The Effect of Marriage on the Well-Being of Adults

1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
WALTER R. GOVE ◽  
CAROLYN BRIGGS STYLE ◽  
MICHAEL HUGHES
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Emotional Involvement ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
Nomic Structure ◽  
Primary Interaction

We live in a society in which the roles of the individual tend to be both specialized and compartmentalized. Because of the fragmentation of one's relationships it is difficult for an individual to establish a clear identity and to demonstrate to others, and thus oneself, that one is a person of worth. Marriage is a very private relationship and couples are able to develop a social system with its own nomic structure that reflects their attributes and interests. It is a place where one's roles are brought together and decisions are made with regard to how one will perform those roles. An individual's investment in the marital relationship as indicated by time and resources is substantial. It is also an intimate relationship with a high level of emotional involvement and substantial rights and obligations. The primary interaction provided by the marital relationship is thus particularly well suited to the development of a clear definition of the individual's self and worth. Because of these attributes, marriage tends to be strongly related to the well-being of individuals. However, these attributes also often cause conflict and anger in the marital relationship. The benefits of marriage are strongly related to the fact that marriage is a very private relationship. However, because the marital relationship is very personal and private, it tends to be unstable and this instability undercuts many of the benefits derived from marriage. The privacy of marriage also makes effective societal intervention to achieve societal goals particularly difficult.

scholarly journals THE NATURE OF SYMPTOMS: FLUCTUATION OR RESPONSIBILITY AND FREEDOM INTERNALLY OF CHOICE

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Svitlana Kalishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Existential Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Concepts ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Symptom Formation

The paper raises the issue of exacerbation of psychological problems caused by the political and economic environment, which creates a general social tension and becomes a background that exacerbates the existential problems of the individual. That's why author emphasizes on a particular need for the development of therapeutic direction and a detailed and well-grounded development of therapeutic concepts. It creates ways of an effective solve of current problems of psychological health and well-being of the person. The article explained the conceptual provisions of the establishment, operation and therapeutic work with the symptom. The main characteristics, structure and overall symptom phenomenological expanse from the standpoint of the existential approach of the theory of system solutions and system modeling. Psychological functions of a symptom are considered. Issues of operationalization of a symptom and definition of conceptual provisions of its formation are solved . Basic rules of interpretation of a symptom and interpretation of the concept are described in terms of several approaches. The conceptual provisions of symptom formation that allow to include it in psycho-corrective methods are considered in detail. The methods of the existential-systemic technological approach for providing psychological assistance to the client are analyzed and empirically tested, providing dynamic changes in the content of the "picture of the world" of clients in the cognitive and ontological plans. According to the empirical study, psychosomatic, emotional and behavioral symptoms were presented. It has been shown that symptoms with different specificities have unchanging constituents and functions. It also has been shown that applying an existential approach helps the symptomatic client to produce a new, better reality that will take into account the actual needs and aspirations of the subject. Thus, the main task, which is directed and work with the symptom – is the person's approach to himself/herself, greater sensitivity to his own real existential aspirations.

Reconciling Normative and Behavioral Economics: An Application of the “Naturalistic Approach” to the Adaptation Problem

2014 ◽  
Vol 234 (2-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Schubert ◽  
Martin Binder
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Welfare Economics ◽  
Preference Formation ◽  
Individual Preferences ◽  
Opportunity Sets ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
Adaptive Preference ◽  
Vexing Problem

SummaryWhile standard economic theory takes individual preferences as stable and “given”, i.e., independent of situational context, real-world preferences tend to vary with changing opportunity sets. This is exemplified by Aesop’s fable of the fox and the sour grapes. This phenomenon of “adaptive preference formation” poses a vexing problem for normative economics: preferences which constitute the measuring rod for welfare are in turn shaped by the (economic) situation of the individual, leading to problems epitomized by Amartya Sen’s “hopeless beggar” dilemma: The beggar, enduring objectively miserable circumstances, nonetheless claims to have all his preferences satisfied, which would lead orthodox welfare economics to establish a high level of well-being. For those who find this counterintuitive, different solutions for the “adaptation problem” have been proposed in the literature, typically centering on highly demanding rationality and information requirements. We argue that, in order to cope with this and related problems of preference endogeneity, welfare economics rather needs to account for recent psychological insights into the mechanisms that drive preference formation and change. We then use these insights to suggest and apply a procedural criterion of autonomous preference formation.

