Revolutionary Attitudes in Democratic Regimes

2019 ◽  
pp. 003232171987436
Author(s):  
Abel François ◽  
Raul Magni-Berton ◽  
Simon Varaine
Keyword(s):  
Majority Rule ◽  
Democratic Theory ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
Positive Effect

Contrary to a classic prediction of democratic theory, empirical studies do not find that democratic systems produce internal peace. This absence of relationship does not mean that democratic theory is entirely wrong. Indeed, democratic systems may have a negative effect on the support for revolution, as predicted by democratic theory, but a positive effect on opportunities for revolutions on the other part. Focusing on the support for revolution in 15 European democracies, this article re-examines the classic prediction that democratic systems reduce political grievances. This rests on three arguments: that (1) majority rule guarantees that the number of dissatisfied people is relatively low, (2) periodic elections allow dissatisfied people to hope for a change in the leadership within a reasonable period of time, and (3) power-sharing institutions diminish the negative impact of an unwanted government on people. We find empirical support for all arguments. In addition to shedding light on the reasons why democracy weakens revolutionary attitudes, our analysis provides some clues to understand the recent increase in the support for revolution in democratic countries.

scholarly journals Impact of Electronic Monitoring on Employees: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Siegel ◽  
Cornelius J. König ◽  
Veronika Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Electronic Monitoring ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Small Positive Effect

Electronic monitoring is more and more widespread and affects many employees around the globe. The current meta analysis collected data of 59 independent samples (with 223 effect sizes) to estimate the effect of electronic monitoring on job satisfaction, stress, and performance. A random-effects model indicated a small negative effect of monitoring on job satisfaction, r=-.09, and a small positive effect on stress, r=.12. There was no relationship with performance, r=-.01. Even if the effects of monitoring on job satisfaction and stress are small, taking the large number of employees who are monitored for several hours a day into account, these effects may have a severe and negative impact on employees’ well-being. Performance maintenance is the main justification for the use of electronic monitoring, but the non-existing relationship of monitoring with performance questions the validity of this justification.

scholarly journals PENGARUH NON PERFORMING LOAN (NPL) DAN LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO (LDR) TERHADAP RETURN ON ASSET (ROA) PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 220-230
Author(s):  
Randi Siregar ◽  
Sabeth Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this research was conducted to know the influence of: (1) Simultaneous Non Performing Loan and Loan to Deposit Ratio against Return On Asset, (2) Partial Non-Performing Loan against Return On Asset and (3) partial Loan to Deposit against Return On Asset Corporate Banking the Go Public period 2010 – 2012.The research uses quantitative research plans. The research subject is a banking company that go public from 2014 – 2016 and the objects are Non Performing Loan, Loan to Deposit Ratio and Return On Asset.Data collected using documentation methods and analyzed with multiple linear regression analyses. The results showed that (1) Non Performing Loan and Loan to Deposit Ratio simultaneously had significant effect on Return On Asset.(2) Non Performing Loan partially negative effect on Return On Asset, (3) Loan to Deposit Ratio positively affects the Return On Asset of the banking company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.The value of the coefficient of determination (adjusted R2) of 0.323 or 32.3%, this translates to 32.3% of ROA variations that can be explained by variations of independent variables of the NPL and LDR.The remaining 67.7% is explained by other reasons outside of the regression model.Based on the results of multiple linear regression analyses indicating that the NPL has a significant negative impact on ROA, LDR has a significant and positive effect on Roa, NPL and LDR.

scholarly journals The Effect of Remote Working on Employees Wellbeing and Work-Life Integration during Pandemic in Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Bassant Adel Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Intervention Plan ◽  
Remote Workers ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The study aims to enrich employers' understanding of how employees perceive remote working Post COVID-19's quarantine period and its effect on employees' psychological wellbeing and work-life integration in Egypt. A structured questionnaire was distributed post-COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period on a sample of 318 employees who are supposed to be working remotely in different sectors from home. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to test the research hypotheses. The results suggest a significant positive effect of employees' perception of remote working on psychological wellbeing and work-life integration. Simultaneously, there is a significant negative effect of employees' perception of remote working and emotional exhaustion. This study should help employers design the appropriate intervention plan to sustain operations and maintain effective communication with remote workers. It contributes to the literature by considering it as one of the growing empirical studies that will tackle remote working in relation to employee psychological wellbeing and work-life integration Post-COVID-19 quarantine period in Egypt. The majority of research nowadays tackling COVID-19 is from a biomedical perspective, focusing on physical and mental health, but this research will tackle COVID-19 from a psychological and managerial standpoint. The research results will assist researchers and practitioners in gaining insights into the future role of remote working.

