Construction of a bioactive surface with micro/nano-topography on titanium alloy by micro-milling and alkali-hydrothermal treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 230 (12) ◽  
pp. 1086-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teng Wang ◽  
Yi Wan ◽  
Zhaojun Kou ◽  
Yukui Cai ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Structured Surface

The surface topography and wettability are important factors that determine the biocompatibility of biomaterials. In this article, the hierarchical micro/nano-topography of titanium alloy surface was fabricated by micro-milling and alkali-hydrothermal reaction. The surface topography and chemical composition of treated surfaces were characterized using laser scanning microscope and scanning electron microscope. The contact angles of surfaces with different micro/nano-topographies were measured by contact angle tester. MC3T3s morphology and osteocalcin productions were characterized to investigate the influence of surface modification on implants’ biocompatibility. The results show that hydrophilicity of micro-structured surface decreased compared to the untextured surface and contact angle values decreased with the increase in micro-groove spacing in small increments. In addition, the surfaces treated with alkali-hydrothermal reaction displayed strong hydrophilicity and the surface energy increased by 40 nJ/cm2 approximately. In vitro tests indicated that micro/nano-structured surface improved the adhesion, spreading, and differentiation of MC3T3s.

scholarly journals Preparation of Superhydrophobic Surface on Titanium Alloy via Micro-Milling, Anodic Oxidation and Fluorination

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhang ◽  
Yi Wan ◽  
Bing Ren ◽  
Hongwei Wang ◽  
Mingzhi Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Anodic Oxidation ◽  
Superhydrophobic Surface ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Contact Angle Hysteresis ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Micro Milling

The superhydrophobic surface has a great advantage of self-cleaning, inhibiting bacterial adhesion, and enhancing anticoagulant properties in the field of biomedical materials. In this paper, a superhydrophobic surface was successfully prepared on titanium alloy via high-speed micro-milling, anodic oxidation and fluoroalkylsilane modification. The surface morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscope and a laser scanning microscope. The surface wettability was investigated through the sessile-drop method. Firstly, regular microgrooves were constructed by micro-milling. Then, nanotube arrays were fabricated by anodic oxidation. Afterwards, fluoroalkylsilane was used to self-assemble a monolayer on the surface with a composite micro/nanostructure. Compared to polished titanium samples, the modified samples exhibited superhydrophobic properties with the water contact angle (CA) of 153.7° and the contact angle hysteresis of 2.1°. The proposed method will provide a new idea for the construction of superhydrophobic titanium surgical instruments and implants in the future.

In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Silver-Containing Hydroxyapatite Coatings

2009 ◽  
Vol 620-622 ◽  
pp. 567-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Kai Chen ◽  
Xue Bin Zheng ◽  
Baoe Li ◽  
You Tao Xie ◽  
Chuan Xian Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Coating ◽  
Vacuum Plasma Spraying ◽  
Vacuum Plasma ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Coatings ◽  
Spraying Method

In this paper, antibacterial silver-containing hydroxyapatite coating was prepared by vacuum plasma spraying method and osteoblasts were seeded onto the surface of the coating to evaluate its cytocompatibility. The results indicated that the cells proliferated well on the samples, and the proliferation rate on the silver-containing hydroxyapatite coating was a little bit higher than that on the silver-free hydroxyapatite coating. The contact angle of water drop on the coating was measured, and it was found that the contact angles of the silver-containing hydroxyapatite coatings were smaller than the hydroxyapatite coating. The improvement of hydrophilicity for the silver-containing hydroxyapatite coating could be beneficial to the cells proliferation on its surface. It can be concluded that the addition of silver in the hydroxyapatite coating endowed the coating with antibacterial property while maintaining its excellent cytocompatibility.

scholarly journals Influence of Dentin Priming with Tannin-Rich Plant Extracts on the Longevity of Bonded Composite Restorations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mackeler Ramos Polassi ◽  
Thales de Sá Oliveira ◽  
Ana Calheiros de Carvalho ◽  
Lívia Soman de Medeiros Medeiros ◽  
Thiago André Moura Veiga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dentin Surface ◽  
Rhus Chinensis