scholarly journals Advancing Behavioral Health Literacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Scollione
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Behavioral Health Care ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Accessing, comprehending, and using information to make informed decisions and improve one’s overall health or well-being are the foci of health literacy. The concept of behavioral health was introduced in the early 1980s and, since then, it has influenced new ideas (e.g., behavioral health literacy and integrated behavioral health care) and gained research and public attention. My aim is to provide an overview of definitions (i.e., health literacy, mental health literacy, and behavioral health literacy) and their connection to each other. I propose an expanded and honed definition of behavioral health literacy to enhance the behavioral health literacy and well-being of the individual as well as the community, with the hope of reducing both physical and behavioral negative health conditions and improving overall quality of life for all people.

scholarly journals Well-being, capabilities and philosophical practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Bulatovic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Philosophical Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
Unique Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Assess Quality

The concept of well being has become the main criterion to assess quality of life in contemporary society. Individual well-being describes the individual quality of life, while social well-being refers to quality of life in a society. Given that well-being has a multitude of dimensions, a unique definition of it is elusive to scholars. In this article social well-being is conceptualised as a dynamic process within the context set by social integration as one?s relationship to society and the community. This includes the quality of interaction between the individual and society and one?s ?social actualisation? understood as the realisation of one?s social capacities. Social actualisation also involves one?s ability to influence social processes and to benefit from social cohesion, which consists, in any society, of the quality, organisation and functioning of the social world. Hence the ability to impact society is an integral part of individual well being. This paper suggests that philosophical practice as a new paradigm in the humanities holds out promise for the improvement of both individual and social well-being.

scholarly journals Compliance of the expert with the self-isolation in the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic as a factor of the psychological well-being

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 358-363
Author(s):  
Elena A. Sorokoumova ◽  
Elena I. Cherdymova ◽  
Elena B. Puchkova ◽  
Larisa V. Temnova ◽  
Tatiana I. Bonkalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Family ◽  
Occupational Activities ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

Introduction. Experts in many occupations are to carry out their occupational activities in unusual conditions. And in particular, in a remote mode, which can be a factor that reduces the level of psychological well-being of the individual if there is no compliance with the situation of self-isolation. The purpose of the study is to study the teachers’ compliance with the situation of self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The tasks of the study include the detection of the grade of the compliance with the situation of self-isolation during the pandemic, the analysis of the level of compliance with the situation of self-isolation during the pandemic as a factor of psychological well-being of teachers. Material and methods. We surveyed 124 teachers (between 23 to 67 years). The respondents’ answers are represented on three scales: Understanding the situation of self-isolation’, ‘Understanding of oneself in the situation of isolation, ‘Understanding the characteristics of the interactions and communication in the situation of isolation’. Results. Most respondents agree with the need for self-isolation and consider it to be a practical approach to prevent the incidence of COVID-19. The most pronounced responses are the ones on improving occupational and cultural levels. Most of the respondents note a high level of understanding of the value of relationships. Discussion. In particular, the problem of insufficiently high level of self-understanding in the situation of self-isolation, along with the acknowledgement of the need to comply with it, to be revealed. In this regard, it is advisable to provide psychological assistance in the form of information support for the population. Conclusion. That the better the respondents understand the need for self-isolation, the more effective the process of communication and interaction with others is, and, consequently, the less damage is caused to the level of psychological well-being of the individual. Due to the established lack of understanding of oneself in the situation of self-isolation, the following can be considered practical areas of informational psychological support: critical attitude to information that appears in various sources; building positive relationships within the family; managing work at home to ensure good performance; preserving the ability to return to the usual mode of life after the period of self-isolation.

A User-oriented Protocol for Integrating Heterogeneous Communication Systems of Medical Facilities Using Ports

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (02) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. GierI ◽  
R. Greiller ◽  
Th. Landersdorfer ◽  
H. Müller ◽  
K. Überla
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Message Passing ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Heterogeneous Systems ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Complex Functions ◽  
Data Objects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

Abstract:The crucial feature of future communication systems in hospitals will be the heterogeneity between the individual systems. People working in a hospital do not communicate via data objects, but via highly complex functions like preparation of a patient report or diagnosis of patients’ symptoms and signs. Essentially such tasks are accomplished by initiating remote functions in various modes of a communication system. The aim of the MEDAS protocol developed by our group is to propose a definition of such a high-level medical protocol and then to implement it. Our user-oriented protocol permits information exchange between heterogeneous systems. Modules and functions are defined. Message passing to and from a processor is realized using ports. The protocol sequence of every communication request is described. The relation of ports to the ISO model is specified. First experiences in a network for a medical school are reported.