Improving China's alfalfa industry development: an economic analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

PurposeThis study analyzes the factors which affect the alfalfa cultivation acreage in China and estimates the development of alfalfa planting by the supply model.Design/methodology/approachBased on the characteristics and actual conditions of alfalfa cultivation in China, a naïve empirical model was created to analyze the impact of various influencing factors on the cultivation acreage of alfalfa.FindingsThe analysis of influential factors shows that China's alfalfa planting conforms to naïve price behavior. The prices of alfalfa and per capita arable land occupancy have a positive effect on the cultivation acreage, while the price of competitive crops and transportation costs have a negative effect on the production of alfalfa. Lastly, the 2012 alfalfa subsidy policy has a significant negative impact on alfalfa cultivation acreage.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the limited research on alfalfa supply in China, there is a lack of available research data and statistical data. A large number of data in this study are mainly indirect data derived and calculated from other industrial data. The measurement results may not be fully accurate.Originality/valueThis study represents the first empirical analysis of the characteristics of the factors influencing alfalfa cultivation acreage in China. The secondary data were used to analyze the influence of various control variables on the cultivation acreage of alfalfa, which is different from existing research.

scholarly journals Designing for Packaging Sustainability. The Effects of Appearance and a Better Eco-Label on Consumers’ Evaluations and Choice

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3251-3260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Krah ◽  
Tea Todorovic ◽  
Lise Magnier
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
User Perspective ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Typical Appearance ◽  
Perceived Usability ◽  
Choice Intentions ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThe environmental burden of packaging is huge. However, redesigning packaging to make it more sustainable without damaging its other functions is not always easy and can have a negative impact on consumers’ choice. In this paper, we adopt a user-perspective and test the effects of packaging appearance and a better eco-label on consumers’ responses. Based on the literature, we designed an eco- label using a traffic light system with an objective sustainability score enabling to compare the sustainability of different packages. The results of our experimental study (N=120) show that while a sustainable (vs. typical) appearance in packaging has a positive effect on perceived sustainability, it has a negative effect on perceived usability. However, we demonstrate that the presence of a high score on the eco-label positively impacts the perceived sustainability of both the sustainable and the typical packages and the choice intentions. This eco-label also enabled to mitigate the negative effects of the sustainable appearance on perceived usability. Designers and policy-makers can use the results of this paper to positively influence evaluations of and choice for sustainable packaging.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS EFFECT OF CONFLICT ROLE, SOCIAL SUPPORT TO ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND IMPACT ON INTENTION TO QUIT

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
M. Fajar Chilman Najib
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Human resources (HR) is the only important organizational asset that can drive other resources. Human resources can affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization (Simamora, 2006). Secondary data in this research are: Data obtained from the management of PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri in the form of data turnover. Population in this research is employees of PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri Semarang, Jl. Pandanaran no. 90 a total of 137 employees. The method of collecting primary data is done by using documentation technique. Role conflict has a significant effect on the intention to quit. It is concluded that the greater the role conflict increases the intention to quit. The result of hypothesis 2 testing showing the role conflict has a positive effect on intention to quit is accepted, where high conflict can increase the intention to exit.Organizational support has a significant positive effect on commitment. It is concluded that the greater the support the organization increases its commitment. Organizational support has a significant negative impact on intention to quit. It is concluded that greater organizational support decreases the intention to quit. Commitment has a significant negative effect on intention to quit. It is concluded that the stronger the commitment can decrease the intention to quit.

