Expected Lifetime in Different Employment Statuses: Evidence From the Economic Boom-and-Bust Cycle in Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikolaj Stanek ◽  
Miguel Requena
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Boom And Bust ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Economic Boom ◽  
Boom And Bust Cycle ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Impact

This article analyses the impact of the recent economic crisis on the expected time spent in different employment statuses in Spain. Using data from the Economically Active Population Survey and life tables, we estimate the expected time in work, unemployment, retirement, and other types of economic inactivity during the economic boom-and-bust cycle. Differences in expected years of life spent in different employment statuses are decomposed into effects of mortality and employment behavior. Our results show that men’s working life expectancy is much more exposed to economic fluctuations. The impact of the ebbs and flows of the business cycle among women is mitigated by the long-term female trend of growing participation in the labor market associated with the increasing educational attainment of women. In addition, the improvement in mortality only partially contributes to gains in time spent in each status, while the main effects correspond to changes in labor market participation.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Romanian Labor Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Carmen Valentina Radulescu ◽  
Georgiana-Raluca Ladaru ◽  
Sorin Burlacu ◽  
Florentina Constantin ◽  
Corina Ioanăș ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Impact

The present research aims to establish the impact that the current crisis situation the planet is facing, namely the COVID-19 pandemic, has had so far on the Romanian labor force market. In this context, given the lack of information and information regarding this pandemic and its effects, the administration of a questionnaire among the population was considered to identify the research results. The method of semantic differential and the method of ordering the ranks were used for the interpretation of the results. With the help of this questionnaire, it will be possible to answer the question of the research in this study: What are the main effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Romanian labor market? The main results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic affected the Romanian workforce; the respondents of the applied questionnaire claimed that they obtained better results and maintained a similar income, but the health crisis also influenced the mentality of employees, with respondents stating that in the event of changing jobs, they would consider it very important for the new employer to ensure the conditions for preventing and combating COVID-19, as well as complex health insurance. However, analyzing at the macroeconomic level, it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic induced an increase in the number of unemployed people in the Romanian labor market.

scholarly journals EU Refugee Crisis Impact on the European Labor Market

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
Cezar Braicu
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Training Costs ◽  
Active Population ◽  
European System ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Level Training ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The advent and increasing wave of refugees arrived through various channels in Europe last year produce anxiety both in the EU leadership and in the management and organization of European states. Assessing the impact on the local labor market, on the human resources available and on the cost of insertion on the labor market in the EU it is difficult to quantify at present as long as it is not known what will be the final number of these refugees, the level of training them, and not the least the desire for integration into the European system of life and work. Prospects for reducing the number of active population in the EU in the coming years and increasing the lifetime rate require management organizations to carry out careful studies and to analyze and find solutions to integrate the active refugees in the domestic workforce, to assess the increased level training costs and integration in the local organizational culture and, not the least, the impact on the effectiveness of performed activities.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Gender and Race on Earnings in the Library Science Labor Market

2010 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Sweeper ◽  
Steven A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
National Survey ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Income Differences ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Using data from the 2003 National Survey of College Graduates, this paper examines earnings in the library science labor market and assesses the impact of gender on the income attainment process. We use this cross-sectional dataset to determine if there are significant income differences between male and female library science professionals. The approach taken in this paper is to build a theoretical model of income attainment for librarians. We then discuss the methodology used to analyze the data and test the model, followed by a discussion of the results and recommendations for further research.

OCCUPATIONAL SEGREGATION IN THE MALAYSIAN LABOR MARKET: EVIDENCE ON THE L INDEX

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 397-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIEW CHING GOY ◽  
GERAINT JOHNES
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Occupational Segregation ◽  
Time Variable ◽  
Full Model ◽  
Dissimilarity Index ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Empirical research on occupational segregation has conventionally measured it with Duncan dissimilarity index. This paper adopts an alternative approach — the L index — using the multivariate analysis introduced by Spriggs and Williams, which we extend to explore the impact of economic development on occupational segregation. This enables us to investigate the importance of individuals' attributes in explaining the segregation. Using data from the Labor Force Survey between 1985 and 2005, our results indicate that the L index controlling only for sex is substantial and persistent. However, the full model L index generally implies that occupational segregation has widened after controlling for individuals' attributes. It is found that segregation in the Malaysian labor market is mainly explained by gender, which, on average, accounts for 82% of the segregation. When a measure of macroeconomic conditions and a time variable economic are factored into the model that controls for gender only, the L index remains unchanged.

