Innovative ecological agricultural textiles*

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
M. Orth ◽  
K. Müller ◽  
A. Becker ◽  
M. Bergmann ◽  
J. Mattheß ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Protective Agents ◽  
Protective Barrier ◽  
Active Substances

Agricultural textiles are applied as a protective barrier against birds and insects, but also as ground covers against weeds and as protection from environmental factors. To protect plants from insects and other pests, pesticides and other protective agents are also used since a textile barrier is often insufficient or is not feasible. As these products have to be applied regularly, their use is costly and time-consuming. The situation also becomes more complicated when a textile is used to protect the field against other influences (e.g. frost). The application of pesticides and other protective agents in or on to the agricultural textile itself, enabling the active substances to be continuously released by the textile, is a viable alternative. Insecticides used in the agricultural sector pose an environmental problem, which cannot be solved even by incorporating them into textiles. A silica-based, ecological alternative will therefore be presented in this article.

scholarly journals The cybernetic stability of microeconomic variables in the agricultural sector: A case study from the agritourism field  

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 531-538
Author(s):  
Macak Tomas ◽  
Hron Jan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Random Vector ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Optimal Parameter ◽  
Robust Methods ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Agrarian Policy ◽  
Multiple Variables

Complexity in the management and variability of environmental factors in the agricultural, environmental and food industries has brought about the demand for developing robust methods that allow multiple variables to operate with compound dependencies and are inert to changing situation conditions (e.g. changing the agrarian policy of the state). Therefore, new attempts are being made to cope with these problems (i.e. complexity in control and the instability of initial conditions). There is one solution based on interdisciplinary or transdisciplinary approaches; these methods were chosen for our case study on the agribusiness sector, where we use economic variables in the transformed form. This transformation allowed us to determine the optimal parameter settings (regarding factor instability) and the potential for regulating agribusiness activities using the corporate cybernetic diagrams. Estimations of the position and variability of the input values of the factors were carried out using a random vector. The practical experiment was conducted on the Agro-farm Krasna as a case study, thereby making it easy to repeat the designed procedure.  

scholarly journals Poly(β-cyclodextrin)-Activated Carbon Gel Composites for Removal of Pesticides from Water

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1426
Author(s):  
Gianluca Utzeri ◽  
Luis Verissimo ◽  
Dina Murtinho ◽  
Alberto A. C. C. Pais ◽  
F. Xavier Perrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Effect Of Additives ◽  
Ca 50 ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
Carbon Gel ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Maximum Removal

Pesticides are widely used in agriculture to increase and protect crop production. A substantial percentage of the active substances applied is retained in the soil or flows into water courses, constituting a very relevant environmental problem. There are several methods for the removal of pesticides from soils and water; however, their efficiency is still a challenge. An alternative to current methods relies on the use of effective adsorbents in removing pesticides which are, simultaneously, capable of releasing pesticides into the soil when needed. This reduces costs related to their application and waste treatments and, thus, overall environmental costs. In this paper, we describe the synthesis and preparation of activated carbon-containing poly(β-cyclodextrin) composites. The composites were characterized by different techniques and their ability to absorb pesticides was assessed by using two active substances: cymoxanil and imidacloprid. Composites with 5 and 10 wt% of activated carbon showed very good stability, high removal efficiencies (>75%) and pesticide sorption capacity up to ca. 50 mg g−1. The effect of additives (NaCl and urea) was also evaluated. The composites were able to release around 30% of the initial sorbed amount of pesticide without losing the capacity to keep the maximum removal efficiency in sorption/desorption cycles.

scholarly journals Inventory: The pesticides application and its risk assessment in the irrigated perimeter of Tadla-Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Fatima Zahra Hafiane ◽  
Hind El Bouzaidi ◽  
Nordine Nouayti ◽  
Latifa Tahri ◽  
Mohamed El Jarmouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Carcinogenic Substances ◽  
Irrigated Perimeter ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Phytosanitary Products ◽  
Environmental Compartments

Abstract The industrialization of the agricultural sector increases the use of pesticides, which are composed of chemical substances, such as herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, and rodenticides, that are adapted to the control of undesirable plants and animals. All these phytosanitary products have varying degrees of toxicity, which risks human life. This study aimed to make an inventory of the pesticides used in the irrigated perimeter of Beni Moussa and Beni Aamir in the Beni Mellal-Khenifra region. The data collection through questionnaires took place between January and February 2016 and covered all the study areas. The questionnaires are focused on the mode of packaging management, sale and purchase of pesticides. The results demonstrated the existence of different pesticides and active substances used for crop protection in the region. Among 63 molecules, 14 active substances were detected, where the active substances are not approved by the world health organization, which considers it as carcinogenic substances. During phytosanitary treatments by farmers, these active substances come into direct contact with the soil, presenting a permanent risk to the environmental compartments, including groundwaters.

scholarly journals Oil Spill Sorber Based on Extrinsically Magnetizable Porous Geopolymer

