The Effect of a Single Dose of Quazepam (Sch-16134) on the Sleep of Chronic Insomniacs

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Roth ◽  
Elizabeth I Tietz ◽  
Milton Kramer ◽  
Mark Kaffeman
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Subjective Measures ◽  
Sleep Maintenance ◽  
Eeg Changes ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Polysomnographic Recording

The present study evaluated the efficacy of 25 mg of quazepam, a new benzodiazepine hypnotic, in a population of chronic insomniacs. The results indicate that a single dose (25 mg) administered for one night was efficacious when measured both objectively by polysomnographic recording and subjectively by questionnaire with no reported side-effects. The change in the objective measures paralleled the direction of change in subjective measures. Sleep efficiency and sleep maintenance were improved without EEG changes in Stages 2, 3-4, and REM. Further study is needed to evaluate the effects of chronic administration of different doses of quazepam in chronic insomniacs.

Gastric Ulcers Produced by Cisplatin

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
S.K. Aggarwal ◽  
J. San Antonio
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Enzyme Cytochemistry ◽  
Intestinal Toxicity ◽  
Ovarian Cancers ◽  
Inner Surface

Cisplatin (cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II)) a potent antitumor agent is now available for the treatment of testicular and ovarian cancers. It is however, not free from its serious side effects including nephrotoxicity, gastro intestinal toxicity, myelosuppression, and ototoxicity. Here we now report that the drug produces peculiar bloating of the stomach in rats and induces acute ulceration.Wistar-derived rats weighing 200-250 g were administered cisplatin(9 mg/kg) ip as a single dose in 0.15 M NaCl. After 3 days the animals were sacrificed by decapitation. The stomachs were removed, the contents analyzed for pepsin and acidity. The inner surface was examined with a dissecting microscope after a moderate stretching for ulcers. Affected areas were fixed and processed for routine electron microscopy and enzyme cytochemistry.The drug treated animals kept on food and water consistently showed bloating and lesions (Fig. 1) with a frequency of 6-70 ulcers in the rumen section of the stomachs.

Synergistic action of propolis with levodopa in the management of Parkinsonism in Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Tiyo Ayikobua ◽  
Josephine Kasolo ◽  
Keneth Iceland Kasozi ◽  
Ejike Daniel Eze ◽  
Abass Safiriyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Synergistic Action ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Ethanolic Extract Of Propolis ◽  
Different Doses

AbstractBackgroundThe Phosphatase and tensin-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1B9) mutant for Drosophila melanogaster is a key tool that has been used in assessing the pathology of Parkinsonism and its possible remedy. This research was targeted toward determining the effects of ethanolic extract of propolis, with levodopa therapy in the management of Parkinsonism.MethodThe PINK1B9 flies were divided into groups and fed with the different treatment doses of ethanoic extract of propolis. The treatment groups were subjected to 21 days of administration of propolis and the levodopa at different doses after which percentage climbing index, antioxidant activity and lifespan studies were done.ResultsPropolis alone improved motor activity, antioxidant and lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster than in PINK1 flies. Propolis in combination with levodopa significantly (P<0.05) improved physiological parameters at higher than lower concentrations in Parkinsonism Drosophila melanogaster demonstrating its importance in managing side effects associated with levodopa.ConclusionPropolis is a novel candidate as an alternative and integrative medicinal option to use in the management of Parkinsonism in both animals and humans at higher concentrations.

scholarly journals Comparing the efficacy and side-effects of PDLASTA® (Pegfilgrastim) with PDGRASTIM® (Filgrastim) in breast cancer patients: a non-inferiority randomized clinical trial

