Implementation of automatic manual transmission for a two wheeler

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110265
Author(s):  
Keshav Alias Deepesh Ramesh Shetkar ◽  
Tejas Sadanand Pethker ◽  
Saurabh Shrikant Savant ◽  
Nilabh Rajendraprasad Vishwakarma
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Manual Transmission ◽  
The Other ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Actuation Mechanism ◽  
The World ◽  
Variable Transmission ◽  
Two Wheeler ◽  
Starting Torque

The concept of Automatic Manual Transmission (AMT) is picking up speed in India after the launch of the Maruti Suzuki Celerio. But very few of the two-wheeler manufacturers in the world have tried to implement the AMT concept in a motorcycle. There are gearless motorcycles available which use a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) and a Centrifugal clutch, but this setup is very inefficient compared to a positive gear drivetrain. Thus these gearless motorcycles get low mileage and are also more expensive to manufacture. Geared motorcycles, on the other hand, have better starting torque, greater mileage and a higher span of gear ratios. They are also cheaper, but the average buyer is discouraged by the complexity of the operation. Even those familiar with riding a motorcycle do not shift optimally to obtain the best mileage/performance. The aim of this paper is to present an innovative AMT system developed and implemented on a manual geared motorcycle having a sequential constant-mesh gearbox with a multi-plate clutch. This was carried out by interfacing the manual gear shifting motorcycle with a microcontroller and using an electronic actuation mechanism to make it an automatic gear shifting motorcycle. The significant steps of this project would involve the sensor readouts of the parameters necessary, the actuation of the controls and, most importantly, the algorithm for the optimal shift points for a given motorcycle. These would be obtained experimentally and using the manufacturer data, if available. This AMT setup has been successfully developed and implemented. This setup can then be applied to any geared motorcycle with minimal structural changes without any modification to its existing gearbox. This converts the manual geared motorcycle into the automatic gear shifting motorcycle having better fuel economy and lower maintenance costs as compared to the conventional CVT motorcycles.

scholarly journals Continuously Variable Transmissions - outline

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-451
Author(s):  
Jarosław Goszczak ◽  
Bartosz Radzymiński
Keyword(s):  
Work Conditions ◽  
Continuously Variable Transmission ◽  
Manual Transmission ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The World ◽  
Continuously Variable Transmissions ◽  
Variable Transmission ◽  
Ratio Change ◽  
Different Parts

Paper concerned the Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT). The comparison of the engine’s work conditions with conventional manual transmission and CVT’s is presented. Also, a short historical track is included. Furthermore, a production data with the forecast is presented for different parts of the World. Various current solutions of continuous ratio change are mentioned with the more detailed description of the most popular design used in passenger cars. Technological challenges and possibilities of further transmission improvement are included.

scholarly journals «ТРИ ОНТОЛОГІЧНІ ВИМІРИ ТІЛА» Ж.-П. САРТРА В КОНТЕКСТІ СОМАТИЧНОЇ ПРОБЛЕМАТИКИ СУЧАСНОГО ГУМАНІТАРНОГО ДИСКУРСУ

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Maryna Volodymyrivna Olkhovyk
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Target Setting ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
The World

The urgency of the research resulted from the need for a comprehensive analysis of all dimensions of personal somatic existence, its structural changes and variability, possible transformations and functioning within the information society, and, consequently, determining the role of body in the latest social tendencies. Target setting. The paper reveals the main aspects of somatic issues and the "theory of the body for the Other" suggested by J. P. Sartre in one of his main works "Being and Nothingness". To achieve this goal the theoretical and methodological foundations of somatic issues in the scientific discourse of the 20th - early 21st centuries have been studied. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. E. Husserl, J. Lacan, M. Merleau-Ponty, J. P. Sartre, Z. Freud, representatives of surrealism (J. Bataille, A. Arto), French poststructuralism (R. Barth, J. Deleuze, F. Guattari, J. Baudrillard, M. Foucault) and studies by M. Bakhtin, Y. Lotman, A. Losev had a significant influence on the understanding of the body as a cultural universal. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Examining the originality of Sartre's ideas about the body and "body-for-the-Other", the peculiarities of the existential understanding of a man, especially his body characteristics, have been determined. The analysis of the work "Being and Nothingness" makes it possible to study the theory of "body-for-the-Other," its components, to clarify three ontological dimensions of the body and the relations with others as basic in Sartre's philosophy. The research objective. To reveal the main aspects of the somatic problems of J.P. Sartre's “theory of the body for the Other”, suggested by him in one of the major works “Being and Nothingness” and explore the further transformation of the concept of the Other in its bodily aspects in the context of the problem of identity. The statement of basic materials. The category of the Other is peculiar because with its help Sartre explains the existence of a man. The existence of the Other must be recognized as an inviolable fact. And this is what allows a person to discover their own existence. As a result, a person finds themselves not as a subject who knows, but as a certain state (shame, pride, fear, nausea), as actual existence. And it is impossible to find this existence in oneself only by means of the Other. By alienating a person's abilities and capabilities, the other makes self-reflection possible - the person (I) finds these states and tries to objectify them again. Objectification, the appropriation of a person's own capabilities and abilities is empirically carried out by the relation of bodies. The body of the other, allowing the man to open his body, organizes the world in a certain order. Therefore, Sartre's body, both mine and the body of the other, is the value of meaning. Conclusions. These studies laid the foundation for the tradition of analyzing the phenomenon of the Other, which has become central to the postmodern tradition. The paper reveals the features of the influence of the above ideas on the socio-cultural space, in particular on the example of the problem of identity and the theory of the Other.

