Effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles administered during pregnancy on depression-like behavior in forced swimming and tail suspension tests in offspring mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-304
Author(s):  
Mitra Tarlan ◽  
Javad Sajedianfard ◽  
Mazyar Fathi
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Applications of engineered nanoparticles are rapidly increasing. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are used in many products including those produced by pigment and cosmetic manufacturers. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal exposure during pregnancy to TiO2 NPs on depressive-like behavior in the first and second generation offspring. Materials and Methods: Forty female albino mice were placed into four groups for 2 weeks. Fertile males were then added to each cage by a ratio of two males to five females. After detection of pregnancy, the mice were transferred to separate cages. The study groups were divided into four groups: the first group, served as control, did not receive any treatment; the second group received injections of normal saline; groups 3 and 4 received, respectively, 50 and 100 µl of TiO2 NP solution injections subcutaneously on days 3, 7, 10, and 14 after mating. Behavioral tests were conducted on postnatal days 21 and 40. Findings: Subcutaneous injection of 50 and 100 µl of TiO2 NPs significantly ( p < 0.05) increased the immobility time in the forced swimming test and tail suspension test (TST). No significant difference was observed in measured variables between groups receiving 50 and 100 µl of TiO2 NPs. No significant difference was also found between male and female offspring. Depression-like behavior increased in the second generation of mice in the forced swim test and TST. Conclusion: Prenatal exposure of mothers to TiO2 NPs would increase depression-like behavior in neonatal mice.

Nitric oxide mediates the antidepressant-like effect of modafinil in mouse forced swimming and tail suspension tests

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Omidi-Ardali ◽  
Abolfazl Ghasemi Badi ◽  
Elham Saghaei ◽  
Hossein Amini-Khoei
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

AbstractObjectivesPrevious studies have suggested antidepressant properties for modafinil; however, the underlying mechanisms mediating the antidepressant effect of modafinil have not been well recognized in clinical and animal studies. Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the pathophysiology of depression. We attempted to investigate the possible role of NO in the antidepressant-like effect of modafinil in mouse forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST).MethodsThe antidepressant-like effect of modafinil (25, 50 and 75 mg/kg), alone and in combination with l-arginine, l-arg, (100 mg/kg) and NG-l-arginine methyl ester, l-NAME (5 mg/kg), was evaluated using FST and TST. Following behavioral tests, the hippocampi were dissected out to measure nitrite levels.ResultsFindings suggested that administration of modafinil at doses of 50 and 75 mg/kg significantly reduced immobility time in the FST and TST. Furthermore, administration of l-arg and l-NAME increased and decreased, respectively, the immobility time in the FST and TST. We showed that co-administration of a sub-effective dose of modafinil (25 mg/kg) plus l-NAME potentiated the antidepressant-like effect of the sub-effective dose of modafinil. In addition, co-treatment of an effective dose of modafinil (75 mg/kg) with l-arg attenuated the antidepressant-like effect of the effective dose of modafinil. We showed that the antidepressant-like effect of modafinil is associated with decreased nitrite levels in the hippocampus.ConclusionsOur findings for the first time support that the modulation of NO, partially at least, is involved in the antidepressant-like effect of modafinil in mouse FST and TST.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antidepressant activity of tramadol in comparison with imipramine in Swiss albino mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
Chiranjeevi Bonda ◽  
Sudhir Pawar ◽  
Jaisen Lokhande
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Forced Swim ◽  
Group I ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Suspension Test

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the antidepressant effect of opioid analgesic tramadol using forced swim test and tail suspension test models.Methods: The antidepressant effect was assessed by recording the immobility time in Forced swim test (FST) and Tail suspension test (TST). The mice were randomly divided into five groups. Mice belonging to group I was given normal saline (0.1ml/kg) which acted as control. Group II received imipramine (15mg/kg) considered as the standard drug tramadol was given in graded dose (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) to mice of groups III, IV, V respectively. All drugs were administered intraperitoneally for seven successive days; test was done on 7th day.Results: Tramadol and Imipramine showed antidepressant activity when compared to control. There is dose dependent increase in antidepressant activity of tramadol. The antidepressant activity of imipramine was significantly (P<0.05) more than tramadol at dose 10 and 20 mg/kg but antidepressant activity with tramadol 40mg/kg was comparable to imipramine treated mice.Conclusions: The results of this study indicated the presence of antidepressant activity of tramadol at 40mg/kg.

