Consumer survey on the final consumer behavior concerning the disposal of WEEE in Germany

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110251
Author(s):  
Sina Kummer ◽  
Stephan Löhle ◽  
Ute Schmiedel
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
Consumer Survey ◽  
Collection Rate ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Disposal Behavior ◽  
Final Consumer

The evaluation of the waste of electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) collection masses in relation to the amounts placed on the market shows comparably low rates of about 43 to 45% in Germany for the last years. Since a minimum collection rate of 65% has to be achieved from 2019 onward, it is important to ask how the current low rates can be explained. In light of these low rates, the disposal behavior of consumers might play a significant role which is examined in this study. A survey was conducted at the end of February 2018 to assess the consumers’ behavior concerning the individual disposal of WEEE. The residents’ knowledge about the known return possibilities and the collection systems for WEEE were investigated and if disposal routes differ for large and for small devices. On top of that regional differences in disposal behavior within Germany were considered to explain in all the existing deficits in the collection rate. The consumer survey showed that predominantly regular routes for the disposal of WEEE are used and relevant quantities are not only physically “lost,” but that there are also significant deficits in the monitoring itself.

scholarly journals Sustainable Consumer Behavior in Purchasing, Using and Disposing of Clothes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8333
Author(s):  
Mirella Soyer ◽  
Koen Dittrich
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Evaluation ◽  
Sustainable Practices ◽  
Usage Phase ◽  
The Core

In this study we investigate how consumers in The Netherlands can be persuaded to adopt sustainable practices when purchasing, using and disposing of clothes. This study investigates the attitude-behavior gap for the sustainable choices for purchase, use and disposing of clothes. For each consumption phase we ran a two-step multiple regression. The findings showed that the importance of the factors vary in the three consumption phases. For purchasing and disposal decisions, the core motivator social motivation predicts sustainable practices best, while it has no role in the usage phase. The factor ability appeared to have a significant role in the disposal phase, but not in the other phases. Finally, the trigger appears to lower the consumers’ ability in the purchasing phase, while it enhances the core motivator social evaluation in the disposal phase.

Understanding Consumer Behavior Through Eye-Tracking

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-81
Author(s):  
H. Serhat Cerci ◽  
A. Selcuk Koyluoglu
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Tracking Module ◽  
Individual Examination

The purpose of this chapter, which is designed to measure where and how the consumer focuses in an advertising brochure, which visual is more striking, and how much eye strain (twitch) it takes, is to measure the density and visual attention of the eyes through the eye-tracking device during the individual examination. For this study, an experimental laboratory for neuromarketing research was used. After watching the videos and images of the participants in the eye-tracking module, the general evaluations were taken to determine what they remembered, and a comparison opportunity was born. According to the findings, logos, and photographs are more effective than texts. Viewers read large text and skip small text. Suggestions for future research are presented in the chapter.

Active Within Structures: Predictors of Esports Gameplay and Spectatorship

2020 ◽  
pp. 216747952094274
Author(s):  
Tang Tang ◽  
Jake Kucek ◽  
Steven Toepfer
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Active Audience ◽  
Sports Fandom ◽  
Structural Theories

This study puts both esports gameplay and spectatorship into consideration and pinpoints how individual and structural factors explain why people play and watch esports to better understand the complexities and intricacies of esports consumption. Results indicate that both measures commonly associated with active audience, and structural theories played a significant role in explaining esports consumption. Specifically, esports gameplay was explained relatively more by structural factors than by individual factors. Different from esports gameplay, esports spectatorship was driven significantly more by individual factors. Preferences, motivations, availability, and access significantly predicted both esports gameplay and spectatorship. Sports fandom and use of interactive features, on the other hand, only predicted esports spectatorship but did not influence gameplay. By employing an integrative approach, this study aids in the development of conceptual framework that will serve to predict esports consumer behavior.