Objective. This in vitro study evaluated the influence of bioactive plant extracts as dentin biomodifying agents to improve the longevity of bonded restorations. For that, plant extracts were applied to the dentin surface prior to the adhesive system. Materials and Methods. Bovine incisors were ground flat to obtain 2 mm thick slices in which conical preparations were made (N = 10). Tannin-containing plant extracts were applied to dentin before the application of the restorative system, as follows: control group (untreated, CTL), chlorhexidine 0.12% (CHX), mastruz (Dysphania ambrosioides, MTZ), cat’s claw (Uncaria tomentosa, CTC), guarana (Paullinia cupana, GUA), galla chinensis (Rhus chinensis, GCH), and tannic acid (extracted from Acacia decurrens, TNA). The push-out bond strength test was conducted (0.5 mm/min). Dentin biomodification was assessed by the modulus of elasticity and mass change in bovine tooth sections (0.5 × 1.7 × 7.0 mm). The dentin staining after extract treatments of dentin slices was compared. The dentin surface wettability was also evaluated by means of the contact angles of the adhesive system with the dentin surface and compared with the untreated control group. Data were subjected to ANOVA/Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Results. The bond strength of the restoratives to dentin was not significantly improved by the plant extracts, irrespective of the evaluation time ( p > 0.05 ). Except for TNA, the elastic modulus of demineralized dentin significantly reduced after treatment with the plant extracts ( p < 0.05 ). The dentin staining correlated with the tannin content of the extracts. The contact angle was significantly reduced when treated with CTC, GCH, and TNA. Conclusions. The tannin-containing extracts had a questionable effect on the longevity of bonded restorations. The dentin modulus was negatively affected by the extract treatments. Although some of the extracts changed the contact angle, which seems to improve the adhesive monomer permeation, the tannin-rich plant extract application prior to adhesive application was proven to be clinically unfeasible due to dentin staining.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus Aureus Biofilm Evolution and Povidone-Iodine (PVP-I) Treatment Efficacy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
mingli chen ◽  
Zhi-da Chen ◽  
Qing-quan Wu ◽  
Li-lin Dai ◽  
Jin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Iodine Treatment ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to observe the evolution changes of staphylococcus aureus biofilm on the surface of titanium alloy and evaluate bacterial changes of these biofilm after 0.5%g/L povidone–iodine treatment through the in vitro experiment. We have done research on this to provide some clinical guidance. Methods First, each period of 7days, 14days, 21days and 28days staphylococcus aureus biofilm models were established on the surfaces of titanium alloy and the biofilm morphology were detected by the confocal laser scanning microscope and scanning electron microscope. Then, morphological structure and the effect of 0.5%g/L povidone–iodine were further evaluated by viable count method after These biofilm were soak in the0.5%g/L povidone–iodine for5 min and 10 min respectively. Results 1. the extracellular polymer of biofilm was increasing with the Among them, the most obvious change and maturity occurred at the 21days and 28days respectively. With the process of biofilm maturation, the number of bacteria was decreased but the bacteria close to 90,000 and there was no significant difference (P>0.05). 2. The effect of 0.5%g/L povidone–iodine sterilization was significant,0.5%g/L povidone–iodine sterilization ten minutes group was better than PBS group(no intervention group) (P<0.05),0.5%g/L povidone–iodine sterilization five minutes was better than PBS group too (P<0.05). However, with the maturation of the biofilm, but not maturity 0.5%g/L povidone–iodine sterilization effect weakened but the 21days0.5%g/L povidone–iodine sterilization ten minutes was better than five minutes(P<0.05).there was no significant difference in maturity(P>0.05). Conclusion 1. The maturation of the biofilm is bacteria and outside then formation of extracellular polymeric substance and they formation micro environment together and the 21days is the time critical point for distinguishing young biofilm and mature biofilm, the most difference of which is the extracellular polymers and micro-environment.2. Early Implant related biofilm 0.5%g/L povidone–iodine treatment for 10 min is better than 5 min, but there is no extension meaning of static after maturity. So for early clinical implant related infections0.5%g/L povidone–iodine sterilization 10 min is accepted.

scholarly journals Impact of catheter contact angle on lesion formation and durability of pulmonary vein isolation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Ohta ◽  
Kentaro Hayashi ◽  
Hiroyuki Sato ◽  
Takahiro Noto ◽  
Kandoh Kawahatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Pulmonary Vein Isolation ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Lesion Formation ◽  
Vitro Experiment ◽  
In Vitro Experiment

Introduction Little is known on the effect of catheter contact angle on lesion formation and durability of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Methods Both in vitro experiment and retrospective observational study were conducted. For in vitro experiment, radiofrequency lesions were created on explanted swine hearts in three different catheter contact angles (0°, 45°, and 90°). In the retrospective observational study, we assessed patients who had undergone repeat catheter ablation due to atrial fibrillation recurrence after initial PVI. When pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection was observed, we analyzed the previous ablation points within and without the gap area. The gap areas were defined where ablation had changed the PV activation sequence or eliminated the PV potential in the repeat session. Results In the in vitro experiment, lesion width was the smallest (5.3 ± 0.4 mm) in perpendicular contact compared to 0° (vs 5.8 ± 0.5 mm, p=0.040) and 45° (vs 6.4 ± 0.4 mm, p<0.001). In the retrospective observational study, we assessed 666 tags of 16 patients with PV reconnections, and 60 tags were in the gap area. Tags in the gap area had longer interlesion distance (odds ratio [OR] 1.49, p < 0.001), greater contact force variability (OR 1.03, p = 0.008), and higher rate of perpendicular contact (OR 3.26, p < 0.001) on multivariate analysis. Conclusion Perpendicular contact was associated with a smaller lesion and higher rate of PV reconnection.

scholarly journals Laser Surface Modification of Powder Metallurgy-Processed Ti-Graphite Composite Which Can Enhance Cells’ Osteo-Differentiation

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6067
Author(s):  
Peter Šugár ◽  
Barbora Ludrovcová ◽  
Marie Hubálek Kalbáčová ◽  
Jana Šugárová ◽  
Martin Sahul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Distribution Curve ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Nanosecond Laser ◽  
Graphite Composite ◽  
X Ray

