scholarly journals The Messenger Matters: Invalidating Remarks From Men Provoke a More Negative Emotional Reaction Than Do Remarks From Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Weber ◽  
Nathaniel R. Herr
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Negative Emotional Reaction ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Female Confederate

Despite negative consequences of emotional invalidation, research has not examined the effect of gender on responses to validation or invalidation or how an invalidating comment from a male versus a female confederate may influence affective responses. We used a two-study quasi-experimental design to examine variables that influence the emotions of individuals validated or invalidated for their emotions. Male and female undergraduates received either validating or invalidating remarks from a gender-ambiguous confederate (Study 1) or invalidating remarks from either a male or female confederate (Study 2). Results showed that invalidation from a gender-ambiguous confederate produced more negative emotional reactions than validation regardless of participants’ gender. Furthermore, being invalidated by a man rather than by a woman provoked a specifically more negative emotional response. Interpersonal interventions should explore ways to reduce invalidation and particularly strive to mitigate the effects of invalidation from men, whose criticisms may provoke heightened negative responses from others.

scholarly journals Psychoemotional reactions at the stage of clinically isolated multiple sclerosis syndrome

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Functional Failure ◽  
Edss Score ◽  
A Prospective Study

A prospective study of functional disability and its relationship to the emotional response of a patient to the diagnosis of 30 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) was performed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the typical emotional reactions in patients with CIS MS and to determine their impact on patients' functional failure in the future. The study was conducted in three stages. In the first stage, before the infusion of methylprednisolone, an emotional response and a degree of functional failure were assessed. Evaluation of the reliability of emotional emotional reaction was performed after 7 days. Re-evaluation of psycho-emotional response and functional disability was performed during recurent MS attack. A total of 30 patients were included in the study, with an average age of 32.07 ± 8.54 years, including 27 women and 3 men. The most frequent emotional reactions were found to be anxiety (60%), shock reaction (16.56%) of patients, categorical denial of diagnosis (13.33%). Relief was less frequent — 6.67% and sorrow in 3.33% of patients. The reliability of the emotional response was re-evaluated after 7 days (Cronbach's α 0.993). The time interval from the moment of CIS MS to the second attack and diagnosis of MS was 6.33 ± 3.467 months. The EDSS score at the time of the second attack was 2.92 ± 0.081 points. A one-way ANOVA procedure was also used for the multivariable analysis to establish the statistical difference of the EDSS score for different levels of the Reaction score. A statistically significant correlation was established between the response values and the Expanded Disability Status Test (EDSS) total score at P <0.01, as well as the EDSS score at the second clinical attack. It was found that the emotional background of the patient influences the prognosis and functional failure in the dynamics.

scholarly journals Potential of feedback during objective structured clinical examination to evoke an emotional response in medical students in Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Dalia Limor Karol ◽  
Debra Pugh
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Objective Structured Clinical Examination ◽  
Verbal Feedback ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Subsequent Performance

Feedback has been shown to be an important driver for learning. However, many factors, such as the emotional reactions feedback evokes, may impact its effect. This study aimed to explore medical students’ perspectives on the verbal feedback they receive during an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE); their emotional reaction to this; and its impact on their subsequent performance. To do this, medical students enrolled at 4 Canadian medical schools were invited to complete a web-based survey regarding their experiences. One hundred and fifty-eight participants completed the survey. Twenty-nine percent of respondents asserted that they had experienced emotional reactions to verbal feedback received in an OSCE setting. The most common emotional responses reported were embarrassment and anxiousness. Some students (n=20) reported that the feedback they received negatively impacted subsequent OSCE performance. This study demonstrates that feedback provided during an OSCE can evoke an emotional response in students and potentially impact subsequent performance.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of behavioral activation for depression treatment in medical students: Study protocol for a quasi-experimental design

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212094623
Author(s):  
Alejandro Domínguez Rodríguez ◽  
Gustavo Iván Martinez-Maqueda ◽  
Paulina Arenas Landgrave ◽  
Sofía Cristina Martínez Luna ◽  
Flor Rocío Ramírez-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Northwestern Mexico

