scholarly journals Proactive state geographies: Geocoded intelligence in London’s ‘suburban shanty towns’

2021 ◽  
pp. 026377582110309
Author(s):  
Theo Barry Born
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Predictive Modelling ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Digital City ◽  
State Transformation ◽  
Institutional Practices ◽  
Racial Capitalism ◽  
Data Infrastructures ◽  
The Government ◽  
Connecting The Dots

This article draws on an ethnographic approach to concrete institutional practices and machine learning algorithms to analyse emergent proactive state geographies in London’s suburbs. The article assesses predictive modelling in housing enforcement in respect of the government of migrant housing precarity in the interstices of rentier and racial capitalism. The article develops two central contentions concerning these proactive state geographies. First, relations between geopolitics, the racialisation of urban space and algorithms need to be situated in relation to institutional state prosaics. ‘Connecting the dots’, a motif of post-9/11 pre-emptive securitisation, is located in suburban housing enforcement regimes corresponding to the politicisation of overcrowding, while the enactment of data-driven intelligence, including in raids, renews the border in these suburbs. Second, proactive technologies work through state data infrastructures. Geocoding, a technique of urban legibility designating the property grid, organises the algorithmic production of legality/illegality and consequently public health and housing futures in the digital city. While the analysis stems from a specific context, the article aims to contribute to interdisciplinary debates about politics, algorithms and state transformation spanning political, urban and digital geography and cognate fields.

scholarly journals Government houses as presentation of power and ideology in the Ottoman State: The case of Safranbolu Government House

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
Sema Tuba Özmen ◽  
Beyza Onur
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Dominant Ideology ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City ◽  
Ideological Context ◽  
The Ideal

Architecture, which is associated with the practice of producing space, has always rendered the powers and ideologies visible. This study investigates the government houses in the 19th century Ottoman State with regard to the notions of power and ideology and focuses on the Government House of Safranbolu. It is known that, in the specified period, government houses were important ideological interventions to urban space. This study aims to address the ideological context of the Safranbolu Government House, which is positioned with the ideal of the state. Based on this, first, the urban history of Safranbolu was examined. The importance of Safranbolu Government House in the history of the city, its relationship with the city, its ideological message to the city-dwellers and its architectural style were analyzed through a method based on archival research. All government houses of the period are the artifacts of urban-spatial structures and their architectural style as well as a shared ideology. Safranbolu Government House, which is one of the structures symbolizing the Ottoman State, was also built with a similar ideological consideration. Thus, the readability of the dominant ideology through the production style of Safranbolu Government House, one of the final period architectural artifacts of the Ottoman State, was verified.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Germaine R. Halegoua
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
Digital City ◽  
Mobile Media ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Cautionary Tales

This chapter provides an overview of the territory and arguments that The Digital City explores. In recent work on digital and mobile media technologies, scholarly perspectives have broadened to recognize positive associations between digital media and experiences of place. Humans and machines are no longer readily perceived as mutually exclusive categories, nor are they treated as separate considerations for designers of everyday experience. People work with technologies to move through and experience places. This book aims to illustrate and analyze the ways actors are actually using digital technologies and practices to re-embed themselves within urban space and to create a sense of place for themselves and others. Although there are copious cautionary tales around the potential for digital media to dissociate or liberate us from the confines of physical locations, we’ve lacked careful attention to the ways people actually use digital media to become placemakers. Creating and controlling a sense of place is still the primary way that we connect with our environments, interact with others, and express our identities. The Digital City offers a new theoretical framework for thinking about our relationship to digital media by reconceptualizing common, everyday interactions with digital media as placemaking activities.

Transformation and Continuity in Urban Space

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-44
Author(s):  
Julian Zimmermann ◽  
Julian Happes ◽  
Nadja Bergis
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Digital City ◽  
Teaching Methodologies ◽  
Learning Skills ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Digital Narratives

The progressive digitization of society is irreversibly changing education. Specialists in teaching methodologies are having to address questions raised by the digital revolution in schools and develop appropriate training for teachers. This article responds to this revolution by proposing that smartphones be used to support digital teaching and learning processes in extracurricular learning settings. Specifically, it presents digital city tours as potential tools designed to help learners to explore the urban space integral to their living environment, recognize its historical dimension, and work on this dimension by developing digital narratives. The smartphone is understood here as a tool that makes it possible for learners to experience history and that encourages them to develop learning skills.

