Reasons for readmission to hospital after hip fracture: Implications for occupational therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylee J Lockwood ◽  
Katherine E Harding ◽  
Jude N Boyd ◽  
Nicholas F Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Occupational Therapist ◽  
Falls Prevention ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Discharge From Hospital ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the rate of readmission to hospital after hip fracture. The relationship between readmission to hospital and a range of social and functional variables, including receiving a home visit by an occupational therapist prior to discharge from hospital, was explored. Method A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 154 patients returning to community living following hip fracture. Multivariate logistic regression identified variables associated with risk of readmission to hospital. Results One in three patients was readmitted to hospital within 12 months after discharge, with 7% readmitted within 30 days. The most common reason for readmission was another fall. A low level of mobility prior to hip fracture was the strongest independent predictor of risk of readmission to hospital. There was no association between receiving a pre-discharge home visit by an occupational therapist and risk of readmission to hospital. Conclusion Rates of readmission to hospital are high after hip fracture, and falls are the single most common reason for readmission. Interventions provided by occupational therapists, including home visits, should emphasise and incorporate evidence-based falls prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Gait and Balance as Predictors or Mediators of Falls in Glaucoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 770-771
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Mihailovic ◽  
Regina De Luna ◽  
Sheila West ◽  
David Friedman ◽  
Laura Gitlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Falls Prevention ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
P Value ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Fall Rates ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Balance and gait are modifiable targets for falls prevention and may play an important role in preventing falls in older visually impaired individuals. Balance and gait were objectively evaluated in the 239 Falls in Glaucoma Study participants (average age=70.5, 22% with moderate-severe visual field (VF) damage). Greater sway, more time in double support and greater swing time variability were associated with higher fall rates, while higher gait velocity and faster cadence were associated with lower rates (p<0.05 for all). Neither gait nor balance mediated the relationship between VF damage and fall rates, with VF damage remaining an independent predictor of fall in models including gait and/or balance features (RR =1.36 to 1.48, p-value= <0.001 to 0.005). While balance and gait measures are associated with fall rates, they do not explain why persons with greater VF damage fall more frequently, suggesting the importance of other factors such as hazard perception.

scholarly journals Social Intelligence, Emotional Intelligence and the Therapeutic Relationship among Clinical Occupational Therapist

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 275-285
Author(s):  
Smily Jesu Priya Victor Paulraj ◽  
Shahad Fahad Alaboudi ◽  
Raniah Mansour Mali
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Occupational Therapist ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
The Relationship

Social and emotional intelligence has understood their own and other's feelings and reactions according to their needs. The therapeutic relationship, which considered as a foundational concept among occupational therapy practitioners, which refers to establish rapport with the patient and the therapist to understand the patient's needs and set the goal respectively. To determine the relationship between social intelligence (SI), emotional intelligence (EI) and therapeutic relationship (TR) among clinical occupational therapists. The study used quantitative non-experimental correlational design. Eighty participants recruited from eight hospitals in Riyadh. Data conducted using a closed-ended questionnaire. It contains several questions in social intelligence (MESI), emotional intelligence (Assessing emotional scale), and therapeutic relationship between them (STAR). The questionnaire distributed to clinical occupational therapists in the form of an electronic questionnaire to facilitate the data collection process. The results releveled that there was a significant relationship in social intelligence, emotional intelligence and therapeutic relationship among clinical occupational therapists (p = < 0.05). Future study needs to provide the awareness of social intelligence, emotional intelligence and therapeutic relationship among clinical occupational therapist. Key words: social intelligence, emotional intelligence, therapeutic relationship, clinical occupational therapist.

