Women and a Changing Society: Implications for Transference/Countertransference

1982 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 562-568
Author(s):  
Nancy C. A. Roeske
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Autonomy Development ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Changing Roles ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Alliance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Changing Society

The word feminism conveys a variety of definitions, attitudes, and behaviours in contemporary society. Thus, the psychotherapist must clarify the woman's definition of this term and examine personal knowledge regarding the changing roles of women and men. Three categories of factors are discussed that affect the woman's self-determination, creativity, cooperativeness in therapy and her decision about goals. These factors include female identity formation within the family, level of autonomy development, and transference / counter transference issues. Four case histories illustrate the complex interactions of these factors. The vignettes emphasize the crucial importance of the psychotherapeutic alliance in a changing society where conflict exists about appropriate ways to express authenticity.

scholarly journals Embriología de Pachycereus militaris (Audot) Hunt (Cactaceae)

2017 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Citlali Núñez-Mariel ◽  
E. Mark Engleman ◽  
Judith Márquez-Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Anther Wall ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Taxonomic Importance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Functional Megaspore

This is a contribution to the embryology of cacti and to the definition of their reproductory structures. The development of anthers, ovules and seeds of Pachycereus militaris is described. The type of development of the anther wall is monocotyledonous. This may have taxonomic importance above the family level. The endothecium is formed by a single stratum and the pollen grains are tricolpate, spinulate and punctitegilate. A lineal triad of megaspores was observed. The functional megaspore is the chalazal one. It is proposed that the term campylotropous should be uti lized for describing the ovule type, while the term circinotropous should be reserved for the funicle. In contrast to the stated by other authors, this study suggests that the seeds of Pachycereus militaris should be considered as non-albuminous and non-perispermous.

REGULATION OF MARRIAGE RELATIONS IN THE TURKESTAN REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Khurshida Tillahodjaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Family And Marriage ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Definition Of

In this article we will talk about the scale of family and marriage relations in the early XX century in the Turkestan region, their regulation, legislation. Clearly reveals the role of women and men in the family, the definition of which is based on the material conditions of society, equality of rights and freedoms and its features.

scholarly journals Hexokinase 2 in Cancer: A Prima Donna Playing Multiple Characters

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4716
Author(s):  
Francesco Ciscato ◽  
Lavinia Ferrone ◽  
Ionica Masgras ◽  
Claudio Laquatra ◽  
Andrea Rasola
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Neoplastic Progression ◽  
Malignant Growth ◽  
Hexokinase 2 ◽  
Genetic Ablation ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Survival Pathways ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of

Hexokinases are a family of ubiquitous exose-phosphorylating enzymes that prime glucose for intracellular utilization. Hexokinase 2 (HK2) is the most active isozyme of the family, mainly expressed in insulin-sensitive tissues. HK2 induction in most neoplastic cells contributes to their metabolic rewiring towards aerobic glycolysis, and its genetic ablation inhibits malignant growth in mouse models. HK2 can dock to mitochondria, where it performs additional functions in autophagy regulation and cell death inhibition that are independent of its enzymatic activity. The recent definition of HK2 localization to contact points between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum called Mitochondria Associated Membranes (MAMs) has unveiled a novel HK2 role in regulating intracellular Ca2+ fluxes. Here, we propose that HK2 localization in MAMs of tumor cells is key in sustaining neoplastic progression, as it acts as an intersection node between metabolic and survival pathways. Disrupting these functions by targeting HK2 subcellular localization can constitute a promising anti-tumor strategy.