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safa Najafi ◽  
Maryam Ansari ◽  
Vahid Kaveh ◽  
Shahpar Haghighat
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Injection Site Reaction ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and side effects of a single dose (Pegfilgrastim or PDL) or repeated six daily injections (Filgrastim or PDG) during chemotherapy courses in breast cancer patients in a non-inferiority clinical trial. Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 80 patients were recruited and allocated randomly to two equal arms. In one group, a single subcutaneous dose of PDL was injected the day after receiving the chemotherapy regimen in each cycle. The second arm received a subcutaneous injection of PDG for six consecutive days in each cycle of treatment. The side effects of GCF treatment and its effect on blood parameters were compared in each cycle and during eight cycles of chemotherapy. Results Hematologic parameters showed no significant differences in any of the treatment courses between the two study groups. The comparison of WBC (p = 0.527), Hgb (p = 0.075), Platelet (p = 0.819), Neutrophil (p = 0.575), Lymphocyte (p = 705) and ANC (p = 0.675) changes during the eight courses of treatment also revealed no statistically significant difference between the two study groups. Side effects including headache, injection site reaction and muscle pain had a lower frequency in patients receiving PDL drugs. Conclusion It seems that PDL is non-inferior in efficacy and also less toxic than PDG. Since PDL can be administered in a single dose and is also less costly, it can be regarded as a cost-effective drug for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Trial registration IRCT20190504043465N1, May 2019.

Prophylactic intravenous gentamicin with sedation-free cystoscopic injection of BoNT-A: No demonstrable adverse extravesical neuromuscular effects in a pilot safety study of 220 idiopathic overactive bladder patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 205141582110166
Author(s):  
Timothy P Napier-Hemy ◽  
Oladapo Feyisetan ◽  
Heather Stewart ◽  
Alaa Chamsin ◽  
Michael S Floyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Overactive Bladder Syndrome ◽  
Safety Study ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Intravesical Injection

Objectives: To determine whether administration of single dose prophylactic intravenous gentamicin prior to intravesical injection of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is associated with adverse extravesical neuromuscular effects in idiopathic overactive bladder syndrome. Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis of 220 consecutive idiopathic overactive bladder patients following sedation-free flexible cystoscopic injection of intravesical BoNT-A. All patients received a single dose of intravenous gentamicin (160 mg) followed by 100-200 IU of BoNT-A. They were followed up at intervals to determine whether they had experienced any adverse extravesical neuromuscular side effects. Results: None of our patients developed adverse extravesical neuromuscular side effects from intravesical botulinum injections with concomitant administration of intravenous gentamicin. Conclusion: Single dose intravenous gentamicin is safe to use as a prophylaxis for intravesical BoNT-A injections of 200 IU or below in idiopathic overactive bladder patients. Level of evidence: Not applicable.

scholarly journals Neutralizing Antibodies Titers and Side Effects in Response to BNT162b2 Vaccine in Healthcare Workers with and without Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 742
Author(s):  
José Javier Morales-Núñez ◽  
José Francisco Muñoz-Valle ◽  
Carlos Meza-López ◽  
Lin-Fa Wang ◽  
Andrea Carolina Machado Sulbarán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Expected Result ◽  
Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
The Usa

The main expected result of a vaccine against viruses is the ability to produce neutralizing antibodies. Currently, several vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are being applied to prevent mortal complications, being Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) one of the first to be authorized in the USA and Mexico (11 December 2020). This study evaluated the efficacy of this vaccine on antibody production with neutralizing capacity and its side effects in healthcare workers with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and in a group of unvaccinated individuals with prior COVID-19. The main findings are the production of 100% neutralizing antibodies in both groups after the second dose, well-tolerated adverse effects, the possible presence of immunosenescence, and finally, we support that a single dose of this vaccine in individuals with prior COVID-19 would be sufficient to achieve an immunization comparable to people without prior COVID-19 with a complete vaccination program (2 doses).

scholarly journals Comprehensive assessment of side effects associated with a single dose of ketamine in treatment-resistant depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 568-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elia E. Acevedo-Diaz ◽  
Grace W. Cavanaugh ◽  
Dede Greenstein ◽  
Christoph Kraus ◽  
Bashkim Kadriu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Resistant Depression

Comparing Objective and Subjective Measures of Sleep Loss with Balance Performance in Farmers

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Devan Sedlacek ◽  
Matthew Beacom ◽  
Sabin R. Bista ◽  
Risto Rautiainen ◽  
Ka-Chun Siu
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
List Type ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Subjective Measures ◽  
Previous Night ◽  
Total Displacement

HighlightsThe farming population is at risk of injury due to sleep deprivation.Loss of sleep during previous night affects balance performance in farmers.Objective measures of sleep are more reliable than subjective measures for predicting balance performance.Abstract. This study aimed to investigate the ability of both subjective and objective sleep measures to predict balance difficulty in agricultural workers. Seven male farmers from rural Nebraska were analyzed for static balance performance following a bout of sleep. Actiwatches were used to measure objective sleep hours and subjective questionnaires, including the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, were used to measure subjective hours of sleep and sleep quality. The participants were observed for 12 sessions, with six in planting season and six in harvest season. Static balance testing consisted of measuring the area, total displacement, and maximum range in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions of the individual’s center of pressure with Tekscan pressure mats. Overall, it was found that objective measures had a higher correlation with the magnitude of balance deviations than subjective measures. Keywords: Actiwatch, Agricultural worker, Injury, Sleep deprivation.