Exploring the Potential Impact of Sentence-Level Comprehension and Sentence-Level Fluency on Deaf Students' Passage Comprehension

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 2281-2292
Author(s):  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Xinchun Wu ◽  
Hongjun Chen ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Ruibo Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Deaf Students ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Mediating Mechanisms ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This exploratory study aimed to investigate the potential impact of sentence-level comprehension and sentence-level fluency on passage comprehension of deaf students in elementary school. Method A total of 159 deaf students, 65 students ( M age = 13.46 years) in Grades 3 and 4 and 94 students ( M age = 14.95 years) in Grades 5 and 6, were assessed for nonverbal intelligence, vocabulary knowledge, sentence-level comprehension, sentence-level fluency, and passage comprehension. Group differences were examined using t tests, whereas the predictive and mediating mechanisms were examined using regression modeling. Results The regression analyses showed that the effect of sentence-level comprehension on passage comprehension was not significant, whereas sentence-level fluency was an independent predictor in Grades 3–4. Sentence-level comprehension and fluency contributed significant variance to passage comprehension in Grades 5–6. Sentence-level fluency fully mediated the influence of sentence-level comprehension on passage comprehension in Grades 3–4, playing a partial mediating role in Grades 5–6. Conclusions The relative contributions of sentence-level comprehension and fluency to deaf students' passage comprehension varied, and sentence-level fluency mediated the relationship between sentence-level comprehension and passage comprehension.

President Obama and the Emergence of Islamophobia in Mass Partisan Preferences

2021 ◽  
pp. 106591292110072
Author(s):  
Michael Tesler
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
President Obama ◽  
Significant Independent Predictor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Panel Surveys ◽  
Voter Preferences ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship

This article argues that the unusually large and persistent association between Islamophobia and opposition to President Obama helped make attitudes about Muslims a significant, independent predictor of Americans’ broader partisan preferences. After detailing the theoretical basis for this argument, the article marshals repeated cross-sectional data, two panel surveys, and a nationally representative survey experiment, to test its hypotheses. The results from those analyses show the following: (1) attitudes about Muslims were a significantly stronger independent predictor of voter preferences for congress in 2010–2014 elections than they were in 2004–2008; (2) attitudes about Muslims were a significantly stronger independent predictor of mass partisanship during Obama’s presidency than they were beforehand; and (3) experimentally connecting Obama to Democratic congressional candidates significantly increased the relationship between anti-Muslim sentiments and Americans’ preferences for Republican congressional candidates. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of these results for American politics in the Trump era.

scholarly journals Preoperative risk factors for postoperative blood transfusion after hip fracture surgery: establishment of a nomogram

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Cheng Bian ◽  
Xiao Kang Cheng ◽  
Yong Sheng An
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Preoperative Risk ◽  
Hip Fracture Surgery ◽  
Preoperative Risk Factors ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Fracture Surgery

Abstract Background This study aimed to explore the preoperative risk factors related to blood transfusion after hip fracture operations and to establish a nomogram prediction model. The application of this model will likely reduce unnecessary transfusions and avoid wasting blood products. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing hip fracture surgery from January 2013 to January 2020. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between preoperative risk factors and blood transfusion after hip fracture operations. Finally, the risk factors obtained from the multivariate regression analysis were used to establish the nomogram model. The validation of the nomogram was assessed by the concordance index (C-index), the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curves. Results A total of 820 patients were included in the present study for evaluation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that low preoperative hemoglobin (Hb), general anesthesia (GA), non-use of tranexamic acid (TXA), and older age were independent risk factors for blood transfusion after hip fracture operation. The C-index of this model was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83–0.89). Internal validation proved the nomogram model’s adequacy and accuracy, and the results showed that the predicted value agreed well with the actual values. Conclusions A nomogram model was developed based on independent risk factors for blood transfusion after hip fracture surgery. Preoperative intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of blood transfusion after hip fracture operations.