scholarly journals Criminal Justice Involvement and Employment Outcomes Among Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 973-994
Author(s):  
Amanda Sheely
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Criminal Justice Involvement ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates the potentially cumulative effects of being arrested, convicted, and incarcerated on labor market outcomes among women, as well as whether decreased employment levels are due to labor market exclusion or detachment. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, I find that arrested women have reduced levels of employment, due to both labor market exclusion (unemployment) and labor market detachment (not in the labor force). Once the effect of being arrested is taken into account, women who are convicted or incarcerated do not face any additional negative employment consequences. These results demonstrate that policymakers must look beyond incarceration to reduce the impact of criminal justice involvement on women.

scholarly journals Recessions, Retirement, and Social Security

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney C Coile ◽  
Phillip B Levine
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Current Population Survey ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Community Surveys ◽  
Labor Force Status ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines how labor market fluctuations around the time of retirement affect the labor force status and Social Security receipt of individuals ages 55 to 69 and the income of retirees in their 70s, using data from the March Current Population Survey, Census, and American Community Surveys. We find that workers are more likely to leave the labor force, to collect Social Security earlier, and to have lower Social Security income when they face a recession near retirement. The impact is greatest for the less-educated, who are more susceptible to job loss and rely more heavily on Social Security.

scholarly journals House Price Appreciation: The Impact Of No Income Verification Loans And Investor Activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne Kelly
Keyword(s):  
House Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Us ◽  
Price Appreciation ◽  
Boom And Bust ◽  
Price Movements ◽  
Boom And Bust Cycle ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines house price appreciation in the US from 2004 through 2009, a period marked by a boom-and-bust cycle for house prices, to investigate the impact of the extensive use of no income verification loans and investor activity on house price movements. House price appreciation for each state and Washington, DC is modeled in cross-sectional time series regressions using macroeconomic variables and loan type intensities. The findings suggest that widespread use of no income verification loans and non-owner occupied loans directly impacts house price movements and significantly explains the astonishing gains and sudden losses that occurred during the sample period.

scholarly journals Challenges with Estimating U Star in Real Time

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Tasci
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Natural Rate ◽  
Data Points ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Using Data

Although the concept of the natural rate of employment, NAIRU, or “U star” is used to measure the amount of slack in the labor market, it is an unobservable quantity that must be estimated using data currently available. This Commentary investigates the degree to which our estimates of U star at various points in the current business cycle have changed as real-time data have been revised and as more data points have accumulated. I find that the availability of additional data has contributed to a significant change in our estimates of U star at earlier points in the business cycle, a result that suggests we might have been underestimating the level of labor market slack during some of the recent recovery period. In retrospect, our updated estimates of U star suggest labor markets were not as tight as we thought they were then.

THE CURRENT STATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN UKRAINE, THE IMPACT OF COVID-19

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandra Vivchar ◽  
◽  
Natalia Valihura ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Open Data ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the current state of unemployment in Ukraine, the relevance of the study, identifies the main causes and consequences for both the population and the state, reveals the concept of "unemployment" and "unemployment rate". It is determined that unemployment is one of the important socio-economic categories, because, on the one hand, it hinders the production of gross national product - the basis of society, and on the other - does not allow a person to be realized through participation in socially useful work. Using graphical diagrams, the dynamics of the components of the economically active population during 2015 - 2020 was shown. Based on the analysis of statistical data, attention is focused on the risks of impact on the socio-economic state of society and increasing poverty in Ukraine. From the open data, a table was constructed and the unemployment rate in the modern economy was estimated. The need to reduce this level with the help of active state policy is substantiated. The main methods are proposed, the introduction of which will help reduce the number of disabled in Ukraine and reduce the negative socio - economic consequences. It is determined that a necessary condition for balancing the labor market is an active policy of economic development, namely: investment in the country's economy, promoting entrepreneurial activity among the population and regulating the development of existing businesses. Based on the study, the trends of unemployment and the impact on its level of the epidemic situation, in particular quarantine restrictions, were analyzed. It is determined that with the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in the world and in Ukraine, in particular, the situation on the labor market has significantly deteriorated. It is concluded that the issue of unemployment cannot be completely solved, so, despite the measures taken by the state, it is necessary to apply them more actively and implement new effective mechanisms of state regulation to reduce unemployment to a minimum and increase employment in Ukraine.

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