The paper examines the surface functionalization of a new type of Ti-graphite composite, a dental biomaterial prepared by vacuum low-temperature extrusion of hydrogenated-dehydrogenated titanium powder mixed with graphite flakes. Two experimental surfaces were prepared by laser micromachining applying different levels of incident energy of the fiber nanosecond laser working at 1064 nm wavelength. The surface integrity of the machined surfaces was evaluated, including surface roughness parameters measurement by contact profilometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The chemical and phase composition were comprehensively evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. Finally, the in vitro tests using human mesenchymal stem cells were conducted to compare the influence of the laser processing parameters used on the cell’s cultivation and osteo-differentiation. The bioactivity results confirmed that the surface profile with positive kurtosis, platykurtic distribution curve and higher value of peaks spacing exhibited better bioactivity compared to the surface profile with negative kurtosis coefficient, leptokurtic distribution curve and lower peaks spacing.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Biocompatibility Studies of a Cast and Coated Titanium Alloy

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 3399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Sommer ◽  
Stephan Laurich ◽  
Lucie de Azevedo ◽  
Katharina Viehoff ◽  
Sabine Wenisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Significant Difference

The biocompatibility of a cast porous and with a calcium titanate reaction layer functionalized titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-7Nb) was tested by means of cell culture, and a small (rat) and large animal (sheep) model. The uncoated titanium material served as a control. In-vitro tests included the validation of osteoblast-like cells attached to the surface of the material with scanning electron microscopy and immunofluorescence of cytoskeletal actin as well as their osteogenic development, the ability to mineralize, and their vitality. Following the in-vitro tests a small animal (rat) and big animal (sheep) model were accomplished by inserting a cylindrical titanium implant into a drill hole defect in the femoral condyle. After 7, 14, and 30 days (rat) and 6 months (sheep) the condyles were studied regarding histological and histomorphometrical characteristics. Uncoated and coated material showed a good biocompatibility both in cell culture and animal models. While the defect area in the rat is well consolidated after 30 days, the sheep show only little bone inside the implant after 6 months, possibly due to stress shielding. None of the executed methods indicated a statistically significant difference between coated and uncoated material.

scholarly journals Superhydrophobic Surface Preparation and Wettability Transition of Titanium Alloy with Micro/Nano Hierarchical Texture

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiru Yang ◽  
Chongchong Zhu ◽  
Nan Zheng ◽  
Dezheng Le ◽  
Jianzhong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Superhydrophobic Surface ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Surface Wettability ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Low Temperature Annealing

Microstructures are applied to various hydrophobic/hydrophilic surfaces due to the role of adjusting the surface wettability. In this paper, a 1064 nm pulsed picosecond laser was applied to prepare a micro/nano hierarchical structure on the surface of the titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V). The microstructures consist of dimple arrays with various diameters, depths, and areal densities. They are obtained by controlling the pulse energy and the number of pulses. The nanostructures are periodic ripples, which are defined as laser-induced periodic surface structure (LIPSS), and the dimensional parameter of LIPSS can be adjusted by changing the laser energy density and scanning speed. The contact angles of various laser textured surfaces were measured. It is found that the contact angle increases with the density of micro-textured surface increases, and the wetting state of textured surfaces conforms to the Cassie model. Some laser processed samples were subjected to low-temperature annealing treatment. It is observed that the low-temperature annealing process can accelerate the surface wettability transition significantly, which is attributed to the change of the hydroxyl groups on the surface. Finally, a superhydrophobic surface with the maximum contact angle of 144.58° is obtained.

scholarly journals Inflammatory cytokine release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to polyetheretherketone and titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sargon Barkarmo ◽  
Anna-Karin Östberg ◽  
Carina Birgitta Johansson ◽  
Sebastian Franco-Tabares ◽  
Petra Hammarström Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

Objective To investigate the cytokine expression profiles of blood cells exposed to polyetheretherketone and titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium materials in vitro. Materials and methods Coin-shaped samples composed of titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium, polyetheretherketone, and blasted polyetheretherketone were manufactured. The surfaces of the coins were characterized using optical interferometry, scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle measurements. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from 10 blood donors were cultured for one, three, and six days in the presence or absence of the coins, and then assayed for cytokine production. Quantification of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells attached to the coins was performed using confocal microscopy after immunofluorescence staining. Results The machined titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium coins had a smoother surface topography compared to the machined polyetheretherketone and blasted polyetheretherketone. The highest mean contact angle was noted for the blasted polyetheretherketone, followed by the machined polyetheretherketone and titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells produced significantly more proinflammatory cytokines when exposed to the polyetheretherketone surface compared to the titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium surface, while the blasted polyetheretherketone induced the highest level of proinflammatory cytokine release from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Significantly more cells attached to both polyetheretherketone surfaces, as compared to the titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium surface. Conclusion Polyetheretherketone induces a stronger inflammatory response from peripheral blood mononuclear cells than does titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium. Surface topography has an impact on cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

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