Fatal wild leopard attack injuries in Uttarakhand, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 002581722110573
Author(s):  
Swapan Debbarma ◽  
Ashish R Bhute ◽  
Vikas Vaibhav ◽  
Shailesh V Parate
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
Alternative Means

Leopard attacks on human beings is common in Uttarakhand which is an area of national conservation. The objective of this study is to examine the pattern of injuries and circumstances to encourage ways of reducing such conflicts. There were eight deaths from leopard attacks brought for autopsy to the mortuary between January 2019 and August 2020. Incidents occurred mostly in a forest close to human settlements. One tourist was among the male victims, the remainder of whom were women carrying out household duties near the forest. Leopard attack injuries present in the head and neck were ante-mortem, with abdomen, buttocks and limbs post-mortem. People living at the border of protected areas need alternative means of support to enable them to avoid using forest resources, tourists must be warned to avoid wandering in the area.

scholarly journals La Valorisation Des Ressources Forestières Au Niveau De La Wilaya De Saida

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Fadéla Meddah ◽  
Najat Zatla
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Social Promotion ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Means Of Production

The forestry economy tends to become a privileged way of development, making it possible to offer to the territories in mutation an alternative means of production. Algeria has been trying since 2008 (in accordance with the master plan for natural areas and protected areas) a forest policy that takes into account the multiple roles that the forest can play : protection, production and social promotion. This work aims to study the process of valorization of forest resources in territory of Saida. The process is based mainly on two advances : the exhaustive identification of resources and the development of valorization mode. These advances can not be maintained, unless, a territorial dynamic associating the actors of the sector of the forests and the actors of the territory, will be created. An entry by the territory, the resources and territorial development is privileged. This theoretical entry is illustrated by a comprehensive approach based on the analysis of stakeholder surveys and articulated with quantitative analysis. This analysis conclude that the territorial dynamics are absent at the level of the territory , which has led to an under-exploitation of resources.

scholarly journals Routes of human trafficking in Europe and the position of Serbia on them

Temida ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Copic
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
And Migration

Human trafficking as a form of organized crime is showing its increase today, changing at the same time its structure and characteristics. Some factors that contribute to such a situation are global trends that result in huge social and economic inequalities in the world, but also turbulences and problems that are affecting certain regions (wars, political instability, ethnic conflicts, militarization etc.). Human trafficking, as a complex social phenomenon that encompasses different forms of acting, subjects and aims, can be analyzed within different concepts. One of them refers to the issue of broader migration flows and migration control policy. Namely, from the global perspective, trafficking in human beings can be mostly considered as a form of 'organized illegal migration'. Due to that, it seems important to consider the issue of routes through which this form of migration is realized today. Discovering human trafficking routes, as well as other forms of illegal movement of people and illegal forms of trade are very important from the point of view of implementing adequate measures and relocation of resources in order to suppress these forms of socially unacceptable phenomena. Creating adequate anti-trafficking activities is important on national, regional and international levels. Keeping that in mind, the aim of this paper is to look into the contemporary routes of human trafficking within Europe and find out what is the position of Serbia on these routes, as well to examine possible changes that happened in this field during past several years. This will be done on the basis of the analysis of relevant literature, as well as on some preliminary findings of the survey on male victims of human trafficking in Serbia, which is currently conducted by the Victimology Society of Serbia.

scholarly journals Congruence between breeding and wintering biodiversity hotspots: A case study in farmlands of Western Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Federico Morelli ◽  
Zbigniew Kwieciński ◽  
Piotr Indykiewicz ◽  
Łukasz Jankowiak ◽  
Paweł Szymański ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Evolutionary Distinctiveness