Elders and Deacons in Kampen and Wemeldinge: Dutch Reformed Approaches to Consistory Elections

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-42
Author(s):  
Kyle J. Dieleman
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Dutch Reformed ◽  
Reformed Churches ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Church

The consistory was a crucial institution in early modern Reformed churches. This article examines the nominations and elections of elders and deacons in the Dutch Reformed consistories of Kampen and Wemeldinge, shedding light on who was being nominated and elected and how such processes functioned in these churches. In particular, research into the Kampen consistory records demonstrates the importance given to the office of elder despite little theological backing for such a hieararchy; this was true to a lesser extent in Wemeldinge. In addition, the Kampen civil authorities played a significant role in the life of the consistory, most notably through the service of burgomasters as elders. The presence of burgomasters on the consistory is not present in Wemeldinge, indicating a more separate relationship between the church and state. In both Kampen and Wemeldinge, the elections of elders and deacons were unique and responded to the challenges and priorities of the individual contexts and communities.

scholarly journals Serum thyroglobulin before and after iodization of salt: an 11-year DanThyr follow-up study

2015 ◽  
Vol 173 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Krejbjerg ◽  
Lena Bjergved ◽  
Inge Bülow Pedersen ◽  
Allan Carlé ◽  
Nils Knudsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Serum Thyroglobulin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Individual

ObjectiveOur objective was to investigate individual serum thyroglobulin (Tg) changes in relation to iodine fortification (IF) and to clarify possible predictors of these changes.DesignWe performed a longitudinal population-based study (DanThyr) in two regions with different iodine intake at baseline: Aalborg (moderate iodine deficiency (ID)) and Copenhagen (mild ID). Participants were examined at baseline (1997) before the mandatory IF of salt (2000) and again at follow-up (2008) after IF.MethodsWe examined 2465 adults and a total of 1417 participants with no previous thyroid disease and without Tg-autoantibodies were included in the analyses. Serum Tg was measured by immunoradiometric method. We registered participants with a daily intake of iodine from supplements in addition to IF.ResultsOverall, the follow-up period saw no change in median Tg in Copenhagen (9.1/9.1 μg/l,P=0.67) while Tg decreased significantly in Aalborg (11.4/9.0 μg/l,P<0.001). Regional differences were evident before IF (Copenhagen/Aalborg, 9.1/11.4 μg/l,P<0.001), whereas no differences existed after IF (9.1/9.0 μg/l,P=1.00). Living in Aalborg (P<0.001) and not using iodine supplements at baseline (P=0.001) predicted a decrease in Tg whereas baseline thyroid enlargement (P=0.02) and multinodularity (P=0.01) were associated with an individual increase in Tg during follow-up.ConclusionsAfter IF we observed a decrease in median Tg in Aalborg and the previously observed regional differences between Aalborg and Copenhagen had levelled out. Likewise, living in Aalborg was a strong predictor of an individual decrease in serum Tg. Thus, even small differences in iodine intake at baseline were very important for the individual response to IF.

Thresholds of the Tragic: A Study of Space in Sophocles and Racine

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-241
Author(s):  
Pascale-Anne Brault
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
The World ◽  
Tragic Event ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Boundary Situation ◽  
Or Gate ◽  
The Way

You have turned the page, and thus have already opened a door.A door to the text.A text about doors.Or, to be more precise, about the recurrence of doors and their function in Sophocles and Racine.Our purpose in focusing on plays in which the door or gate has a significant role for the individual and his being-in-the-world is to delineate the passageway which leads the tragic character to a boundary situation and, from there, to a possible transgression of that situation. That which is on each side of the door, the spaces created by the thresholds, will thus help locate the place of the tragic event. This spatialization of the tragic event as the transgressing of a boundary situation is emphasized by the way in which both Sophocles and Racine determine the parameters of the action as it is structured within a specific space.

scholarly journals Quality-related regional differences in entrepreneurship based on the GEDI methodology: The case of Hungary

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Komlósi ◽  
László Szerb ◽  
Zoltán J. Ács ◽  
Raquel Ortega-Argilés
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Portfolio Optimisation ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Regional Systems ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Bottleneck Analysis ◽  
Policy Suggestions ◽  
Entrepreneurship Theory ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Individual