External Ventricular Drain Infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
George K. C. Wong ◽  
Wayne W. S. Poon
Keyword(s):  
Major Trauma ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
External Ventricular Drain ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
External Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

Object The authors explored the relationship among the duration of external ventricular drainage, revision of external ventricular drains (EVDs), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) infection to shed light on the practice of electively revising these drains. Methods In a retrospective study of 199 patients with 269 EVDs in the intensive care unit at a major trauma center in Australasia, the authors found 21 CSF infections. Acinetobacter accounted for 10 (48%) of these infections. Whereas the duration of drainage was not an independent predictor of infection, multiple insertions of EVDs was a significant risk factor. Second and third EVDs in previously uninfected patients were more likely to become infected than first EVDs. An EVD infection was initially identified a mean of 5.5 ±0.7 days postinsertion (standard error of the mean); these data—that is, the number of days—were normally distributed. Conclusions This pattern of infection is best explained by EVD-associated CSF infections being acquired by the introduction of bacteria on insertion of the drain rather than by subsequent retrograde colonization. Elective EVD revision would be expected to increase infection rates in light of these results, and thus the practice has been abandoned by the authors' institution.

Beginning to Look at Why Occupational Therapists Leave the Profession: A Survey Carried Out in Leicestershire

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 389-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare A Greensmith ◽  
Maxine A Blumfield
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Occupational Therapist ◽  
Perceived Reasons

This article describes a postal questionnaire survey carried out within Leicestershire to look at reasons for occupational therapists leaving the profession. It samples the attitudes and opinions of a group of practising occupational therapists, and also includes a smaller sample of non-practising occupational therapists and their perceived reasons for leaving the profession. A profile is given of the occupational therapist who is most likely to leave, which challenges the idea that most occupational therapists leave due to personal reasons. The article discusses ways that staff with children can be encouraged to remain at work and suggests further exploration of other reasons for leaving the profession.

scholarly journals Calcium Channel Autoantibodies Predicted Sudden Cardiac Death and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Ischemic and Nonischemic Chronic Heart Failure

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyun Yu ◽  
Juanhui Pei ◽  
Xiaoyan Liu ◽  
Jingzhou Chen ◽  
Xian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Patient Prognosis ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether CC-AAbs levels could predict prognosis in CHF patients. A total of 2096 patients with CHF (841 DCM patients and 1255 ICM patients) and 834 control subjects were recruited. CC-AAbs were detected and the relationship between CC-AAbs and patient prognosis was analyzed. During a median follow-up time of 52 months, there were 578 deaths. Of these, sudden cardiac death (SCD) occurred in 102 cases of DCM and 121 cases of ICM. The presence of CC-AAbs in patients was significantly higher than that of controls (bothP<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that positive CC-AAbs could predict SCD (HR 3.191, 95% CI 1.598–6.369 for DCM; HR 2.805, 95% CI 1.488–5.288 for ICM) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.733, 95% CI 1.042–2.883 for DCM; HR 2.219, 95% CI 1.461–3.371 for ICM) in CHF patients. A significant association between CC-AAbs and non-SCD (NSCD) was found in ICM patients (HR = 1.887, 95% CI 1.081–3.293). Our results demonstrated that the presence of CC-AAbs was higher in CHF patients versus controls and corresponds to a higher incidence of all-cause death and SCD. Positive CC-AAbs may serve as an independent predictor for SCD and all-cause death in these patients.

scholarly journals Strategies Older New Zealanders Use to Participate in Day-To-Day Occupations

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Hocking ◽  
Juanita Murphy ◽  
Kirk Reed
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Older People ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Falls Prevention ◽  
Public Health Messages ◽  
The Impact

Aim: This exploratory study aimed to uncover the strategies that older adults employ to ameliorate the impact of impairments and barriers to participation. Method: Eight participants were interviewed in their own homes, in a town or city in New Zealand. Findings: Inductive analysis of data revealed four main categories of strategies: strategies to keep safe, to recruit and accept help, to meet social and biological needs (nutritional and medical), and to conserve financial, material and bodily resources. Discussion: The study supports some previous findings of strategies used by older people, and demonstrates that enquiring into the strategies that older people devise and adopt into their own lives is a productive line of inquiry. The strategies described differ from those that occupational therapists recommend, and do not incorporate public health messages about the benefits of physical activity or recommendations about falls prevention. Conclusion: The findings suggest that asking older clients about the strategies that they use will uncover valuable information for therapists giving advice or issuing equipment to help older adults to manage in the community.

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