Fear of Crime Victimization: A Study of University Students in India and Japan

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumaravelu Chockalingam ◽  
Murugesan Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
The City ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Previous research has established that fear of crime victimization is a result of many factors including age, gender, race, income, neighbourhood variables, prior victimization and so on. The present research was conducted to test the following hypotheses: (1) fear of crime victimization is dependent on the country in which one lives; (2) socio-demographic characteristics affect fear of crime victimization; (3) economic status affects fear of crime victimization; and (4) prior experience of victimization affects fear of crime victimization. Using a structured questionnaire, constructed for the purpose, data were collected from a sample of 725 students from the city of Chennai (India) and 715 students from Mito City in Japan. The results of the study revealed that there was a difference in the level of fear of crime victimization between the respondents from India and Japan. Fear of crime victimization was influenced by some factors such as gender, age and the place of residence of respondents. In contrast to many previous studies relating to influence of prior victimization, it is puzzling to note that prior experience of crime victimization did not influence positively fear of crime victimization.

scholarly journals Perception of victim treatment by police and courts: A study among university students in India and Japan

Temida ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumaravelu Chockalingam ◽  
Murugesan Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The People ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The City ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Previous research has established that the perception of victim treatment is influenced by a number of factors such as socio-demographic characteristics, economic status of the people, prior victimization and so on. Against this background, a study was conducted to examine the factors influencing the perception of victim treatment by police and courts. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from a sample of 725 students from the city of Chennai (India) and 715 students from the city of Mito in Japan. The results revealed that while some of the factors such as gender, age, religion and community of the respondents have significantly influenced the perception of victim treatment, the effects of place of stay, nativity and income on the perception of victim treatment were not found to be significant.

scholarly journals Development of agritourism in Poland: a critical analysis of students’ expectations of agritourism farms

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Wioletta Kamińska ◽  
Mirosław Mularczyk
Keyword(s):  
Market Segmentation ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Small Extent ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Level Scale ◽  
Active Leisure

Abstract The aim of this paper is to determine the expectations of students from selected Polish academic centers toward facilities at agritourist farms, and identifying the socio-demographic characteristics that determined those expectations. A survey method was used in this research. Using the Likert’s five-level scale, respondents rated the significance of elements of agritourist farm facilities. It was found that academic youth expected, above all, facilities for enabling passive leisure and the independent preparation of meals. Provision of facilities for active leisure were of less significance to them. Gender, place of living, field of study and prior experience connected to leisure on the farms analyzed were not factors that differentiated students’ expectations. A weak correlation was found between students’ expectations of facilities at agritourist farms and their economic status. Students’ expectations were very similar to the expectations of the average agritourist. Research results confirmed some of the results known from the literature, stating that socio-demographic characteristics differentiated the expectations of academic youth to a small extent. However, the effects obtained did not correspond to results claiming that age, gender, place of living and income have a significant influence on tourist expectations. Additionally psychographic characteristics should be considered in the following research. A combination of demographic and psychographic characteristics may offer a wider base for analysis and give better end results, allowing market segmentation.

scholarly journals Socio-Cultural Field as the Factor of Youth Personalities' Social Adaptation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
L. Е. Tarasova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Life Activity ◽  
Cultural Field ◽  
The City ◽  
City Village

The article presents the meaning of socio-cultural field of a personality by its ascriptive status, based on social background, economic status, place of residence and territorial belonging. It discusses the opportunity of socio-cultural field study as the factor of youth personalities’ social adaptation on the basis of dichotomy center – province (city – village). It shows that one of the most important differences of a village from a city is that a village subculture primarily remains a classical subculture of village producers – traditionalist, memorial-oriented, while a city one has clear prognostic orientations. The author marks that the process of social adaptation of the city and village youth generally depends on the conditions of socialization (city – village), varying principles of social organization and regulation of life activity of a personality, that leads to actualization of different adaptational mechanisms.

scholarly journals International academic mobility: the attraction factors of Brazilians students in Spain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Kingeski ◽  
Jordi Olivella Nadal
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
Brazilian Students ◽  
Spanish Universities ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The mobility of university students abroad is a phenomenon of great importance in the context of globalization and internationalization of higher education. Certain factors, such as the image of the institution, the country, the city, the evaluation of the study program, the cost, selection processes and even personal resources can determine the destination country. This article seeks to identify the attraction factors for which Brazilian university students choose Spanish universities to carry out their higher education. An exploratory study of a qualitative nature was conducted, a semi-structured questionnaire applied to twenty-eight Brazilian students of official rank: graduation, master's degree and doctorate. Data analysis was based on the assessment of attraction factors. The results indicate that the language, the tradition of the Spanish universities, the scholarships of the country of origin and the more flexible selection processes are important factors in the decision of these subjects. Spain is an option for many international students and the flow of Brazilian students to this country is significant, the authors also consider that these flows may be much larger in the future.