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5641
Author(s):  
Fabíola da Silveira Maranhão ◽  
Fernando Gomes ◽  
Sérgio Thode ◽  
Diganta B. Das ◽  
Emiliane Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Environmental Recovery ◽  
Cost Of Production

Environmental impacts are increasingly due to the human polluting activities. Therefore, there is a need to develop technologies capable of removing contamination and driving the impacted environment as close as possible to its inherent characteristics. One of the major problems still faced is the spill of oil into water. Therefore, to solve the environmental problem, this work shows the use of magnetically modified geopolymer materials as an oil remover from water with a magnet’s aid. The results obtained were outstanding since the average intrinsic oil removal capability (IORC) was 150 g/g. The presented IORC is the largest found in the materials produced by our research group, constituting an extremely encouraging result, mainly because of the ease of preparing the magnetic geopolymer system. Furthermore, the low cost of production and the material’s capability to be reused as filler of polymer or even cementitious matrices allows us to project that this nanocomposite can be widely used, constituting an economically viable alternative for more efficient environmental recovery processes.

scholarly journals Development of principles for construction of a rational method for formalization the assessment process of the negative impact of the environmental problem on the competitive market

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4(60)) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Olena Zhytkevych
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Rational Method ◽  
Competitive Market ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Wide Range

The object of research is environmental issue, caused by global warming which has negative impact on market. Since, any negative impact is associated with externalities, a market cannot be considered as an efficient market. According to the literature research, market with externalities cannot recover by itself.Thus, one of the most problematic places is the proper identification of the problem related to environmental factors. The identified problem and its impact on a market should be modeled to determine possible negative effects on market participants. Based on the study’s results it is possible to approach the development of alternative solutions to the problem in order to increase economic efficiency. Because environmental factors are dynamic and have significant impact on a market, it is not possible to ignore such a relationship, which can lead to a source of a wide range of dangers.The problem can be attributed to the not studied enough, which, in turn, provides a large field of activity for its further study.One of the productive ways to solve this problem is to perform an economic analysis of the environmental problem as an external problem and develop principles for building a rational method of formalizing the assessing process for the negative impact of environmental problems on the competitive market. This will make it possible to automate the process, which will serve as a basic aspect of developing a plan of further actions.To achieve this aim, the author analyzed the environmental factors caused by climate change and have an impact on the ecosystem and markets. The foundations and needs for a climate policy were also analyzed. The climate policy is designed to improve the situation. The basic principles of constructing a rational method of formalizing the process of assessing the negative impact of environmental problems on the competitive market have been proposed by the author.

scholarly journals Ecological approach to the study of medicinal plants: Soil-plant relationship

2004 ◽  
pp. 199-212
Author(s):  
Dragica Obratov-Petkovic ◽  
Ivana Popovic ◽  
Ratko Kadovic ◽  
Snezana Belanovic ◽  
Zoran Miletic
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Ecological Indices ◽  
The Status ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Potential Exploitation

A very important parameter for the utilization of medicinal plants is the quality of active substances. The quality of the plant active substances does not depend only on its physiological potential and condition, but also on the environmental factors. The status of microelements in the soil and the basic ecological indices of plants, as the site indicators, at two localities on Mt. Kosmaj are presented. It was concluded that these relationships are very complex, in most cases identical and in direct correlation with the representation of individual plant species. Medicinal plants were analyzed in the first place because of their potential exploitation.

scholarly journals Gene-environment interactions as the basis of health formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aksana N. Kucher
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Genetic Program ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Polymorphic Variants ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Active Substances

The review discusses issues related to the importance of interaction between genetic and environmental factors for the implementation of the genetic program of individuals and determining the level of health. Data on the importance of some nutrients (vitamins, bio-elements) for formation of health, about a role of genetic factors in maintenance of a homeostasis of biologically active substances, about associations of the genes involved in a metabolism of nutrients with various pathologies, and examples of modification of effects of genetic polymorphic variants on risk of development of common diseases by various factors (bio-elements and other components of a diet, adverse factors of environment, drugs, etc.) are presented.

scholarly journals Research On The Subject Of Nutrition In Physical Effort Determination

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 838-843
Author(s):  
Fabiana Martinescu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Physical Effort ◽  
Biological Interest ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Active Substances

Abstract Living organisms are in close dependence with the environment. There is also a permanent exchange of substance, energy and information between the human body and the environment, an exchange that underlies the development of all biological processes. In the normal biological processes, the essential environmental factors compete, among which we mention the air, water and food. The importance of food (lat. alimentum - aliment)consists of the intake of nutrients necessary for all life processes. The substances from food are generically described by the term “nutrient principles” or “food principles”, often being used the term “nutrients”. Among nutrients, depending on their amount in the food products and the physiological and biochemical role, there are the macronutrients (carbohydrates, lipids and protides), micronutrients (mineral compounds of biological interest and vitamins) as well as other nutrients (water, fibres, biologically-active substances).

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