Omentin-1 attenuates glucocorticoid-induced cardiac injury by phosphorylating GSK3β

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-283
Author(s):  
Zhousheng Jin ◽  
Fangfang Xia ◽  
Jiaojiao Dong ◽  
Tingting Lin ◽  
Yaoyao Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Cardiac Side Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Glucocorticoid excess often causes a variety of cardiovascular complications, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiac hypertrophy. To abrogate its cardiac side effects, it is necessary to fully disclose the pathophysiological role of glucocorticoid in cardiac remodelling. Previous clinical and experimental studies have found that omentin-1, one of the adipokines, has beneficial effects in cardiovascular diseases, and is closely associated with metabolic disorders. However, there is no evidence to address the potential role of omentin-1 in glucocorticoid excess-induced cardiac injuries. To uncover the links, the present study utilized rat model with glucocorticoid-induced cardiac injuries and clinical patients with abnormal cardiac function. Chronic administration of glucocorticoid excess reduced rat serum omentin-1 concentration, which closely correlated with cardiac functional parameters. Intravenous administration of adeno-associated virus encoding omentin-1 upregulated the circulating omentin-1 level and attenuated glucocorticoid excess-induced cardiac hypertrophy and functional disorders. Overexpression of omentin-1 also improved cardiac mitochondrial function, including the reduction of lipid deposits, induction of mitochondrial biogenesis, and enhanced mitochondrial activities. Mechanistically, omentin-1 phosphorylated and activated the GSK3β pathway in the heart. From a study of 28 patients with Cushing’s syndrome and 23 healthy subjects, the plasma level of glucocorticoid was negatively correlated with omentin-1, and was positively associated with cardiac ejection fraction and fractional shortening. Collectively, the present study provided a novel role of omentin-1 in glucocorticoid excess-induced cardiac injuries and found that the omentin-1/GSK3β pathway was a potential therapeutic target in combating the side effects of glucocorticoid.

scholarly journals A Case of Polyneuropathy Following a Single Dose of Diethylcarbamazine and Albendazole During Mass Administration of Drug - A Case Report

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-58
Author(s):  
SC Kohli ◽  
UK Shrestha ◽  
VM Alurkar ◽  
A Maskey ◽  
M Parajuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The global program to eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis created by The World Health organization in 1997 is based on mass administration of single annual doses of diethylcarbamazine ( DEC) plus albendazole in non African regions and of albendazole plus ivermectin in Africa. The usual side effects of DEC treatment include fever, chills, arthralgia, headaches, nausea, and vomiting. Albendazole is associated with relatively few side effects consisting of occasional nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, reversible alopecia, elevated aminotransferases and rarely leucopenia and rash. We report a case of polyneuropathy in a young individual following DEC and albendazole during mass drug administration. Keywords: Albendazole; DEC; Polyneuropathy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v1i1.5800   Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences. 2012; 1(1): 56-58

scholarly journals Suvorexant: A boon for Sleepless Nights

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Anjan Khadka ◽  
Dick Brashier ◽  
Amol Vijay Khanpure ◽  
Pem Chuki
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
New Class ◽  
Sleep Maintenance ◽  
Nonrestorative Sleep ◽  
Arousal System ◽  
Falling Asleep

Insomnia is characterized by difficulty in falling asleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, or experiencing nonrestorative sleep. Insomnia is the most common medical complaint in general practice.  Low efficacy and various side effects limit the use of existing treatment option. Suvorexant is an orexin receptor antagonist (ORA), first in a new class of drugs in development for the treatment of insomnia. It inhibits the wakefulness-promoting orexin neurons of the arousal system thereby promoting the natural transition from wakefulness. It also improves sleep onset and sleep maintenance and has a favorable tolerability and limited side-effect profile.

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