Sexual Activity of Young Adults who are Visually Impaired and the Need for Effective Sex Education

2012 ◽  
Vol 106 (9) ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy M. Kelly ◽  
Gaylen Kapperman
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Sexual Experiences ◽  
Nationally Representative

Introduction Little research has been reported on all aspects of sexuality as it pertains to individuals with visual impairments. This article analyzes data on the sexual experiences of young adults who are visually impaired and young adults without disabilities. Methods The authors conducted a secondary analysis of the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) federal database and assessed a nationally representative sample of transition-aged young adults with visual impairments. During the same period as the NLTS2, identical survey questions were asked of young adults without disabilities who participated in survey research by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The CDC survey sample included young adults who were two to three years younger than the participants in the NLTS2 sample. The descriptive analysis presents estimates of the sexual activity and use of contraception by both samples. Results Of the transition-aged young adults with visual impairments, 57% reported having sexual intercourse, and of the transition-aged young adults without disabilities, 65% reported having sexual intercourse. Likewise, nearly 40% of the young adults with visual impairments and approximately 50% of those without disabilities reported having had sexual intercourse in the three months before the survey. The use of condoms was also similar (64% of those with visual impairments and 54% of those without disabilities) even though the use of contraceptives other than condoms varied between the samples. Discussion The transition-aged young adults with visual impairments reported having similar rates of sexual experiences as their sighted counterparts, except two to three years later. Implications for Practitioners The researchers concluded that there is a need to provide effective instruction in sexual health that incorporates meaningful methods and materials that are designed specifically to meet the unique needs of young adults who are visually impaired.

Use of Assistive Technology by Students with Visual Impairments: Findings from a National Survey

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 470-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy M. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Assistive Technology ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
Nationally Representative

This study investigated the use of assistive technology by students in the United States who are visually impaired through a secondary analysis of a nationally representative database. It found that the majority of students were not using assistive technology. Implications for interventions and potential changes in policy or practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Patterns of Alcohol Use among Italian Young Adults before and during a COVID-19 lockdown: A Latent Class Analysis Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Aresi ◽  
Angela Sorgente ◽  
Michael J. Cleveland ◽  
Elena Marta
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Representative Samples

Introduction: Two not mutually exclusive theories have been proposed to explain the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol use: The Availability hypothesis contends that reduced opportunities to drink due to the closure of outlets and consumption sites should lead to decreases in alcohol use, whereas the Stress and Coping hypothesis argues that those exposed to stressful situations may increase drinking. Aims: This study aimed to test such hypotheses by describing pre/during-COVID-19-pandemic changes in patterns of alcohol use among the Italian young adults (18–34 years).Methods: This study involves the secondary analysis of data collected in 2015 and 2020 from nationally representative samples of Italian young adults. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify common patterns of alcohol use.Results: Five classes were found: current non-drinker class (CND), weekend risky (WRD) and weekend non-risky drinkers (WnRD), daily non-risky (DnRD) and daily risky drinkers (DRD). Results indicate gender-specific changes in the prevalence of the five drinker profiles from 2015 to 2020.Conclusions: In support to the Availability hypothesis, increases in abstaining women and men were observed, however among men there were also increases in the prevalence of patterns characterized by risky drinking and related harm (Stress and Coping hypothesis).

scholarly journals Unwanted Sex Among Young Adults in the United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 3476-3493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail A. Haydon ◽  
Annie-Laurie McRee ◽  
Carolyn Tucker Halpern
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Experiences ◽  
Unwanted Sex ◽  
Unwanted Sexual Experiences ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Nationally Representative

This study examined associations between unwanted sexual experiences and both physical disability and cognitive performance in a nationally representative sample of young adults. We used data from 11,878 participants (ages 26-32) in Waves I, III, and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). Logistic regressions determined associations between physical disability and level of cognitive performance (using a modified Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test) and the odds of experiencing physically forced and nonphysically coerced sex. Approximately 24% of females and 4% of males reported unwanted sexual experiences. Compared to respondents without disabilities, females with a physical disability had greater odds of experiencing forced sex (OR = 1.49; 95% CI [1.06, 2.08]), whereas males with a physical disability had greater odds of coerced sex (OR = 1.90; 95% CI [1.02, 3.52]). Compared to those with average cognitive performance scores, females with scores above 110 had slightly higher odds of coerced sex (OR = 1.20; 95% CI [1.03-1.41]). Further research on pathways underlying these associations is needed to inform prevention efforts.

Lifestyles of Students with Visual Impairments: Preliminary Studies of Social Networks

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Zell Sacks ◽  
Karen E. Wolffe ◽  
Deborah Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Life Success

In this investigation, we examined how adolescents and young adults (15- to 21-year-olds) with visual impairments spent their time engaged in academic, social, daily living, and vocational pursuits in comparison to youth without visual impairments. We conducted two studies: (a) a quantitative analysis between matched pairs of visually impaired and sighted adolescents, and (b) a qualitative analysis involving students with visual impairments only. Both studies identified socialization and career development as areas where students with visual impairments may need additional supports to achieve life success.

scholarly journals Determinants of Sexual Behaviour

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Lalor ◽  
Cathal O'Regan ◽  
Siobhán Quinlan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sexual Experiences ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Category

A sample of 247 college students were surveyed regarding their experiences of consensual sexual experiences below age 16; experiences of ‘boyfriend/girlfriend’ relationships; experiences of lifetime sexual activity and sexual orientation. By age 16, 12 per cent of respondents have had intercourse. Males are one and half to two times more likely than females to report sexual experiences below age 16. Those with urban origins are significantly more likely to report having had sexual experiences before age 16 than those with rural origins. The period 18–20 is characterised by short term dating, leading to much longer lasting relationships in the 21+ age category. For 18–20 year olds, 50.5 per cent report having had sexual intercourse (57 per cent of males and 47.7 per cent of females). Respondents from Dublin city or county are more likely to report having had sexual intercourse than those from a rural/farm background (64 percent and 39 per cent respectively). A surprising trend was the apparently chaste nature of boyfriend/girlfriend relationships in the 18–20 age group. This study examined only sexual experiences. Further research is required to examine the relationship contexts of various sexual experiences.