Marketing Mass-Customized Products: Striking a Balance between Utility and Complexity

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedict G.C. Dellaert ◽  
Stefan Stremersch
Keyword(s):  
Mass Customization ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Personal Computers ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Product Utility ◽  
Customized Products ◽  
Positive Effect

Increasingly, firms allow consumers to mass customize their products. In this study, the authors investigate consumers' evaluations of different mass customization configurations when they are asked to mass customize a product. For example, mass customization configurations may differ in the number of modules that can be mass customized. In the context of mass customization of personal computers, the authors find that mass customization configuration affects the product utility that consumers can achieve in mass customization as well as their perception of mass customization complexity. In turn, product utility and complexity affect the utility that consumers derive from using a certain mass customization configuration. More specifically, product utility has a positive effect and complexity has a negative effect on mass customization utility. The effect of complexity is direct as well as indirect because complexity also lowers product utility. The authors also find that consumers with high levels of product expertise consider mass customization configurations less complex than do consumers with low levels of product expertise and that for more-expert consumers, complexity has a less-negative impact on product utility. The study has important managerial implications for how companies can design their mass customization configuration to increase utility and decrease complexity.

Power‐sharing versus Majority Rule: Patterns of Cabinet Formation in Twenty Democracies

1981 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arend Lijphart
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Majority Rule ◽  
Democratic Theory ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Consociational Democracy ◽  
Westminster Model ◽  
Majoritarian Democracy ◽  
The Ideal

THE TERM ‘MAJORITY RULE’ IS OFTEN USED EITHER AS A synonym of democracy or as one of its defining characteristics. An important contribution that the scholars belonging to the consociational school have made to democratic theory is to point out that this close identification of majorit rule and democracy is fallacious. Majoritarian democracy, of which the Westminster model is the ideal type, is not the only form of democracy; the major alternative is consociational democracy. Furthermore, majority rule is not necessarily the best form of democracy; especially in plural societies - that is, societies deeply divided by religious, ideological, cultural, linguistic, ethnic, or racial cleavages into separate sub-societies with their own political parties, interest groups, and media of communication - consociational democracy is the more suitable democratic model.

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Effect on Serum Uric Acid—A Class Effect?

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 874-881
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Sutton Burke ◽  
Tessa C. Kelly ◽  
Lindsey A. Shoales ◽  
Angela K. Nagel
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor ◽  
Class Effect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Receptor Blockers ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose: To provide a comprehensive review to determine whether there is a class effect among angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in relation to serum uric acid. Summary: A literature search was conducted and 8 articles were identified for inclusion in this review. In the studies reviewed, candesartan and valsartan were shown to have either a neutral or negative effect on serum uric acid. Azilsartan was shown to have a negative impact on serum uric acid while eprosartan appeared to have no impact on serum uric acid levels. Irbesartan demonstrated either a neutral or positive effect on serum uric acid while losartan exhibited a positive effect. Conclusion: The available data indicate that the reduction of serum uric acid is not a class effect of ARBs. Of the available agents, only losartan has clear evidence of its ability to lower serum uric acid. For patients with high blood pressure and elevated serum uric acid, losartan should be considered as a first-line agent with irbesartan as an alternative when appropriate.

Ownership structure and voluntary disclosure: A synthesis of empirical studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hichem Khlif ◽  
Kamran Ahmed ◽  
Mohsen Souissi
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Voluntary Disclosure ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

In this article, we meta-analyse 69 empirical studies assessing the association between corporate voluntary disclosure and ownership concentration and types, and how institutional characteristics and research design moderate these relationships. Our overall analyses show that state, foreign and institutional ownerships have a positive effect but managerial ownership and ownership concentration have a negative effect on voluntary disclosure. Since the overall effect may conceal the underlying factors that cause heterogeneity in the effect size distribution, we select two important institutional factors: country-level investor protection and the equity market development, and research design and journal quality, to explain the mixed and conflicting findings. Our results emphasise the need to consider legal and institutional characteristics, and researcher induced-artefacts, in understanding the role of ownership structure and identity in corporate voluntary disclosure.

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