The Urbanism of Racial Capitalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Andrew Herscher
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Order ◽  
The Political ◽  
American City ◽  
Industrial Capitalism ◽  
Property Development ◽  
Racial Capitalism ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Emerging in British agricultural discourse in the seventeenth century, the term blight moved from agriculture to culture, and so from countryside to city, in the context of the industrializing American city of the early twentieth century. This city housed increasingly large populations of reserve labor and provided increasingly large spaces to accommodate that population. Defined as “blight,” the spaces occupied by reserve labor were expelled from the very system that produced them: those spaces become obstacles to property development, as opposed to products of a disavowed form of de-development. As race has been the principal medium of difference that has legitimized and stabilized the hierarchical social order of industrial capitalism, the management of “blight” also inscribed race in urban space. A long but continuous line therefore connects the political definition of “black”—in terms of an absence of the full rights of persons, from the era of enslavement, through the era of segregation, to the present—with the political definition of “blight” in terms of an absence of full rights to property from the era of urban renewal into present-day austerity urbanism.

Citizen Participation in Chinese Urban Planning: Learning from Shenyang and Qingdao

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 1503-1506
Author(s):  
Chong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Commercial Area ◽  
The Government ◽  
International Experts ◽  
Renewal Project

This article reviews two projects with citizen participation in China: the resource recovery project in Shenyang and Taidong facade renewal project in Qingdao. In Shenyang, the international experts’ team motivated about 600 inhabitants to separate bioorganic garbage with satisfying result. In Qingdao, the cooperation between the government and the voluntary artists’ organization effectively completed the facade renewal project of Taidong commercial area. These two projects are able to demonstrate that citizen participation helps improve the quality of Chinese urban space under present conditions, and that the push of the authority and the moderation of the specialists are the key factors for successfully integrating the strength of the citizens into planning practice.

Built Heritage Conservation and the Voluntary Sector: The Case of the Tung Wah Coffin Home in Hong Kong

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Yun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Voluntary Sector ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
The Government ◽  
Built Heritage Conservation

AbstractBuilt heritage conservation is not easily achievable through the market, as it involves use of urban space and thus opportunity cost. The problem is more serious if there is no government support. This is the case in Hong Kong, where both the market and the state are not favorable to built heritage conservation. However, in 2005, through a local voluntary organization, a built heritage of Hong Kong—the Tung Wah Coffin Home—was conserved, and the project won one local and one regional conservation award. While conservation of built heritage by the voluntary sector has been common among developed countries, it is new in Hong Kong. This article first situates the issue in a general political-economy perspective and then analyzes the case of the Tung Wah Coffin Home, in particular, in the context of Hong Kong. The purpose is to examine what this case tells us about the role of the voluntary sector and its relationship with the government in providing built heritage conservation.

scholarly journals The dynamics of traffic congestion: a specific look into malaysian scenario and the plausible solutions to eradicate it using machine learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1086
Author(s):  
M. Ali ◽  
T. K. Sheng ◽  
K. M. Yusof ◽  
M. R. Suhaili ◽  
N. E. Ghazali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
The Government

Transportation has been considered as the backbone of the economy for the past many years. Unfortunately, since few years due to the uncontrolled urbanization and inadequate planning, countries are facing problem of congestion. The congestion is hindering the economic growth and also causing environmental issues. This has caused serious concerns among the major economies of the world, especially in Asia-Pacific region. Many countries are playing an active role in eradicating this problem and some have been quite successful so far. Malaysia, being a major ASEAN economy is also tackling with this huge problem. The authorities are committed to solve the issue. In this regard, solving the issue leveraging the use of big data analytics has become crucial. The authorities can form a complete robust framework based on big data analytics and decision making process to solve the issue effectively. The work focuses and observes the traffic data samples and analyzes the accuracy of machine learning algorithms, which helps in decision making. Yet, here is a lot to be done if the government needs to solve the problem effectively. Supposedly, a comprehensive big data transport framework leveraging machine learning, is one way to solve the issue.

scholarly journals RELECTURA DE DOS CIUDADES DESDE LOS CONCEPTOS DE LEFEBVRE

2020 ◽  
pp. 213-229
Author(s):  
Karina Chérrez-Rodas
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Control Right ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