Childhood Sexual Experiences with Adults Reported by Female Psychiatric Patients

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Palmer ◽  
D. A. Chaloner ◽  
R. Oppenheimer
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sexual Experiences

A group of 115 female psychiatric in-patients and out-patients were studied, using a self-report questionnaire followed by interview, for evidence of childhood sexual activity with adults. About half of the sample reported some childhood sexual experience, ranging from full sexual intercourse to sexual suggestions. Future research should study the possible role of such experience in the genesis of subsequent psychiatric disorder.

Analysis of Korean adolescents' sexual experience and substance use

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 809-817
Author(s):  
Gyu-Young Lee ◽  
Yun-Jung Choi
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Sexual Experiences ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Korean Adolescents

We investigated the relationship between Korean adolescents' sexual experience—including, kissing, petting, and sexual intercourse—and their alcohol consumption and use of illegal drugs and tobacco. We analyzed data taken from the responses of 74,186 adolescents who had participated in the 2012 Korean Youth Health Behavior Online Survey. Variables regarding sexual experiences, experience of contraception, and substance and alcohol use were extracted and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression. The results showed that fewer than 30% of the respondents reported always using contraception, and almost half reported rarely using contraception. The number of boys and girls reporting having had sexual experiences increased from 2 to 4 times when they also reported use of illicit drugs, smoking tobacco, or alcohol consumption. The results highlight a need for school-based sex education supported by a national policy and the provision of basic resources to reduce the incidence of unprotected sex and to improve healthy behavior of adolescents.

scholarly journals Prevalence, pattern and determinants of chronic disease multimorbidity in Nepal: secondary analysis of a national survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e047665
Author(s):  
Raja Ram Dhungana ◽  
Khem Bahadur Karki ◽  
Bihungum Bista ◽  
Achyut Raj Pandey ◽  
Meghnath Dhimal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence, pattern and determinants of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) multimorbidity in Nepal.DesignSecondary analysis of the data from the NCD survey 2018, which was conducted between 2016 and 2018.SettingThe data belong to the nationally representative survey, that selected the study samples from throughout Nepal using multistage cluster sampling.Participants8931 participants aged 20 years and older were included in the study.Primary outcomesNCD multimorbidity (occurrence of two or more chronic conditions including hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease and cancer). Descriptive statistics, prevalence ratio and odds ratio were computed to assess pattern and determinants of multimorbidity.ResultsMean (SD) age was 46.7 years (14.9 years). The majority of the participants were women (57.8%), without formal education (53.4%) and from urban areas (51.5%). Multimorbidity was present in 13.96% (95% CI: 12.9% to 15.1%). Hypertension and diabetes coexisted in 5.7%. Age, alcohol consumption, body mass index, non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) level and rural–urban setting were significantly associated with multimorbidity.ConclusionMultimorbidity was prevalent in particular groups or geographical areas in Nepal suggesting a need for coordinated and integrated NCD care approach for the management of multiplicative co-comorbid conditions.

scholarly journals The effect of food insecurity during college on graduation and type of degree attained: evidence from a nationally representative longitudinal survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Julia A Wolfson ◽  
Noura Insolera ◽  
Alicia J Cohen ◽  
Cindy W Leung
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Degree Attainment ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
First Generation Students ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Objective: To examine the effect of food insecurity during college on graduation and degree attainment. Design: Secondary analysis of longitudinal panel data. We measured food insecurity concurrent with college enrollment using the 18-question USDA Household Food Security Survey Module. Educational attainment was measured in 2015-2017 via two questions about college completion and highest degree attained. Logistic and multinomial-logit models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics were estimated. Setting: United States (US) Participants: A nationally representative, balanced panel of 1,574 college students in the US in 1999-2003 with follow-up through 2015-2017 from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Results: In 1999-2003, 14.5% of college students were food insecure and were more likely to be older, non-White, and first-generation students. In adjusted models, food insecurity was associated with lower odds of college graduation (OR 0.57, 95% CI: 0.37, 0.88, p=0.01) and lower likelihood of obtaining a Bachelor’s degree (RRR 0.57 95% CI: 0.35, 0.92, p=0.02) or graduate/professional degree (RRR 0.39, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.86, p=0.022). These associations were more pronounced among first-generation students. 47.2% of first-generation students who experienced food insecurity graduated from college; food insecure first-generation students were less likely to graduate compared to first-generation students who were food secure (47.2% vs. 59.3%, p=0.020) and non-first-generation students who were food insecure (47.2% vs. 65.2%, p=0.037). Conclusions: Food insecurity during college is a barrier to graduation and higher degree attainment, particularly for first-generation students. Existing policies and programs that help mitigate food insecurity should be expanded and more accessible to the college student population.

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