Efficacy of Pins and Diplomas as a Reward for Long-Term Smoking Cessation

2009 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Munarini ◽  
Cinzia De Marco ◽  
Edoardo Rossetti ◽  
Giovanni Invernizzi ◽  
Ario A Ruprecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Multiple Choice Questionnaire ◽  
Smoking Withdrawal ◽  
One Year ◽  
Diploma Program ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Official Recognition

Aims and background Since 2004, the Antismoking Center of the National Cancer Institute of Milan has rewarded those who have been ex-smokers for longer than a year with a “former smoker” pin and a diploma. We investigated firstly whether these rewards contributed to maintain smoking withdrawal, secondly, which one of these was more appreciated and why, and thirdly, how they may have influenced the ex-smokers' perception of smoking and how this was reflected on those surrounding them (i.e., ex-smokers' personal and/or interpersonal areas). Methods A multiple-choice questionnaire was developed to investigate how much the rewards were appreciated and their effectiveness in maintaining smoking cessation. Moreover, smokers and non-smokers were asked about the impact of the pin. The questionnaire was completed on the phone by the last 100 ex-smokers who entered the pin and diploma program. Results All subjects appreciated the rewards, but only a few of them considered them as an aid to maintain long-term smoking cessation. Those who preferred the diploma stated that it represented a contribution to their self-esteem, an official recognition of being an ex-smoker, besides being something to show with pride to others. Those who preferred the pin principally stated it allowed them to be an example to other smokers. Most of the subjects reported that they wore the pin in several circumstances, raising interest and admiration. Conclusions Rewarding ex-smokers one year after smoking cessation with a small prize may be a useful practice to improve the doctor-patient relationship, which is vital to maintain smoking cessation, and to boost the awareness of the availability of aids to reach this objective.

scholarly journals A 7-month inhalation toxicology study in C57BL/6 mice demonstrates reduced pulmonary inflammation and emphysematous changes following smoking cessation or switching to e-vapor products

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 239784732199587
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Kumar ◽  
Ulrike Kogel ◽  
Marja Talikka ◽  
Celine Merg ◽  
Emmanuel Guedj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Inhalation Study ◽  
Toxicology Study ◽  
Nasal Tissue ◽  
Product Switching ◽  
The Impact

Cigarette smoking causes serious diseases, including lung cancer, atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. While cessation remains the most effective approach to minimize smoking-related disease, alternative non-combustible tobacco-derived nicotine-containing products may reduce disease risks among those unable or unwilling to quit. E-vapor aerosols typically contain significantly lower levels of smoke-related harmful and potentially harmful constituents; however, health risks of long-term inhalation exposures are unknown. We designed a 7-month inhalation study in C57BL/6 mice to evaluate long-term respiratory toxicity of e-vapor aerosols compared to cigarette smoke and to assess the impact of smoking cessation (Cessation group) or switching to an e-vapor product (Switching group) after 3 months of exposure to 3R4F cigarette smoke (CS). There were no significant changes in in-life observations (body weights, clinical signs) in e-vapor groups compared to the Sham Control. The 3R4F CS group showed reduced respiratory function during exposure and had lower body weight and showed transient signs of distress post-exposure. Following 7 months of exposure, e-vapor aerosols resulted in no or minimal increase in pulmonary inflammation, while exposure to 3R4F CS led to impairment of lung function and caused marked lung inflammation and emphysematous changes. Biological changes observed in the Switching group were similar to the Cessation group. 3R4F CS exposure dysregulated the lung and nasal tissue transcriptome, while these molecular effects were substantially lower in the e-vapor group. Results from this study demonstrate that in comparison with 3R4F CS, e-vapor aerosols induce substantially lower biological responses including pulmonary inflammation and emphysematous changes, and that complete switching from CS to e-vapor products significantly reduces biological changes associated with CS in C57BL/6 mice.