Abstract Farmland landscapes are recognized as important ecosystems, not only for their rich biodiversity but equally so for the human beings who live and work in these places. However, biodiversity varies among sites (spatial change) and among seasons (temporal change). In this work, we tested the hypothesis that bird diversity hotspots distribution for breeding is congruent with bird diversity hotspots for wintering season, focusing also the representation of protected areas for the conservation of local hotspots. We proposed a framework based on the use of species richness, functional diversity, and evolutionary distinctiveness to characterize avian communities. Although our findings show that the spatial distribution of local bird hotspots differed slightly between seasons, the protected areas’ representation was similar in both seasons. Protected areas covered 65% of the most important zones for breeding and 71% for the wintering season in the farmland studied. Functional diversity showed similar patterns as did bird species richness, but this measure can be most effective for highlighting differences on bird community composition. Evolutionary distinctiveness was less congruent with species richness and functional diversity, among seasons. Our findings suggest that inter-seasonal spatial congruence of local hotspots can be considered as suitable areas upon which to concentrate greater conservation efforts. However, even considering the relative congruence of avian diversity metrics at a local spatial scale, simultaneous analysis of protected areas while inter-seasonally considering hotspots, can provide a more complete representation of ecosystems for assessing the conservation status and designating priority areas.

Chromoblastomycosis in two giant ditch frogs also known as mountain chicken frogs (Leptodactylus fallax)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e000691
Author(s):  
Martina Croci ◽  
Stefanie Klausmann ◽  
Jean-Michel Hatt ◽  
Sarah Schmitt ◽  
Monika Hilbe
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Skeletal Musculature ◽  
Chronic Skin ◽  
Chronic Skin Disease

Because of sudden death of several frogs following the renewal of a terrarium, two giant ditch frogs (Leptodactylus fallax) were submitted for post-mortem examination. The animals displayed extensive erythematous to ulcerative skin lesions as well as multiple granulomas in the liver, kidney and skeletal musculature. In skin lesions as well as in the brownish granulomas, pigmented fungal sclerotic bodies were found in addition to pigmented hyphal structures, though less common. The fungal pathogen, although not further classified in this study was identified as the etiological agent for chromoblastomycosis (synonym: chromomycosis), a leading cause of fatal systemic disease in poikilothermic animals. It is also a cause of chronic skin disease in human beings and therefore a potential zoonotic agent.

Determinants of local people's attitude toward conservation and the consequential effects on illegal resource harvesting in the protected areas of Sulawesi (Indonesia)

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIEN MING LEE ◽  
NAVJOT S. SODHI ◽  
DEWI M. PRAWIRADILAGA
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Conservation Education ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Conservation Attitudes

SUMMARYThe exploitation of tropical forest resources is a key driver of the current biodiversity crisis, and it is pivotal to understand human attitudes toward conservation and resource harvesting. This paper investigates effects of interactions, perceptions of protected areas (PAs) and sociodemographic variables on conservation attitudes, and the correlates of illegal resource extraction among 660 households from 33 villages bordering eight PAs on Sulawesi (Indonesia). Mixed-effect multiple regression analyses showed that the most important predictors of the support for PAs included the degree of involvement in management, presence/absence of PA-human conflict, perceived sustainability of forest resources and length of residency in Sulawesi. Notably, active participation in community management by transmigrants and the reconciliation of land-rights conflicts for natives may promote favourable conservation attitudes. Ordination and correlation analyses also revealed that the extent of illegal resource harvesting activities, such as hunting and logging, were significantly influenced by a negative conservation attitude and past conflict with PA establishment. Garnering support for PAs through conservation education and resolving land-rights disputes could potentially alleviate illegal resource extraction. The disparity in resource extraction patterns among the villages across all PAs confirms the importance of adopting site-specific conservation strategies that may make PAs across the biologically unique yet critically threatened Indonesian Archipelago more effective.

scholarly journals Television Docudrama as Alternative Records of History

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 479-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foluke Ogunleye
Keyword(s):  
Human Beings ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The People ◽  
Cave Paintings ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Lively Debate ◽  
The Subject