FC23-04 - Anti-neuropeptide y plasma immunoglobulins are distinctly associated with altered mood and appetite in depressive disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1942-1942
Author(s):  
F.D. Garcia ◽  
Q. Coquerel ◽  
J.-C. do Rego ◽  
A. Cravezic ◽  
E. Kiive ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Immobility Time

IntroductionNeuropeptide Y(NPY) has potent antidepressant and orexigenic properties suggesting that altered NPY signaling can be relevant to etiology of altered mood and appetite commonly co-occurring in depressive disorder.ObjectiveStudy if plasma levels and affinities of anti-NPY immunoglobulins(autoAbs) are affected in depression.MethodsPlasma levels of NPY-reactive total/free IgG, IgM and IgA autoAbs were measured by ELISA in 14 patients with mild and in 9 patients with moderate depression and 20 controls. Affinity of autoAbs was assayed by the plasmon resonance. Depressant-like effect of human autoAbs was studied in mice using forced-swim test(FST) after IV injections of patients’ and controls’ IgG. Effects of affinity anti-NPY to antagonize NPY-induced antidepressant and orexigenic effects were studied in mice.ResultsPlasma levels of NPY total IgG autoAbs were lower in patients with moderate depression than in patients with mild depression and healthy controls. MADRS scores correlated negatively with levels of NPY free autoAbs but not with their affinity values were not significantly among study groups. Body mass index(BMI) correlated negatively with affinities of NPY IgG autoAbs. Immobility time in FST was increased by I.V. injection of IgG of patients and controls and correlated negatively with levels of NPY total IgG autoAbs. Low and high affinity NPY IgG autoAbs antagonized NPY-induced anti-immobility effect. Higher affinity autoAbs antagonized more NPY-induced food intake.ConclusionThese data suggest that changes of plasma levels of anti-NPY autoAbs are relevant to altered mood while changes of their affinity may be involved in altered appetite in depressive disorder.

scholarly journals Impact of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Cd Phytotoxicity and Bioaccumulation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Jinghua Long ◽  
Jianmin Geng ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Zhongyi Wei
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Booting Stage ◽  
Tio2 Nps ◽  
The Impact

The impact of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) on the migration and toxicity of coexisting pollutants is still unclear, especially in soil media. This study aims to evaluate the impact of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) on the phytotoxicity of cadmium (Cd) to Oryza sativa L., and the migration of cadmium (Cd) in the soil-rice system. Three different Cd stress groups (C1 group: 1.0 mg kg−1, C2 group: 2.5 mg kg−1 and C3 group: 5.0 mg kg−1) were set in the pot experiment, and the target concentration of TiO2 NPs in each group were 0 mg kg−1 (T0), 50 mg kg−1 (T1), 100 mg kg−1 (T2) and 500 mg kg−1 (T3). Plant height and biomass decreased with the increasing of Cd content in paddy soil. TiO2 NPs could lower the phytotoxicity of Cd in terms of the changes in the morphological and biochemical characteristics, especially in the tillering and booting stage. In the tillering stage, TiO2 NPs addition caused a significant increase in plant height, biomass and the total chlorophyll content in the leaves of Oryza saliva L. In the booting stage, TiO2 NPs addition caused a 15% to 32% and 24% to 48% reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) content for the C2 and C3 group, respectively, compared to that of the respective control treatment (T0). TiO2-NPs addition reduced the activity of peroxidase (POD) in the leaves in the booting and heading stage, and the activity of catalase (CAT) in the tillering stage. In the C1 and C2 group, the grain Cd content in the 100 and 500 mg kg−1 TiO2 NPs treatments reached 0.47–0.84 mg kg−1, obviously higher than that of the treatment without TiO2 NPs (0.27–0.32 mg kg−1), suggesting that TiO2-NPs could promote Cd migration in the soil-rice system.