This paper presents a regional application of the Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index (GEDI) methodology of Acs et al. (2013) to examine the level of entrepreneurship across Hungary’s seven NUTS-2 level regions between 2006 and 2012. The Regional Entrepreneurship and Development Index (REDI) has been constructed for capturing the individual efforts, and their contextual features, of entrepreneurship across regions. The REDI method builds on a Systems of Entrepreneurship Theory and provides a way to profile Regional Systems of Entrepreneurship. Important aspects of the REDI method include the Penalty for Bottleneck analysis, which helps in identifying constraining factors in Regional Systems of Entrepreneurship, and Policy Portfolio Optimisation analysis, which helps policymakers consider trade-offs between alternative policy scenarios and associated allocations of policy resources. The paper describes the entrepreneurial disparities amongst Hungarian regions and provides public policy suggestions to improve the level of entrepreneurship and to optimise resource allocation over the 14 pillars of entrepreneurship in the seven Hungarian regions.

scholarly journals Oblicza człowieka masowego — od totalitaryzmu do konsumpcjonizmu

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-272
Author(s):  
Jacek Kaczor
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Mass Society ◽  
Specific Community ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents two figures of mass society that emerged in the twentieth century. The former revealed itself in the era of totalitarianism, while the latter resulted in the emergence of a consumer society. Neither of these figures are a necessary consequence of the processes leading to the rise of the masses as a social phenomenon. They have been created as a result of specific historical conditions. Consequently, mass society can take on any of these forms. They are also not disjoint, which means that authoritarian attitudes and consumer behavior can occur simultaneously. The relationship between the described attitudes adopted by the mass man occurs at the level of their attitude to freedom and democratic institutions. Modernity has resulted in the fact that the individual cannot cope with the freedom they gained as a result of being freed from tradition and religion. If they cannot free themselves an authority to show them how to live. This authority may also be of a group nature. Belonging to a specific community gives an individual a sense of bond and security. Freedom in a consumer society is primarily the freedom to choose consumer goods. In any case, democracy is not a valued form of managing society. Before the rise of totalitarianism, it did not ensure sufficient coherence and a sense of participation. At the same time, in the consumer society, its basic procedures began to trivialize and become part of marketing mechanisms.

scholarly journals Explaining temporal trends and regional variation in attitudes towards foreign workers: group conflict theory and Finland 1990–2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Elina Kilpi-Jakonen
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Group Conflict ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Foreign Population ◽  
Group Conflict Theory ◽  
The Individual

This article explores a dynamic version of group conflict theory as an explanation for developments over time as well as regional differences in attitudes towards foreign workers in Finland in the period 1990–2013. In particular, it is argued that recent changes in potential for conflict are more likely to affect attitudes than are their levels. The results confirm this as it is both change in the rate of growth of the foreign population and possibly change in unemployment that tend to have an effect on attitudes, whereas the size of the foreign population and the level of unemployment do not. These change measures tend to have an effect at the national rather than the regional level. On the other hand, regional differences are not explained by any of the contextual variables tested. The data used at the individual level is a pooled data set (N=28,135) of 13 EVA Surveys on Finnish Values and Attitudes.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Current Crisis Generated by the COVID-19 Pandemic on Consumer Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-99
Author(s):  
Duralia Oana
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Purchasing Behavior ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIt is well known that the extent to which the supply manages to adapt to the demands and changes in consumer behavior is key to the success of a business or, in the current economic context, to the survival of a business. This paper aims to analyze the manner in which the perception and attitude of the individual towards risk causes major changes in its purchasing behavior and, implicitly, to identify the tools of marketing with a favorable impact on the consumer, in the economic and social context generated by the Covid-19 pandemic. Although the fear and concern generated by the current economic and social crisis are visibly affecting both social behavior in general, and purchasing behavior in particular, finding effective ways to inform and communicate with consumers to facilitate their access to up-to-date and highly accurate information is essential both to meet the growing need for information in conditions of risk and uncertainty, and to guide the purchasing decision towards the best alternative for the consumer.

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