scholarly journals Security system of an electric motorcycle based on Gsm & Zigbee communication

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.8) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Arkoalo Palchaudhuri ◽  
C T Manimegalai
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Security System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Wheeler

The time has come that people need to think about saving fuel seriously because burning too much of fuel can cause a large number of environmental pollutions. The concept of making the battery operated electric vehicle comes as a rescue. In one hand it helps to save fuels and on the other it helps in lowering the level of air pollution; which helps in improving the health condition of the populace. Even though several automobile manufacturers have introduced Hybrid Vehicles (hybrid vehicles generally utilize a traditional combustion engine and a fuel tank, as well as one or more electric motors and a battery pack).This paper is going to propose an electric motorcycle security system based on ARM microcontroller, 8051 microcontroller, ZigBee and GSM communication which can be utilized both in Hybrid motorcycles and Electric motorcycles. When the proposed security features will be merged with those vehicles it will be an evolutionary concept in the world of next generation two-wheeler industry because besides lowering the level of air pollution and helping in controlling the use of fuel it mainly helps people to drive motorcycles safely.

scholarly journals Migracje zagraniczne w krajach Unii Europejskiej w warunkach kryzysu gospodarczego

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Dariusz Nowotnik
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Immigration And Emigration ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Eastern European Countries

Migration, or the movement of population, aimed at temporary or permanent change of residence (PWN) and has always accompanied the mankind. There are various reasons for migration, mainly economic and political. Sometimes the population moves to experience other cultures and countries (tourism – migration). The intensity of migration movement and its direction reflects the economic status, stage of development, and social conditions in these areas. Countries which are attractive to tourists and have a good tourist base are characterized by a well-developed economy and low unemployment, as well as an attractive geographical location which makes them the most desirable places for migration. On the other hand, countries which are still passing the structural changes in the national economy, having a non-oriented domestic and foreign policy, faced with demographic problems and unemployment, located in very attractive geographic areas, are the countries attracting the immigrants. Such dependence can be seen between the countries of Western and Central Europe and Eastern European countries. The change of some factors, or destabilization of the overall situation in the world (as it happened in 2007 as a result of the global economic crisis) causes the profound changes in migration flows and hence the need to change the approach to immigration by individual countries. However, migration (depending on its type) can cause gains or losses for the immigration and emigration countries as the changing global economic situation is becoming increasingly important.

Indonesian Literature’s Position in World Literature

TEKNOSASTIK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dina Amelia
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Western World ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Voice

There are two most inevitable issues on national literature, in this case Indonesian literature. First is the translation and the second is the standard of world literature. Can one speak for the other as a representative? Why is this representation matter? Does translation embody the voice of the represented? Without translation Indonesian literature cannot gain its recognition in world literature, yet, translation conveys the voice of other. In the case of production, publication, or distribution of Indonesian Literature to the world, translation works can be very beneficial. The position of Indonesian literature is as a part of world literature. The concept that the Western world should be the one who represent the subaltern can be overcome as long as the subaltern performs as the active speaker. If the subaltern remains silent then it means it allows the “representation” by the Western.

Experiment role in the world music (based on the «The Road» album of the Ukrainian «Dakha Brakha» band)

2018 ◽  
pp. 215-227
Author(s):  
Iia Fedorova
Keyword(s):  
Folk Music ◽  
World Music ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern Music ◽  
Musical Practice ◽  
The Road ◽  
Music Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
Binary Oppositions ◽  
Musical Practices