Parental alienation: the impact on men’s mental health

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Sher
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Parental Alienation ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
High Conflict ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Parental alienation is defined as a mental state in which a child, usually one whose parents are engaged in a high-conflict separation or divorce, allies himself strongly with one parent (the preferred parent) and rejects a relationship with the other parent (the alienated parent) without legitimate justification. Parental alienation may affect men’s mental health: a) parental alienation negatively influences mental health of male children and adolescents who are victims of parental alienation. Alienated children/adolescents display guilt, sadness, and depressed mood; low self-esteem and lack of self-confidence; distress and frustration; lack of impulse control, substance abuse and delinquent behavior; separation anxiety, fears and phobias; hypochondria and increased tendency to develop psychosomatic illness; suicidal ideation and suicide attempt; sleep and eating disorders; educational problems; enuresis and encopresis; b) parental alienation negatively affects the mental health of adult men who were victims of parental alienation when they were children and/or adolescents. Long-term effects of parental alienation include low self-esteem, depression, drug/alcohol abuse, lack of trust, alienation from own children, divorce, problems with identity and not having a sense of belonging or roots, choosing not to have children to avoid being rejected by them, low achievement, anger and bitterness over the time lost with the alienated parent; c) parental alienation negatively influences mental health of men who are alienated from their children. Fathers who have lost some or all contact with their children for months or years following separation or divorce may be depressed and suicidal.

scholarly journals PSIKOEDUKASI MENGENAI DAMPAK BULLYING DAN CARA MENINGKATKAN SELF-ESTEEM PADA REMAJA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Amin
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Aggressive Action ◽  
Effects Of Bullying ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

Bullying is deliberate aggressive action, using an imbalance of strength physically or mentally by hurting physical, verbal, or emotional / psychological forms repeatedly. In the last decade, cases of bullying in Indonesia continue to increase and if not handled properly will increasingly have a negative impact on the development of the children of the nation's next generation. Bullying does not only affect children who are bullied but can also affect children who bully, children who witness bullying. Some of the effects of bullying include anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. The purpose of community engagement is to socialize the impact of bullying and how to increase self-esteem to adolescents. Through psychoeducation programs in adolescents such as schools and teenagers religious communities in the Cikarang - Bekasi region, young people gain an in-depth understanding of bullying, its effects and how to increase their confidence. Through this psychoeducation, teenagers understand the understanding, types and effects of bullying both short term and long term so they promise to resist bullying starting from themselves. Teenagers learn that humans are social beings who need each other. They learn about the meaning of diversity and bhineka tunggal ika and try to implement it in their next lives by respecting the differences in their environment. These teenagers learn to respect themselves more, see the positive things that God has given them. They try to always believe in themselves that they are perfect and valuable beings in God's eyes so that even though the environment around them may not appreciate, they can still see positive things in themselvesABSTRAK:Bullying adalah tindakan agresif yang disengaja, menggunakan ketidakseimbangan kekuatan secara fisik atau mental dengan cara menyakiti bentuk fisik, verbal, atau emosional/ psikologis secara berulang – ulang. Dalam satu decade terakhir, kasus bullying di Indonesia terus meningkat dan bila tidak ditangani dengan baik akan semakin berdampak negative bagi perkembangan anak – anak generasi penerus bangsa. Tindakan bullying tidak hanya berdampak pada anak yang di-bully tetapi juga dapat berdampak pada anak yang mem-bully, anak yang menyaksikan bullying. Beberapa dampak bullying diantaranya kecemasan, depresi, serta rendahnya harga diri (self-esteem). Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk mensosialisasikan dampak bullying serta cara meningkatkan self-esteem kepada para remaja. Melalui program psikoedukasi di lingkungan remaja seperti sekolah maupun komunitas keagamaan remaja wilayah Cikarang – Bekasi, para remaja mendapatkan pemahaman mendalam mengenai bullying, dampaknya serta bagaimana cara meningkatkan kepercayaan diri mereka. Melalui psikoedukasi ini, para remaja memahami pengertian, jenis serta dampak bullying baik jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang sehingga mereka berjanji untuk bersikap menolak bullying mulai dari diri mereka sendiri. Para remaja belajar bahwa manusia adalah mahluk social yang saling membutuhkan. Mereka belajar tentang makna keberagaman dan Bhineka Tunggal Ika serta berusaha mengimplementasikannya dalam kehidupan mereka selanjutnya dengan cara menghargai perbedaan yang ada di lingkungannya. Remaja ini belajar untuk lebih menghargai diri mereka, melihat hal positif yang telah diberikan Tuhan kepada mereka. Mereka mencoba untuk selalu menanamkan dalam diri bahwa mereka adalah mahluk yang sempurna dan berharga di mata Tuhan sehingga walaupun lingkungan di sekitar mereka mungkin tidak menghargai, mereka tetap dapat melihat hal positif dalam diri mereka.