El siguiente escrito es una revisión bibliográfica que se desarrolla en función de tres conceptos claves de Lefebvre: El Derecho a la Ciudad, El Control Social y el Espacio Urbano; concebidos en el marco de sus líneas de investigación y orientación marxista. La investigación pretende emplear apreciaciones del autor en mención, enmarcadas en el acontecer de la ciudad en la actualidad, y trasladar a la relectura de problemáticas puntuales en dos ciudades latinoamericanas: Cuenca-Ecuador y Córdoba-Argentina. A partir del Derecho a la Ciudad definido por Lefebvre; se realiza una crítica, al trazado de la nueva área de planificación urbanística en Cuenca, basado en principios funcionalistas, que ha jerarquizado la circulación vehicular, en detrimento del uso peatonal del espacio público. En la misma línea de la crítica de la modernidad, el control social se manifiesta en un sector de la ciudad de Córdoba, el predio de la Casa de Gobierno. Analizar problemáticas en contextos similares, pero a la vez con diferentes escalas de ciudad, permiten validar las tesis y reflexiones de Lefebvre en su época para la planificación de ciudades contemporáneas, cuyos modelos de desarrollo han tenido como consecuencia deficiencias en la vida urbana. Palabras clave: Ciudades, control social, Derecho a la ciudad, espacio urbano, vida urbana. AbstractThe following piece of writing is a bibliographic review that was developed from three key concepts of Lefebvre: Right to the City, Social Control and Urban Space. It was conceived within the framework of his lines of research and Marxist orientation. The research intends to use the author's appreciations in mention, framed in the events of the city at present, and to transfer to the re-reading of specific problems in two Latin American cities: Cuenca-Ecuador and Córdoba-Argentina. Based on the right to the city defined by Lefebvre, a critique was made of the new urban planning area in Cuenca, based on functionalist principles, which has hierarchized vehicle circulation to the detriment of the pedestrian use of public space. Under the same line of the criticism of modernity, social control was manifested in a sector of the city of Córdoba, the Government House site. Problems in similar contexts were analyzed, but at the same time with different city scales. It allowed us to validate Lefebvre's thesis and reflections in his time for the planning of contemporary cities, whose development models have resulted in deficiencies in urban life. Keywords: Cities, social control, Right to the city, urban space, urban life.

scholarly journals A Discussion for the protection of the environnement in the law of planification in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government

This article aims to answer the question that if the law of planification of China, really takes account of the objectives of environmental protection.   The answer is based on, first of all, the reform of system of land ownership (direct link of the development of urbanization). This article cracks the problem by two approaches: the state and collective property right. The first part of the analysis is macro-perspective, i.e., the course of land reform and the land users. In general, the state remains the sole owner of all the land and delegates the local governments to manage the use of land in China. However, the high interest undermines their roles, and degradation of environment in the process of urbanization continues. Based on this observation, we analyzed their administration, i.e., who are the actors and how the powers are shared. The lack of transparency and independence is in its structure, i.e., they have ambitions to have a good protection but the conflict appears frequently.    In the further part, micro-vision was employed. We focused on the regulations of planification, procedures and formalities that is deeply involved. In fact, we find that the volume of law was expanded and a need of consolidation is urgent for the coherence, accessibility and understanding of law. Then it follows the analysis of two typical procedures: the procedure of environmental assessment as well as participation. These procedures are the practical implementation of the consideration of the environment. The fact is that rapid urbanization resulted in a reconfiguration of the urban space, and the appearance of a variety of interests. The degradation of environment, coupled with the importance of urbanization has become a challenge to governance. People realized more and more issues related to housing, welfare and citizenship. This forces the government to change their policies and acts.    From different points of views- historical, political, administrative, legal and social- this research determines how a better environmental protection can play in law of planification. The reforms are envisaged, and there are still problems: the harmonization and consistency of the regulations, the clarity of the law for his efficiency and law security, the improvement of the process. Contrary to what is received, the government has intention to solve this question, as demonstrated by his consistency to innovation and reform in the field. At the present, planification, rather than a method of protection, works for the growth of the economy. Due to the lack of effective regulation, the real consideration of environment is still very limited.

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