The main objective of this study is the substantiation of experiment as one of the key features of the world music in Ukraine. Based on the creative works of the brightest world music representatives in Ukraine, «Dakha Brakha» band, the experiment is regarded as a kind of creative setting. Methodology and scientific approaches. The methodology was based on the music practice theory by T. Cherednychenko. The author distinguishes four binary oppositions, which can describe the musical practice. According to one of these oppositions («observance of the canon or violation of the canon»), the musical practices, to which the Ukrainian musicology usually classifies the world music («folk music» and «minstrel music»), are compared with the creative work of «Dakha Brakha» band. Study findings. A lack of the setting to experiment in the musical practices of the «folk music» and «minstrel music» separates the world music musical practice from them. Therefore, the world music is a separate type of musical practice in which the experiment is crucial. The study analyzed several scientific articles of Ukrainian musicologists on the world music; examined the history of the Ukrainian «Dakha Brakha» band; presented a list of the folk songs used in the fifth album «The Road» by «Dakha Brakha» band; and showed the degree of the source transformation by musicians based on the example of the «Monk» song. The study findings can be used to form a comprehensive understanding of the world music musical practice. The further studies may be related to clarification of the other parameters of the world music musical practice, and to determination of the experiment role in creative works of the other world music representatives, both Ukrainian and foreign. The practical study value is the ability to use its key provisions in the course of modern music in higher artistic schools of Ukraine. Originality / value. So far, the Ukrainian musicology did not consider the experiment role as the key one in the world music.

Does Literature Matter Today? Thoughts of the Outside

CounterText ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-113
Author(s):  
Shaobo Xie
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Lost Cause ◽  
Western Tradition ◽  
The World

The paper celebrates the publication of Ranjan Ghosh and J. Hillis Miller's Thinking Literature across Continents as a significant event in the age of neoliberalism. It argues that, in spite of the different premises and the resulting interpretative procedures respectively championed by the two co-authors, both of them anchor their readings of literary texts in a concept of literature that is diametrically opposed to neoliberal rationality, and both impassionedly safeguard human values and experiences that resist the technologisation and marketisation of the humanities and aesthetic education. While Ghosh's readings of literature offer lightning flashes of thought from the outside of the Western tradition, signalling a new culture of reading as well as a new manner of appreciation of the other, Miller dedicatedly speaks and thinks against the hegemony of neoliberal reason, opening our eyes to the kind of change our teaching or reading of literature can trigger in the world, and the role aesthetic education should and can play at a time when the humanities are considered ‘a lost cause’.

Simone de Beauvoir's Philosophy of Individuation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hengehold
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simone De Beauvoir ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World

Most studies of Simone de Beauvoir situate her with respect to Hegel and the tradition of 20th-century phenomenology begun by Husserl, Heidegger, and Merleau-Ponty. This book analyzes The Second Sex in light of the concepts of becoming, problematization, and the Other found in Gilles Deleuze. Reading Beauvoir through a Deleuzian lens allows more emphasis to be placed on Beauvoir's early interest in Bergson and Leibniz, and on the individuation of consciousness, a puzzle of continuing interest to both phenomenologists and Deleuzians. By engaging with the philosophical issues in her novels and student diaries, this book rethinks Beauvoir’s focus on recognition in The Second Sex in terms of women’s struggle to individuate themselves despite sexist forms of representation. It shows how specific forms of women’s “lived experience” can be understood as the result of habits conforming to and resisting this sexist “sense.” Later feminists put forward important criticisms regarding Beauvoir’s claims not to be a philosopher, as well as the value of sexual difference and the supposedly Eurocentric universalism of her thought. Deleuzians, on the other hand, might well object to her ideas about recognition. This book attempts to address those criticisms, while challenging the historicist assumptions behind many efforts to establish Beauvoir’s significance as a philosopher and feminist thinker. As a result, readers can establish a productive relationship between Beauvoir’s “problems” and those of women around the world who read her work under very different circumstances.

Modernism, Empiricism, and Rationalism

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Squires
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
Irish Poetry ◽  
Dimensional Spectrum ◽  
Culture History ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rule Out

Modernism is usually defined historically as the composite movement at the beginning of the twentieth century which led to a radical break with what had gone before in literature and the other arts. Given the problems of the continuing use of the concept to cover subsequent writing, this essay proposes an alternative, philosophical perspective which explores the impact of rationalism (what we bring to the world) on the prevailing empiricism (what we take from the world) of modern poetry, which leads to a concern with consciousness rather than experience. This in turn involves a re-conceptualisation of the lyric or narrative I, of language itself as a phenomenon, and of other poetic themes such as nature, culture, history, and art. Against the background of the dominant empiricism of modern Irish poetry as presented in Crotty's anthology, the essay explores these ideas in terms of a small number of poets who may be considered modernist in various ways. This does not rule out modernist elements in some other poets and the initial distinction between a poetics of experience and one of consciousness is better seen as a multi-dimensional spectrum that requires further, more detailed analysis than is possible here.

The World after the End of the World

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kas Saghafi
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
End Of The World

In several late texts, Derrida meditated on Paul Celan's poem ‘Grosse, Glühende Wölbung’, in which the departure of the world is announced. Delving into the ‘origin’ and ‘history’ of the ‘conception’ of the world, this paper suggests that, for Derrida, the end of the world is determined by and from death—the death of the other. The death of the other marks, each and every time, the absolute end of the world.

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