The impact of psychosocial characteristics in predicting smoking cessation in long-term cancer survivors: A time-to-event analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2458-2465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael R. Symes ◽  
J. Lee Westmaas ◽  
Deborah K. Mayer ◽  
Marcella H. Boynton ◽  
Kurt M. Ribisl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Event Analysis ◽  
Time To Event ◽  
Psychosocial Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Lifestyle and Long-Term Smoking Cessation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1179173X2096306
Author(s):  
Tove Sohlberg ◽  
Karin Helmersson Bergmark
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Swedish Health Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Term Maintenance

Background: Since smoking is the leading cause of preventable death, discouraging smoking initiation, encouraging smoking cessation, and exploring factors that help individuals to stay smoke free are immensely important. One such relevant factor may be the impact of lifestyle for long-term smoking cessation. Method: A representative sample of successful quitters was recruited for a study about smoking cessation. These respondents are now part of a 7-year follow-up with the overall aim of revealing factors affecting long-term smoking cessation. Descriptive analyses were carried out at baseline and at follow-up, as well as a further two-step cluster analysis to explore profiles of long-term smoke-free individuals. Results: A majority did not make any particular lifestyle changes, but among those who did, most adopted a healthier lifestyle and/or increased their quota of physical training, where permanent changes in this direction seem to promote a more enduring smoke-free life. Conclusions: Individuals who want to quit smoking should be encouraged to increase their level of physical activity. Swedish health care institutions should be able to provide support for this both initially and over time to promote the long-term maintenance of a smoke-free lifestyle.

scholarly journals Understanding the Impact of Stent and Scaffold Material and Strut Design on Coronary Artery Thrombosis from the Basic and Clinical Points of View

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Sakamoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Jinnouchi ◽  
Sho Torii ◽  
Renu Virmani ◽  
Aloke Finn
Keyword(s):  
Material Design ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Radial Force ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
Scaffold Thrombosis ◽  
Absorb Bvs ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

The technology of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is constantly being refined in order to overcome the shortcomings of present day technologies. Even though current generation metallic drug-eluting stents (DES) perform very well in the short-term, concerns still exist about their long-term efficacy. Late clinical complications including late stent thrombosis (ST), restenosis, and neoatherosclerosis still exist and many of these events may be attributed to either the metallic platform and/or the drug and polymer left behind in the arterial wall. To overcome this limitation, the concept of totally bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BRS) was invented with the idea that by eliminating long-term exposure of the vessel wall to the metal backbone, drug, and polymer, late outcomes would improve. The Absorb-bioabsorbable vascular scaffold (Absorb-BVS) represented the most advanced attempt to make such a device, with thicker struts, greater vessel surface area coverage and less radial force versus contemporary DES. Unfortunately, almost one year after its initial approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, this scaffold was withdrawn from the market due to declining devise utilization driven by the concerns about scaffold thrombosis (ScT) seen in both early and late time points. Additionally, the specific causes of ScT have not yet been fully elucidated. In this review, we discuss the platform, vascular response, and clinical data of past and current metallic coronary stents with the Absorb-BVS and newer generation BRS, concentrating on their material/design and the mechanisms of thrombotic complications from the pre-clinical, pathologic, and clinical viewpoints.

Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents Do Not Adversely Affect Long-Term Outcomes Nor Increase the Risk of Thromboembolic Events in Multiple Myeloma Patients Treated in the Phase III VISTA Trial.

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 1741-1741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Richardson ◽  
Rudolf Schlag ◽  
Nuriet K Khuageva ◽  
Meletios A. Dimopoulos ◽  
Ofer Shpilberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction: Treatment of myeloma-associated anemia (both disease and treatment induced) includes erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) and/or red-blood-cell transfusions (RBCT). Limited data from patient subsets in retrospective studies have suggested that ESA may have a detrimental effect on outcomes, including reduced time-to- progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS), in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Furthermore, ESA may increase the risk of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), especially in patients receiving immunomodulatory-based regimens and/or anthracyclines with glucocorticoids. Since the impact of ESA use on long-term outcomes and thromboembolic events in MM has not been extensively evaluated, we conducted a sub-analysis of the prospective multi-center, randomized, phase III VISTA trial in frontline MM (San Miguel et al. Blood 2007), to assess the potential impact of ESA use on TTP, OS and rates of DVT/PE. Methods: Patients were randomized to receive nine 6-week cycles of bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2 on days 1, 4, 8, 11, 22, 25, 29, and 32, cycles 1–4, and days 1, 8, 22, and 29, cycles 5–9) plus melphalan (9 mg/m2) and prednisone (60 mg/m2) administered on days 1–4 of each cycle (VMP; n=340) or melphalan–prednisone (MP; n=337) alone. No protocol-specified antithrombotic prophylaxis was required. Baseline characteristics, including age, sex and disease characteristics, were similar between ESA and non-ESA groups. Results: Median Hb level at the time of ESA initiation was 9.75 g/dl in the VMP arm and 9.30 g/dl in the MP arm; consistent with current guidelines that ESA should not be initiated until Hb is <10 g/dl. The incidence of treatment-emergent anemia (defined as Hb < 8.0 g/dl) was lower in the VMP arm (23%) than the MP arm (33%), and fewer patients in the VMP versus MP arm were treated with ESA (30% vs 39%, respectively; erythropoietins 20% vs 24% and darbepoietin 11% vs 18%, respectively), or RBCT (26% vs 35%, respectively), potentially reflecting greater anti-myeloma activity with VMP. Median TTP was similar between patients who received ESA and those who did not in both treatment groups (Table). While one-year OS rates were similar, 2-year OS rates appeared higher for patients receiving ESA (Table). TE complications were low in both treatment arms and were not affected by ESA use (3% vs 2% for VMP, and 3% vs 1% for MP, for patients receiving or not receiving ESA, respectively). Conclusions: Our post-hoc analysis from a large, well-controlled multicenter phase III trial in frontline MM shows that ESA use did not adversely impact long-term outcomes with VMP or MP, and may be associated with a survival benefit. Furthermore, ESA use did not appear to increase the risk of TE complications with VMP or MP. These data suggest that ESA can be safely administered with VMP/MP for the treatment of anemia in frontline MM patients. Prospective, randomized studies are needed to further investigate the relationship between ESA and RBCT use, other agents and long-term outcomes in MM patients. Table. TTP and OS rates by ESA and RBCT use and per treatment VMP (n=340) MP (n=337) + ESA (n=102) − ESA (n=238) + ESA (n=131) − ESA (n=206) NE=not evaluable TTP, months (95%CI) 19.9 (18.9, NE) NE (18.3, NE) 15.0 (13.5, 21.8) 17.5 (14.7, 19.0) 1-year survival rate % (95% CI) 92.0 (86.6, 97.3) 87.8 (83.5, 92.0) 82.6 (76.0, 89.2) 81.4 (75.9, 86.9) 2-year survival rate % (95% CI) 86.7 (77.9, 95.4) 80.8 (73.1, 88.4) 77.3 (68.5, 86.1) 65.4 (55.7, 75.2) + RBCT (n=87) − RBCT (n=253) + RBCT (n=117) − RBCT (n=220) TTP, months (95%CI) NE (24.0, NE) 21.7 (18.9, NE) 14.1 (10.8, 16.6) 18.0 (15.2, 20.0) 1-year survival rate % (95% CI) 80.9 (72.4, 89.3) 91.8 (88.4, 95.3) 71.0 (62.7, 79.4) 87.7 (83.2, 92.2) 2-year survival rate % (95% CI) 67.2 (50.4, 83.9) 88.3 (83.8, 92.8) 58.3 (47.4, 69.2) 76.1 (66.9, 85.3)