Assessment of the relationship between territorial loyalty and emotional burning: results of a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V Volkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
Emotional Burnout ◽  
The Relationship

The article introduces a new term in Russian science — territorial loyalty, which is a specific perceptual-behavioral phenomenon. The definition of this term is given, the relevance of the study, due to the existing research contradictions identified by the author, is substantiated, and an analogy with another loyalty type — organizational — is drawn. A comparison of organizational and territorial loyalty with reliance on the empirical research results leads to the idea of another perceptualbehavioral phenomenon — emotional burnout, the formation of which the individual affects its loyalty — organizational or territorial. The article gives a brief description of the author’s research tools pilot version for assessing the territorial loyalty, and also describes the questionnaire, which is one of the most Russian famous tools for studying emotional burnout. A pilot study of the relationship between emotional burnout and territorial loyalty was conducted on a small sample included 15 respondents (educational system employees and university students), in connection with which a quantitative data analysis was carried out using non-parametric methods. As a result, with a high level of statistical significance, it was found that the severity of territorial loyalty of non-burnt respondents is lower than the severity of this phenomenon in individuals characterized by an average, high or critical emotional burnout level, that is, the existence of a relationship between emotional burnout and territorial loyalty is confirmed. In addition, further research areas have been outlined: for example, the question remains as to which of the considered indicators is a predictor and which is a dependent variable

scholarly journals Considering the Differential Impact of Three Facets of Organizational Health Climate on Employees’ Well-Being

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zandra M. Zweber ◽  
Robert A. Henning ◽  
Vicki J. Magley ◽  
Pouran Faghri
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Organizational Health ◽  
Employee Health ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

One potential way that healthy organizations can impact employee health is by promoting a climate for health within the organization. Using a definition of health climate that includes support for health from multiple levels within the organization, this study examines whether all three facets of health climate—the workgroup, supervisor, and organization—work together to contribute to employee well-being. Two samples are used in this study to examine health climate at the individual level and group level in order to provide a clearer picture of the impact of the three health climate facets.k-means cluster analysis was used on each sample to determine groups of individuals based on their levels of the three health climate facets. A discriminant function analysis was then run on each sample to determine if clusters differed on a function of employee well-being variables. Results provide evidence that having strength in all three of the facets is the most beneficial in terms of employee well-being at work. Findings from this study suggest that organizations must consider how health is treated within workgroups, how supervisors support employee health, and what the organization does to support employee health when promoting employee health.

Green Ergonomics and Green Buildings

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Thatcher ◽  
Karen Milner
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Organizational Outcomes ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Green Building Design ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

In this article, we explore the individual and organizational outcomes associated with a move from traditional buildings to three green buildings. Our findings revealed that high-level organizational measures were not notably affected by the move. Changes were, however, seen in physical well-being and perceived environmental comfort. The primary drivers were air quality and lighting. The need to consider human factors/ergonomics in green building design has been recognized by the Green Building Council of South Africa as an industry standard and as the starting point for the development of an interior design rating tool. Longer-term impacts of green buildings on organizationally relevant indicators still need to be established.

scholarly journals Urban design and therapeutic landscapes. Evolving theme.

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-140
Author(s):  
Monika Trojanowska
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Therapeutic Landscapes ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

The global pandemic of COVID-19, which enforced strict isolation, demonstrated the responsibility of architects and planners for public health promotion. While the concept of therapeutic landscapes is rather new, the quest for designing health-promoting human environment is at least as old as urban planning. The garden suburbs of Ebenezer Howard and Patrick Geddes were planned to promote health and well-being. The ultimate goal of Le Corbusier was to provide daylight and fresh air to each apartment. However, towers in open green space, which were built according to his visions, turned into unfriendly large suburbs. Today, the definition of therapeutic landscapes encompasses not only physical aspects of environment but also social and psychological factors. This study focuses on attempts to create health-promoting places. The interesting question is  what are the architectural features linked to health promotion? Although the individual perception of health-promoting places is subjective and may vary, there are some objective qualities of eco-neighbourhoods that are conducive to human health and longevity. This study combines literature review with field observation and resultes in the development of the conceptual framework which can be consolidated into the universal standards for health-promoting places.

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