scholarly journals Motivos de não adesão ao exercício físico em docentes da Educação Básica: um estudo seccional qualitativo

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Maria Castellano ◽  
Thais Reis Silva de Paulo ◽  
Regina Rovigati Simões
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Functions ◽  
School Work ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The City ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Introdução: O ritmo acelerado de vida dos professores em seu ambiente de trabalho, associado às múltiplas funções desempenhadas, conferem a essa categoria um elevado nível de esforço, sendo considerada uma das profissões com maior vulnerabilidade a problemas de saúde.Objetivo: Avaliar os motivos de não adesão à prática habitual de atividade física (PHAF) em professores da Educação Básica.Métodos: Estudo seccional, de abordagem qualitativa, com amostragem por conveniência composta por 193 docentes da cidade de Uberaba-MG. Foi desenvolvido um questionário estruturado para o estudo, constituído por perguntas sobre características sociodemográficas, de saúde e quanto aos motivos da não adesão à PHAF.Resultados: Todos os professores trabalhavam em duas escolas e ministravam, em média, 34 aulas por semana. O principal motivo para a não adesão à PHAF apontado foi a falta de tempo (78,2%), seguido de cansaço (8,8%), falta de ânimo (4,6%), dinheiro (3,6%), comodismo (2,0%), preguiça (1,5%) e falta de hábito (1,0%).Conclusão: A falta de tempo e os fatores secundários estão intimamente interligados e podem estar vinculados ao estresse relacionado à atividade docente afetando a motivação em praticar exercícios. Sugere-se que sejam realizados estudos longitudinais para que seja possível inferir causalidade quanto à associação de hábitos e comportamentos ativos dos professores com a falta de aderência à PHAF. Reasons for non-Adherence to Physical Exercise in Teachers of Basic Education: A Qualitative Sectional Study Introduction: The school work environment imposes on Brazilian teachers an accelerated pace of life, which combined with the multiple functions performed lead to high levels of effort. Therefore, that profession is considered one of the most vulnerable to health problems.Objective: To evaluate the reasons for not adhering to the habitual physical activity (HPA) in Basic Education teachers.Methods: A sectional study, with a qualitative approach, with convenience sampling composed of 193 basic education teachers from the city of Uberaba-MG. A structured questionnaire was developed for the study, consisting of questions about socio-demographic characteristics, health, and reasons for non-adherence to PHAF.Results: All teachers worked in two schools and taught, on average, 34 classes per week. The main reason for not adhering to the PHAF was lack of time (78.2%), followed by fatigue (8.8%), lack of mood (4.6%), money (3.6%), (2.0%), laziness (1.5%) and lack of habit (1.0%).Conclusion: Lack of time and secondary factors are closely intertwined and may be linked to stress related to teacher activity affecting motivation in exercising. It is suggested that longitudinal studies be performed in order to infer causality regarding the association of teachers' active habits and behaviors with the lack of adherence to PHAF.

scholarly journals The Impact of Practicing Sports Activities on the Emotional State of Jordanian University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Lubna Mahmoud Obeidat ◽  
Fatima Nasser Aljarrah
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Survey Form ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Sports Activities

This study aims to identify the effect of sports activities on the emotional state of Jordanian university students and its relationship to variables (student specialization, student's place of residence, and student's age); the descriptive approach was used in its survey form by developing a questionnaire to measure students' perceptions of the importance of practicing physical activities consisting of (30) items. The study sample consisted of (186) students. The results of the study indicated that the average answers of the sample of the study were a high degree of the importance of practicing physical activities, which revealed full awareness of the importance of those activities from students, the results also indicated that male students are more aware and aware of the importance of practicing female physical activities, and the results of the study indicated that the student’s specialization (scientific or human college) and for the benefit of students of human specializations from students of scientific colleges, as well as the place of residence, the results show that it has a statistically significant effect for the benefit of the villagers, as the results reflected that the students who live outside the city are more aware of the importance of practicing these activities, and the results of this study may be beneficial for both parents and teachers to increase awareness of their children to practice physical activities in their everyday lives  of all ages.   Received: 27 December 2021 / Accepted: 9 February 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021

scholarly journals The importance of understanding the connection between the characteristics and motivation of visitors