Potentials of Mangifera indica in the treatment of depressive-anxiety disorders: possible mechanisms of action

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail O. Ishola ◽  
Olufunsho Awodele ◽  
Chinedum O. Eluogu
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

Abstract:: HeMI (12.5–100 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered 1 h before subjecting the animal to the forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and elevated plus maze tests (EPM).: HeMI (12.5–100 mg/kg, p.o.) treatment produced significant reduction in immobility time [F(6.56)=8.35, p<0.001], [F(6,56)=7.55, p<0.001] in the FST and TST, respectively. Moreover, co-administration of sub-therapeutic doses of imipramine or fluoxetine with HeMI (3.125 mg/kg) elicited significant reduction in time spent immobile in the FST. However, pretreatment of mice with parachlorophenylalanine, metergoline, yohimbine or sulpiride abolished the antidepressant-like effect elicited by HeMI. In the EPM, HeMI produced significant [F(5,42)=8.91, p<0.001] increase in open arms exploration by 75.55 % and this effect was blocked by pretreatment of mice with flumazenil or metergoline.: Findings from this study showed antidepressant-like effect of

scholarly journals Antidepressant-like effect of Cuminum cyminum essential oil on the forced swim and tail suspension tests in male mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
Kosar Asadi ◽  
Saeid Abbasi-Maleki ◽  
Goudarz Sadeghi Hashjin
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Cuminum Cyminum ◽  
Forced Swim ◽  
Immobility Time

Background and aims: Several pharmacological and biological activities have been attributed to Cuminum cyminum L. (CC), including analgesic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-epileptic effects. In this regard, the present study evaluated the antidepressant-like effects of the CC essential oil (EO) on the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) in male mice. Materials and Methods: The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) apparatus was used for detecting the chemical compounds of CC EO. In the present study, 72 male NMRI mice were randomly allocated to 12 groups (each containing 6 animals) including control or vehicle (10 mL/kg, i.p.), fluoxetine (20 mg/kg, i.p.), imipramine (30 mg/kg, i.p), and the CC EO (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg, i.p.). Then, several parameters were measured and recorded, including immobility time, swimming time, and climbing time in FST, along with immobility time in TST, respectively. Results: Cuminaldehyde followed by cymene, γ-terpinene, phenylglycol, 2-caren-10-al, 2-β-pinene, acoradiene, and cuminic acid were the major components of the CC EO. Based on the results, all doses of the CC, fluoxetine, and imipramine reduced immobility time in both FST (P<0.001) and TST (P<0.001). On the other hand, all doses of the CC and fluoxetine increased swimming time (P<0.001) although climbing time was only increased by 200 and 300 mg/kg of the EO (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively) and imipramine (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, the components of the CC induced antidepressant-like activity similar to that of fluoxetine and imipramine in both tests. However, further studies are required to confirm the role of different active components and the exact mechanism of action.

scholarly journals Alpha-terpineol: evaluation and pharmacological screening as an antidepressant agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e191101119571
Author(s):  
Amanda Fonseca Costa Assunção ◽  
Nícolas Davidson Sérvulo Rodrigues ◽  
Andreia Viana da Costa Sampaio ◽  
Karolinny dos Santos Silva ◽  
Laryssa Roque da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Action

Objective: To evaluate the possible antidepressant effects of alpha-terpineol in rodents. Material and Methods: Depression levels were analyzed by comparing the total immobility time presented by the animals of the experimental groups in the test session, using the Forced Swimming Test and the Tail Suspension Test. The parameters of locomotion (central, peripheral and total) and motor coordination were evaluated in the Open Field Test and in the Rota Rod Test, respectively. In the second stage, the involvement of the noradrenergic system in the antidepressant action of alpha-terpineol in Forced Swimming Test was investigated. Results and Discussion: After performing the experimental tests, it was observed that the animals that received alpha-terpineol had reduced immobility time in Forced Swimming Test and Tail Suspension Test, compared to the other groups. In the Open Field Test and Rota-rod, the mice showed, respectively, good exploratory activity and motor coordination during the tests. In addition, the study of the Noradrenergic System proved to be a promising mechanism used during its antidepressant action. Conclusion: In view of the results of the experimental tests, alpha-terpineol presented similar responses to those found in other monoterpenes investigated in the literature. Thus, it is shown as a promising antidepressant to be used clinically in humans, with less side effects and low production cost.