Innovative promotional strategies and diversification of flavoured mass merchandise cigar products: a case study of Swedish match

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ollie Ganz ◽  
Mary Hrywna ◽  
Kevin R J Schroth ◽  
Cristine D Delnevo
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Authority ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
The Family ◽  
Promotional Efforts ◽  
Promotional Strategies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The U.S

In 2009, the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA) granted the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory authority over tobacco products, although initially this only included cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and roll-your-own tobacco. In 2016, the deeming rule extended regulatory authority to include all tobacco products, including cigars. The deeming rule prohibited the introduction of new tobacco products into the marketplace without proper marketing authorisation and laid out pathways for tobacco companies to follow. The deeming rule should have frozen the cigar marketplace in 2016. In this paper, we describe how the cigarillo marketplace, nevertheless, continues to diversify with new brands, flavors, styles and packaging sizes entering the market regularly. As an example, we highlight recent promotional efforts by Swedish Match North America (Swedish Match) for their popular cigarillo brands, including White Owl, Night Owl and Garcia y Vega’s Game brand. We argue that ambiguities in the TCA make it unclear whether Swedish Match’s seemingly new cigarillos fit the definition of new tobacco products and, if so, whether they are on the market legally. Swedish Match and other cigarillo companies may be taking advantage of these ambiguities to promote a variety of cigarillo flavors and styles in innovative ways. Given that cigars are combustible tobacco products that pose many of the same risks as cigarettes, this business practice raises significant concerns regarding the protection of public health, particularly among young people.

scholarly journals Unearthing LTR retrotransposon gag genes co-opted in the deep evolution of eukaryotes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Wang ◽  
Guan-Zhu Han
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Ltr Retrotransposon ◽  
Ltr Retrotransposons ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Gene Expression Analyses ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Gypsy Retrotransposons

Abstract LTR retrotransposons comprise a major component of the genomes of eukaryotes. On occasion, retrotransposon genes can be recruited by their hosts for diverse functions, a process formally referred to as co-option. However, a comprehensive picture of LTR retrotransposon gag gene co-option in eukaryotes is still lacking, with several documented cases exclusively involving Ty3/Gypsy retrotransposons in animals. Here we use a phylogenomic approach to systemically unearth co-option of retrotransposon gag genes above the family level of taxonomy in 2,011 eukaryotes, namely co-option occurring during the deep evolution of eukaryotes. We identify a total of 14 independent gag gene co-option events across more than 740 eukaryote families, eight of which have not been reported previously. Among these retrotransposon gag gene co-option events, nine, four, and one involve gag genes of Ty3/Gypsy, Ty1/Copia, and Bel-Pao retrotransposons, respectively. Seven, four, and three co-option events occurred in animals, plants, and fungi, respectively. Interestingly, two co-option events took place in the early evolution of angiosperms. Both selective pressure and gene expression analyses further support that these co-opted gag genes might perform diverse cellular functions in their hosts, and several co-opted gag genes might be subject to positive selection. Taken together, our results provide a comprehensive picture of LTR retrotransposon gag gene co-option events that occurred during the deep evolution of eukaryotes, and suggest paucity of LTR retrotransposon gag gene co-option during the deep evolution of eukaryotes.

scholarly journals The Role of Botanical Families in Medicinal Ethnobotany: A Phylogenetic Perspective

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Airy Gras ◽  
Oriane Hidalgo ◽  
Ugo D’Ambrosio ◽  
Montse Parada ◽  
Teresa Garnatje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Phylogenetic Level ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Medicinal Flora

Studies suggesting that medicinal plants are not chosen at random are becoming more common. The goal of this work is to shed light on the role of botanical families in ethnobotany, depicting in a molecular phylogenetic frame the relationships between families and medicinal uses of vascular plants in several Catalan-speaking territories. The simple quantitative analyses for ailments categories and the construction of families and disorders matrix were carried out in this study. A Bayesian approach was used to estimate the over- and underused families in the medicinal flora. Phylogenetically informed analyses were carried out to identify lineages in which there is an overrepresentation of families in a given category of use, i.e., hot nodes. The ethnobotanicity index, at a specific level, was calculated and also adapted to the family level. Two diversity indices to measure the richness of reported taxa within each family were calculated. A total of 47,630 use reports were analysed. These uses are grouped in 120 botanical families. The ethnobotanicity index for this area is 14.44% and the ethnobotanicity index at the family level is 68.21%. The most-reported families are Lamiaceae and Asteraceae and the most reported troubles are disorders of the digestive and nutritional system. Based on the meta-analytic results, indicating hot nodes of useful plants at the phylogenetic level, specific ethnopharmacological research may be suggested, including a phytochemical approach of particularly interesting taxa.