Sexual Assault and Body Esteem

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Kulkoski ◽  
Catherine Kilian
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Body Esteem ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sexual Activities ◽  
Body Attitude ◽  
Sexually Assaulted ◽  
One Year ◽  
Individual Body

Past studies indicate that sexual assault is negatively associated with victims' general self-esteem, but little is known about how the experience affects body esteem. We hypothesized that sexual assault would have a long-term negative association with measures of both general self-esteem and body esteem. Participants were 76 women, ages 18 to 45 years, 13 of whom had been sexually assaulted at least one year previously. Analysis supported the hypothesis that the sexually assaulted women scored lower than nonassaulted women on Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale but not on the Body Esteem Scale. When individual body-attitude items were analyzed, the assaulted women's negative ratings of sexual activities fell just short of significance, so further and longitudinal study of a larger group is needed.

scholarly journals Classification of hospital and urban wastewater resistome and microbiota over time and their relationship to the eco-exposome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Buelow ◽  
Andreu Rico ◽  
Margaux Gaschet ◽  
José Lourenço ◽  
Sean P. Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Variate Analysis ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Pollutants ◽  
Over Time

AbstractWastewaters (WW) are important sources for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) into the environment. Hospital WW (HWW) contain higher loads of micro-pollutants and AMR markers than urban WW (UWW). Little is known about the long-term dynamics of H and U WW and the impact of their joined treatment on the general burden of AMR. Here, we characterized the resistome, microbiota and eco-exposome signature of 126 H and U WW samples treated separately for three years, and then mixed, over one year. Multi-variate analysis and machine learning revealed a robust signature for each WW with no significant variation over time before mixing, and once mixed, both WW closely resembled U signatures. We demonstrated a significant impact of pharmaceuticals and surfactants on the resistome and microbiota of H and U WW. Our results present considerable targets for AMR related risk assessment of WW.

scholarly journals Counseling in psoriasis: overcoming the concerns and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 876
Author(s):  
Kiran Godse ◽  
S. G. Parasramani ◽  
Abhishek De ◽  
Nitesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Pallavi Kawatra
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Psychosocial Consequences ◽  
Discontinuation Of Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Term Management

<p>Psoriasis is a systemic, immune-mediated disorder, characterized by systemic inflammation predominantly in skin and joints with significant physical and psychosocial consequences. It is a chronic disease with an unpredictable journey consisting of flares and remissions.  Psoriasis has also been linked to loss of self-esteem in patients, depression and suicidal tendencies. In addition, it also contributes to financial burden due to the long-term management. This results in negative impact on the caregivers and family of the patient. Due to these multiple factors, there has been low compliance to therapy and higher likelihood of discontinuation of treatment. Considering the emotional aspect involved in this disease, counseling of the patients becomes one of the integral pillars for the management of the disease. Hence, the clinician’s role becomes significant, due to limited access to counselors, therapists and social groups, in our country. The present reviewdescribes the impact of psoriasis on the patient’s life and the practical approaches that may be taken to counsel the patient of psoriasis.</p>

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