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Ines Milohnić ◽  
Ivana Licul ◽  
Ivona Predović
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Cultural Experiences ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Event Managers

The purpose of this paper is to examine the characteristics and motivations of event visitors. The goals are to systematically identify socio-demographic characteristics of visitors to tourist events and identify key motivation for visiting tourist events. In addition, the research aims to investigate the correlation between the socio-demographic characteristics of visitors and their motivations for visiting a tourist event. The research was conducted among the visitors of a tourist event (103 respondents), using the survey method and a pre-designed structured questionnaire. The survey was conducted in April 2017, during the duration of an event which is held every year in the city of Zagreb in the Republic of Croatia. The results of the conducted research have shown significant differences between the different socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents and their motivations. Thus, women are more highly motivated by a desire for cultural experiences (34%), while men are motivated the most by curiosity/desire for new experiences (45%). Furthermore, correlation analysis has led to the conclusion that there is a significant correlation between motivation domains and the socio-demographic characteristics of respondents (gender, age and education). Understanding the visitors’ characteristics and event motivations could serve as a useful tool for event managers. It could help them to develop and manage events, with the aim of improving the event offering to meet the needs and demands of different visitors. Given the growing importance of events as an enrichment element of the tourism offering, this research can contribute to the advancement of knowledge in this field.

What Determines The Migration Intentions Of University Students?

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Heiko Haase ◽  
Arndt Lautenschläger
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Migration Decision ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Intention To Stay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The University

AbstractThe paper aims at exploring determinants of the university students' intentions to stay within their university region. At this, we presume that students' career choice motivations are related to their professional intentions, which again, along with demographic characteristics, affect their migration decision. Our analysis is based on a cross-sectional study of 2,353 students from three different higher education institutions, two of them located in Germany and one in Namibia. Results indicate that in Germany migration matters because a considerable proportion of students intend to leave the university region after graduation. At this, we found that the students' geographical provenance exerts the most significant effect on the intention to stay. Moreover, certain professional intentions were directly and some career choice motivations were indirectly linked with the intention to remain at the university location. We present several conclusions and implications.

scholarly journals Shopping list development and use of advertisements’ pre-store food-buying practices within different socio-economic status areas in South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (12) ◽  
pp. 2880-2902
Author(s):  
Rodney Graeme Duffett ◽  
Crystal Foster
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Shopping List ◽  
Food Shopping ◽  
Food Buying Practices

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine whether there is a difference in the development of shopping lists and use of advertisements as pre-store food-buying practices in terms of planned shopping by South African consumers who dwell in different socio-economic status (SES) areas. The paper also considers the influence of shopper and socio-demographic characteristics on pre-store food-buying practices in a developing country. Design/methodology/approach A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey 1 200 consumers in retail stores in low, middle and high SES areas in South Africa. A generalised linear model was employed for the statistical analysis of pre-store food-buying practices within the SES area groups in a developing country. Findings South African consumers that reside in high SES area displayed the largest of shopping list development, while consumers who dwell in low SES areas showed the highest incidence of advertisement usage. Several shopper and socio-demographic characteristics were also found to have an influence on pre-store food-buying practices in different SES areas in South Africa. Research limitations/implications A qualitative approach would offer a deeper understanding of consumers’ pre-store food shopping predispositions as opposed to the quantitative approach, which was adopted for this study. A longitudinal design would also provide a more extensive representation of pre-store food shopping practices over a longer time frame than cross-sectional research. The survey was conducted on Saturdays, whereas consumers who shop during the week may have different shopping and socio-demographic characteristics. Practical implications Astute food brands, marketers and grocery stores could use the findings of this study to assist with their marketing efforts that they direct at consumers in different SES areas in South Africa and other developing countries. Social implications The findings of this study may assist consumers in developing countries, especially those who reside in low SES areas, with food-buying strategies to reduce food costs, make wiser purchase decisions and reduce shopping. Originality/value No study (to the best of the researchers’ knowledge) has considered shopping list development and use of advertisements’ pre-store food-buying practices in different SES areas in a developing country. Furthermore, there is a dearth of research analysing shopper and socio-demographic characteristics in relation to pre-store food-buying practices among different SES areas in developing and developed countries.

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