Introduction: Depression is a frequent mood disorder among medical students that can lead to multiple negative consequences at individual and social level (such as academic achievement and interpersonal conflicts) as well as patient care performance. Therefore, the need of depression decreasing treatments in medical students is important. This study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Behavioral Activation Treatment for Depression in a sample of Mexican medical students. Methods: This study will be performed under a quasi-experimental design to verify the effectiveness of the Behavioral Activation Treatment for Depression to reduce depressive symptoms in medical students from two public universities in northwestern Mexico. The participants will be assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale. In addition to the psychometric assessment, there will be an electroencephalogram evaluation using the EMOTIV (v 1.1) device. Results: A pre-post intervention of 10 Behavioral Activation Treatment for Depression sessions will be implemented. The results of the effectiveness of the Behavioral Activation Treatment for Depression will be analyzed in five measures at pre-post intervention and two follow-ups of 3 and 6 months. Conclusions: This study looks for evidence regarding the efficacy and feasibility of the Behavioral Activation Treatment for Depression in a sample of medical students from two public universities in Mexico with high levels of depression along with stress and anxiety.

scholarly journals The Multigenerational Legacy of Diabetes, Emotional Reactions, and Insulin Adherence

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 018-024
Author(s):  
Melissa Scollan-Koliopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Insulin Regimen ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
Negative Emotional Reaction ◽  
Patients At Risk

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of having a multigenerational legacy of diabetes on insulin adherence by measuring memories of family members’ experiences with insulin self-injection. Methods A cross-sectional correlational design was implemented by surveying hospitalized adults with type 2 diabetes who recently transitioned to using insulin. Surveys included items about the vividness, frequency, and controllability of memories of a family member self-injecting insulin and concordant emotional reaction, and one’s own emotional reaction to a diagnosis of diabetes and insulin regimen adherence. Results A diverse sample responded to the surveys. Significant associations were revealed between having a recollection of a family member fearing insulin injections and a negative emotional reaction toward one’s own diabetes diagnosis with suboptimal insulin adherence. Suboptimal insulin adherence may be an indication of avoidance-based coping. Inquiry into how a multigenerational legacy of diabetes influences individual coping styles for diabetes self-management will help clinicians identify patients at risk for suboptimal insulin adherence.

scholarly journals Testing the effectiveness of health risk messages : threat and efficacy processing

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Thinavan Periyayya ◽  
Vincent Eng Kim Wee
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fear Appeals ◽  
Social Threat ◽  
Fear Appeal ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
Print Advertisement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Quasi Experimental

This is a micro study of an on-going macro study of the different categories of fear appeals used in the on-going national anti-smoking campaign. A quasi-experimental design was used to study the respondents’ responses to the anti-smoking print advertisement campaign. Two types of advertisements were selected, one which depicted a social threat and the other a damaging health threat. Each type of advertisement was evaluated by two separate groups of participants. The evaluation was based on the extended parallel process model’s (EPPM) risk diagnosis scale. The social threat advertisement had a low fear and efficacy message while the health threat advertisement had a high fear and efficacy message. Findings showed that the social threat (low fear/efficacy) was able to make the respondents of the study take a preventive behavioural or danger control position to avoid the negative consequences. In comparison the damaging health threat (high fear/ efficacy) was found to move the participants to a fear control position or maladaptive behavioural position. The study supported the main predictions of the EPPM, and showed that the efficacy construct determined how the fear appeal was processed (danger control or fear control).

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN LAGU DAN SLIDE PADA PRAKTIK MENCUCI TANGAN DITINJAU DARI JENIS KELAMIN

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Hanifa Andisetyana Putri
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Kindergarten Students ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
A Value ◽  
Quasi Experimental

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan pengaruh media pembelajaran lagu dan slide terhadap praktik mencuci tangan ditinjau dari jenis kelamin. Jenis penelitian menggunakan quasi experimental design. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 74 siswa TK Negeri Pembina Sragen. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah checklist mencuci tangan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan two way anova. Hasil: 1) Ada perbedaan pengaruh media pembelajaran lagu dan slide terhadap praktik mencuci tangan, dengan nilai p=0,005; 2) Ada perbedaan pengaruh kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan terhadap praktik mencuci tangan, dengan nilai p=0,000; 3) Tidak ada interaksi antara media pembelajaran terhadap praktik mencuci tangan ditinjau dari jenis kelamin, dengan nilai p=0,377. Kesimpulan: Tidak ada interaksi antara media pembelajaran lagu dan slide terhadap praktik mencuci tangan ditinjau dari jenis kelamin.Kata kunci: media lagu, slide, kelamin, praktik mencuci tanganAbsractThe study aims to analyse the differences used of songs and slides in practicing hand washing in terms of gender. The research used a quasi-experimental design. Sampling technique used in the study is purposive sampling with a sample of 74 kindergarten students Negeri Pembina Sragen. The instrument used a checklist of washing hands. Data were analyzed using two way ANOVA. The results are:1) There is a difference of using songs and slides in practicing of hand washing, with the value of p = 0.005; 2) There is a difference in male and female practice of hand washing, with a value of p = 0.000; 3) There is no difference between the use of song and slides in practicing of hand washing in male and female students, with a value of p = 0.377. There is no difference between the used of song and slides in practicing of hand washing in terms of gender.Keywords: media song, slides, gender, hand washing practices

