee for speeding up construction progress and ensuring subgrade compaction quality. Based on the function of the system, this paper puts forward the principle of system development and the development mode used in system development, and displays the development system in real-time to achieve the whole process control of subgrade construction quality.

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