scholarly journals Influence of TiO2Nanoparticles on Growth and Phenolic Compounds Production in Photosynthetic Microorganisms

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Comotto ◽  
Alessandro Alberto Casazza ◽  
Bahar Aliakbarian ◽  
Valentina Caratto ◽  
Maurizio Ferretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Photosynthetic Microorganisms ◽  
Significant Growth Inhibition

The influence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (pure anatase and 15% N doped anatase) on the growth ofChlorella vulgaris,Haematococcus pluvialis, andArthrospira platensiswas investigated. Results showed that pure anatase can lead to a significant growth inhibition ofC. vulgarisandA. platensis(17.0 and 74.1%, resp.), while forH. pluvialisthe nanoparticles do not cause a significant inhibition. Since in these stress conditions photosynthetic microorganisms can produce antioxidant compounds in order to prevent cell damages, we evaluated the polyphenols content either inside the cells or released in the medium. Although results did not show a significant difference inC. vulgaris, the phenolic concentrations of two other microorganisms were statistically affected by the presence of titanium dioxide. In particular, 15% N doped anatase resulted in a higher production of extracellular antioxidant compounds, reaching the concentration of 65.2 and68.0 mg gDB-1forH. pluvialisandA. platensis, respectively.

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Cetylpyridinium Chloride Enriched Glass-Ionomer Restorative Cement: A Comparative Study Assessing Compressive Strength and Antibacterial Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Nida Hamid ◽  
Ravishankar Lingesha Telgi ◽  
Amit Tirth ◽  
Vaibhav Tandon ◽  
Smita Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To evaluate the addition of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) on the compressive strength and antibacterial activity of conventional glass-ionomer cement (GIC). Study design: TiO2 nanoparticles enriched GIC was prepared by adding 3% TiO2 nanoparticles (w/w) into the powder component of conventional GIC. CPC containing GIC was developed by incorporating 1% CPC (w/w) into conventional GIC powder. Samples were segregated into three groups: GIC with 3% TiO2 nanoparticles, GIC with 1% CPC and unmodified conventional GIC. Compressive strength was assessed using the universal testing machine on cylindrical specimens made from each material. Antibacterial activity was assessed by measuring inhibition zones on Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin (MSB) agar inoculated with pure strain of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Results: GIC containing TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited significantly greater compressive strength as compared with CPC and conventional GIC groups (P &lt; 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between the compressive strengths of CPC and conventional GIC group (P &gt;0.05). Antibacterial activity was significantly greater for TiO2 group than conventional GIC (P &lt;0.05). CPC increased the antibacterial activity of conventional GIC, though not significantly. Conclusion: The addition of 3% TiO2 nanoparticles improves the compressive strength of GIC as well as its antibacterial activity against S. mutans.

scholarly journals Features of Surface Structures of Alumina and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Produced Using Different Synthesis Methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Syzrantsev ◽  
Evgenii Paukshtis ◽  
Tatyana Larina ◽  
Yuriy Chesalov ◽  
Sergey Bardakhanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Energy Shift ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Diffuse Reflection Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Luminescence Characteristics ◽  
Comprehensive Study

A comparative study of the scope and surface properties of alumina (Al2O3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, synthesized using different methods, was carried out using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet UV-Vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), and Raman spectroscopy, as well as X-ray diffraction methods. It is shown that the differences in the synthesis methods can change the surface properties of the nanoparticles, while maintaining the phase composition of the material. The nanoparticles of each material are shown to exhibit unexpected properties. In particular, the special luminescence characteristics of TiO2, a photon-energy shift from the rutile region into that region typical for the anatase, and a significant difference in the Lewis center concentration values for the alumina γ-phase were observed. This variation in the properties indicates the necessity to involve a wider range of analysis techniques and the importance of precisely characterizing the surface properties. To identify those nanoparticle functional properties that determine their interactions with other materials, a comprehensive study of their phase compositions and surface properties must be completed.

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