From time immemorial human beings have sought to document their activities in realistic forms in order to pass across information about their lives to posterity. Even before the advent of cinematography, human beings had attempted to show life, not as static, but as dynamic. Cave paintings done by early men have shown an attempt to demonstrate movement through drawings of animals with many legs, designed to simulate motion. Also, attempts at showing moving images have included the shadow plays of North Africa and India, puppetry in many parts of the world, the pot art of India, etc. These activities presented the culture of the people and showed how icons are developed, what they stand for in the people's lives, and how people made meaning out of their lives and activities. With the development of the arts of cinematography and television, these also became vehicles to document happenings and events in the lives of the people.In this study, I discuss the television docudrama as an alternative means of documenting history. There are many reasons necessitating an alternative source of documenting history, but two examples from Nigeria will suffice to justify this position. The powers-that-be in Nigeria have decreed that it is no longer necessary to study history in primary and secondary schools, and the subject has been removed from the curriculum. Consequently, if a Nigerian citizen does not go to a tertiary institution to study history, the past of her/his people will forever remain a mystery to her/him. Currently, there is a very lively debate in Nigeria about the origins of the Yoruba people. Traditional rulers, who are supposed to be the custodians of history, are at loggerheads with each other and with eggheads in history departments. The traditional rulers are bringing out diverse facts and evidence that differ from previously written histories.

scholarly journals Impact of Human Settlements on Diversity of Range Vegetation

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Akash Jamil ◽  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
Syed Amir Manzoor ◽  
Mamoona Wali Muhammad ◽  
Ghulam Yasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
Floral Diversity ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Range Grasses ◽  
The Impact

The rapidly increasing population of human beings in semi-arid areas is often considered as a major factor of land degradation. Only a few studies have examined the dynamics of human settlements on the composition, diversity, structure and palatability of range vegetation in Southern Punjab Pakistan. The current study aims to assess whether the distance from settlements had any effect on the range vegetation’s diversity and cover. In order to determine the impact of human settlements on the vegetation, the sampling area (Thal rangeland) was classified into three categories, i.e., Near (1–2 km from human communities), Away (2–4 km from human communities), and Far (4–6 km from human settlements). A total of 75 transects in all of the three sites were placed in the study sites. Along the transects, a quadrate of 1 m2 after every 10 m was randomly placed. The study site yielded floral diversity of a total of 29 species, representing 23 genera and belonging to 9 families. Results showed that the areas away from the human communities had higher species diversity (20), while the site near to human settlements depicted lower diversity (14). It was observed that, although the site near to communities had lower diversity, it depicted higher plant density, while the highest diversity along with the lowest plant density was observed in sites away from the communities. The study concluded that the diversity of range grasses, especially desirable species, was affected by distance to human settlements. These findings could be useful to detect flora changes, establish habitat protection priorities and improve efforts for conserving natural landscapes.

scholarly journals Serological Prevalence of Leptospiral Infection in Wildlife in Sarawak, Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siva Thayaparan ◽  
Ian Robertson ◽  
Fairuz Amraan ◽  
Lela Su'ut ◽  
Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
National Park ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Conservation Effort ◽  
Free Ranging

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic leptospiral bacteria, which are transmitted directly orindirectly from animals to humans or animal to animal. The first phase of this proposed study was carried out todetermine the extent of exposure to leptospirosis in wild mammals surrounded by human settlements aroundwildlife or tourism area (Wind Cave, Fairy Cave, Bako National Park and Matang Wildlife Center). This studyreports an incident of leptospirosis among primates (three captive and two free ranging), rats, bats, squirrels andmongoose around Kuching, Sarawak area, which has been screened for Leptospirosis. Blood samples wereobtained to determine the presence of antibodies through the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) usingeighteen serovars of Leptospira commonly found in Malaysia as antigens. It was observed that four out of thefive monkeys (80%), rats (9/4) (44%), bats (20/5) (20.8%), squirrels 4/4 (100%) and mongoose (1) (100%)reacted against one or more serovars of Leptospira. In this study antibody of five serovars of Leptospirainterrrogans Copenheni, Leptospira interrrogans Lai, Leptospira interrrogans Pomona, Leptospira interrrogansPyrogenes, Lepto 175* were detected. Serovars Copenhegeni, Lai, Pomona and Pyrogenes were consideredpathogenic for different mammals including human beings. No information about serovars lepto 175 and furtherstudies going on. This is providing information on the possible zoonotic importance of mammalian species inmaintaining this disease in Sarawak. The transmission of leptospires in rats reported several incidents andbetween primates, bats, squirrels, mongoose and human is not reported elsewhere but this could create newreservoir and transmission routes and may affect the tourism, conservation effort and public health.

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