scholarly journals Inuit plant use in the eastern Subarctic: comparative ethnobotany in Kangiqsualujjuaq, Nunavik, and in Nain, Nunatsiavut

Botany ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 271-282
Author(s):  
Alain Cuerrier ◽  
Courtenay Clark ◽  
Christian H. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Ethnobotanical Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Plant Uses ◽  
The Family ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Comparative Ethnobotany

Plants are important in traditional Inuit life. They are used for food, tea, medicine, etc. Based on semi-structured interviews with 35 informants, we documented and compared plant names and uses in Kangiqsualujjuaq, Nunavik, and in Nain, Nunatsiavut. Plant names and uses were expected to be similar between communities owing to common boreal–subarctic environments and cultural ties. Both communities reported the same number of taxa, with equivalent proportions of vascular and nonvascular plants, growth forms, use categories, and medicinal uses. Forty-three species were used in each community, for a total of 78 species from 39 families. Despite a high overlap in species distributions, only 35% of nonvascular and 56% of vascular species were used in both communities. Correspondence was higher at the family level (64% of nonvascular and 75% of vascular families shared). The Ericaceae family was the most used, followed by Rosaceae. Thirteen of 30 medicinal species were shared between communities. There was a low correspondence regarding the conditions for which the medicinal species were used. Edible taxa were shared the most (52%). Plant uses unique to either Nain or Kangiqsualujjuaq may reveal separate bodies of traditional knowledge, or may reflect an overall loss of ethnobotanical knowledge in the Subarctic due to recent lifestyle changes.

Ciguapas in New York: Transcultural Ethnicity and Transracialization in Dominican American Performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMILIA MARÍA DURÁN-ALMARZA
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Dominican Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dominican American

The Dominican American community in New York is perhaps one of the best examples of how processes of transculturation are affecting traditional definitions of ethnic identification. Given the intense economic, social and cultural transnational exchanges between the island and the USA from the 1960s, Dominicanyorks have been challenging the illusion of homogeneity in the definition of Americanness for decades, creating transnational social networks that transcend traditional national and ethnographic boundaries. The theatrical works of Josefina Báez, a Dominican American performer living in New York, and Sherezada (Chiqui) Vicioso, a Dominican poet and playwright who lived and worked in the US metropolis for decades before moving back to the Dominican Republic, lyrically explore issues of diaspora, identity and migration and the impact these phenomena might have in the lives of migrant Dominican women. Presenting diasporic experiences from two differing but interconnected locales – New York and the Dominican Republic – these plays offer two complementary views on the ways in which ethnicity, race, social class, age and geopolitical location interact in the formation of transcultural identities, thus contributing to develop a hemispheric approach to the study of identity formation in the Americas.

The limits of the family Evaniidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) and a new genus from Lebanese Amberamber

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan H. Basibuyuk ◽  
Mike G. Fitton ◽  
Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn ◽  
Donald L.J. Quicke
Keyword(s):  
Fore Wing ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe definition of the family Evaniidae is revised and Cretevaniidae are synonymised with Evaniidae based on evidence derived from recently described Mesozoic taxa and a new genus and species, Lebanevania azari, described here from Lebanese amber. A fore leg with a long trochanter and a 12-segmented antenna are autapomorphies of the new genus. A large, high and wide head and a high and short mesosoma are derived characters shared with other Evaniidae. The new genus also has complete fore wing venation and lacks a tubular petiole, which are ground plan features of the Evanioidea. A cladistic analysis of fossil and extant members of the superfamily Evanioidea and notes on fossil taxa are presented.

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