A Pilot Study on the Efficacy of Volunteer Mentorship for Young Adults With Self-Harm Behaviors Using a Quasi-Experimental Design

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 415-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yik-Wa Law ◽  
Paul S. F. Yip ◽  
Carmen C. S. Lai ◽  
Chi Leung Kwok ◽  
Paul W. C. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Prevention Services ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Volunteer Support

Abstract. Background: Studies have shown that postdischarge care for self-harm patients is effective in reducing repeated suicidal behaviors. Little is known about whether volunteer support can help reduce self-harm repetition and improve psychosocial well-being. Aim: This study investigated the efficacy of volunteer support in preventing repetition of self-harm. Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design by assigning self-harm patients admitted to the emergency departments to an intervention group with volunteer support and treatment as usual (TAU) for 9 months and to a control group of TAU. Outcome measures include repetition of self-harm, suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and level of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Results: A total of 74 cases were recruited (38 participants; 36 controls). There were no significant differences in age, gender, and clinical condition between the two groups at the baseline. The intervention group showed significant improvements in hopelessness and depressive symptoms. However, the number of cases of suicide ideation and of repetition of self-harm episodes was similar for both groups at the postintervention period. Conclusion: Postdischarge care provided by volunteers showed significant improvement in hopelessness and depression. Volunteers have been commonly involved in suicide prevention services. Further research using rigorous methods is recommended for improving service quality in the long term.

The Therapist’s Reaction to a Patient’s Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Martin Wurst ◽  
Isabella Kunz ◽  
Gregory Skipper ◽  
Manfred Wolfersdorf ◽  
Karl H. Beine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Retrospective Nature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Background: A substantial proportion of therapists experience the loss of a patient to suicide at some point during their professional life. Aims: To assess (1) the impact of a patient’s suicide on therapists distress and well-being over time, (2) which factors contribute to the reaction, and (3) which subgroup might need special interventions in the aftermath of suicide. Methods: A 63-item questionnaire was sent to all 185 Psychiatric Clinics at General Hospitals in Germany. The emotional reaction of therapists to patient’s suicide was measured immediately, after 2 weeks, and after 6 months. Results: Three out of ten therapists suffer from severe distress after a patients’ suicide. The item “overall distress” immediately after the suicide predicts emotional reactions and changes in behavior. The emotional responses immediately after the suicide explained 43.5% of the variance of total distress in a regression analysis. Limitations: The retrospective nature of the study is its primary limitation. Conclusions: Our data suggest that identifying the severely distressed subgroup could be done using a visual analog scale for overall distress. As a consequence, more specific and intensified help could be provided to these professionals.

Dark and Peculiar

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janko Međedović ◽  
Goran Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Psychosis Proneness ◽  
Negative Emotional Reaction ◽  
Mind Set ◽  
Psychopathic Tendencies

Abstract. Earlier research suggested that militant extremists could have certain aspects of psychopathic and psychotic characteristics. Relying on these studies, we investigated whether the Militant Extremist Mind-Set (MEM) could be explained by psychopathy, sadism, and Disintegration (psychosis proneness), as subclinical manifestations of amoral, antisocial, and psychotic-like traits. In Study 1 (306 undergraduate students), it was shown that sadistic and psychopathic tendencies were related to Proviolence (advocating violence as a means for achieving a goal); psychopathic and disintegrative tendencies were associated to the Vile World (belief in a world as a corrupted and vile place), while Disintegration was the best predictor of Divine Power (relying on supernatural forces as a rationale for extremist acts). In Study 2 (147 male convicts), these relations were largely replicated and broadened by including implicit emotional associations to violence in the study design. Thus, while Proviolence was found to be related to a weakened negative emotional reaction to violent pictures, Vile World was found to be associated with stronger negative emotions as a response to violence. Furthermore, Proviolence was the only MEM factor clearly differentiating the sample of convicts from male students who participated in Study 1. Results help extend current understanding about personal characteristics related to militant extremism.

Causation and Quasi-Experimental Design

1980 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 772-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
GENE V. GLASS ◽  
J. WILLIAM ASHER
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Quasi Experimental
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