Why are Chinese ethics declining?

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 438-453
Author(s):  
Di Shang ◽  
Guanchu Liu ◽  
Shixiong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Communist Society ◽  
Monitoring And Enforcement ◽  
Chinese Ethics ◽  
Individual Ethics ◽  
Spontaneous Evolution

Disorder seems inevitable when a social system changes. The Soviet Union’s collapse provided a recent example, and China is now providing a new example. During China’s transformation from a communist society with a centrally planned economy to a market-based socialist society, “ethical decline” has become an increasingly serious issue, and one that has high social and economic costs. Historical experience from many cultures shows that this ethical decline is not inherent to Chinese culture. Chinese ethics are being compromised by partnerships between government officials and businessmen who benefit at the expense of society because of a lack of monitoring of such relationships during China’s radical institutional change. This growing problem poses serious risks to China’s social stability and economic development. To solve the problem, it will be necessary to establish a sound legal framework and more effective monitoring and enforcement, rather than hoping for spontaneous evolution of stronger individual ethics.

scholarly journals The Adequacy of Existing Support Systems in Addressing the Issue of Teenage Pregnancies in Malaysia: A Legal Response

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-150
Author(s):  
Aishah Mohd Nor ◽  
Najibah Mohd Zin ◽  
Roslina Che Soh
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Integrated Services ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Social Activist ◽  
Specific Policy ◽  
Legal Response ◽  
Monitoring And Enforcement ◽  
The Government ◽  
Laws And Policies

This article examines the adequacy of the current support systems in addressing the issue of teenage pregnancies in Malaysia. This study was conducted primarily through a doctrinal study of existing literature such as articles, journals and reports related to the current issues encountered by the pregnant teenagers. There is also a non-doctrinal method carried out whereby the researchers had conducted fieldwork interviews with the government department, non-government organisations (NGOs) and social activist on the efforts done in addressing the problem. Due to the lack of a specific policy on teenage pregnancies in Malaysia, there have been concerns on issues related to the rights of these teenagers to education during pregnancy; criminal issues on abortion, infanticide and child sexual grooming; child marriages and the lack of support from parents, family members and the society for care, motivation, healthcare and preparation for motherhood among these teenagers. The findings establish the current support system is inadequate to meet the contemporary needs of pregnant teenagers. It is suggested that a comprehensive legal framework for teenage pregnancies in Malaysia needs to be put in place. These can include legislating necessary laws and policies, which can be more effective through integrated services and proper monitoring and enforcement in order to meet the current needs of the targeted group.

How Arbitrary Was Tsarist Administrative Justice? The Case of the Zemstvos Petitions to the Imperial Ruling Senate, 1866–1916

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-43
Author(s):  
Natasha Assa
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Administrative Litigation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Power ◽  
The Right ◽  
Administrative Justice

One of the key principles of the modern legal state (Rechtsstaat) is the right of all citizens to seek judicial protection against unlawful acts of government officials. It stems from the fundamental principle of the rule of law that asserts that all citizens, including state officials, are equal before the law and have the right to a fair trial. Within this legal framework a distinct field of law, “administrative justice,” governs public litigation against state officials. Its domain of jurisdiction reflects complex philosophical and legal distinctions between the public and private spheres in the modern state. As legal scholars and philosophers continuously redefine the boundary between the public and private spheres, the prerogatives of government officials over the rights of private citizens continue to evolve. The key questions in the debate are as follows. Should the state guarantee an undisputed precedence of citizens’ rights over administration or should it protect its officials from widespread litigation and therefore grant them a certain degree of immunity? Should ordinary courts and laws decide disputes between government officials and private individuals, or should the state provide separate norms, judges, and procedures for administrative litigation? Should punishment for misuse of administrative power be equal to that of the breach of civil or criminal laws? Who and to what extent should be made liable for any damages incurred through misuse of administrative power?

Atrocity Speech Law

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory S. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
Mass Atrocity ◽  
The Individual

Hate speech is widely considered a precondition for mass atrocity. Since World War II a large body of case law has interpreted the key offenses criminalizing such discourse: (1) incitement to genocide; and (2) persecution as a crime against humanity. But the law has developed in a fragmented manner. Surprisingly, no volume has furnished a comprehensive analysis of the entire jurisprudential output and the relation of each of its parts to one another and to the whole. Atrocity Speech Law fills this gap and provides needed perspective for courts, government officials, and scholars. Part 1, “Foundation,” explores the historical relationship between speech and atrocity and the foundations of the current legal framework. Part 2, “Fragmentation,” details the discrepancies and deficiencies within that framework. Part 3, “Fruition,” proposes fixes for the individual speech offenses and suggests a more comprehensive solution: a “Unified Liability Theory,” pursuant to which there would be four criminal modalities placed in one statutory provision and applying to genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes: (1) incitement; (2) speech abetting; (3) instigation; and (4) ordering. Apart from the issue of fragmentation, experts have failed to find an accurate designation for this body of law. “International Incitement Law” and “International Hate Speech Law,” two of the typical labels, do not capture the law’s breadth or its proper relationship to mass violence. So with a more holistic and accurate approach in mind, this book proposes a new name for the overall body of international rules and jurisprudence: “atrocity speech law.”

Islamic Theology in Muslim Chinese Writings: Qingzhen Shiyi of Jin Tianzhu as an Example; Teologi Islam dalam Karya-Karya Cina Islam: Qingzhen Shiyi karya hasil Jin Tianzhu sebagai salah satu contoh

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Ma Zhan ming
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Muslim Scholar ◽  
Chinese Muslims ◽  
Charity Work

Abstract Qingzhen Shiyi is an Islamic theology work in Chinese language authored by an eighteenth century Chinese Muslim scholar known as Jin Tianzhu. The main reason for writing this book was twofold: (2) removing suspicion from the then Chinese government officials' minds that Muslms' behavior was against the Chinese culture and practices, and (2) letting Chinese Muslims know the original teachings of Islam concerning their daily lives. This work appears to be theological cum jurisprudential because the author has discussed Islamic practices from these two angles. His arguments are to some extent apologetic because to justify the efficacy of Islamic rites and rituals the author has brought the views of Confucius. He has also been logical to explain why certain Muslim practices were highly appreciable. This paper aims at introducing that Chinese Muslim scholar and his work Qingzhen Shiyi, focusing mainly on Tianzhu's theological views on God, reward and punishment etc. and legal views on lawful and unlawful, celebration of Eid festival, charity work, wearing skullcap, ritual bath etc.

Historical prerequisites for the introduction of telemedicine technologies in the healthcare sector in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12-1) ◽  
pp. 218-225
Author(s):  
Amina Garaeva ◽  
Maksim Zaloilo ◽  
Ilia Poleshchuk ◽  
Nataliya Vlasova ◽  
Natalia Geraskina
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Innovative Technologies

The article analyzes the historical background of the formation of legal regulation of the use of telemedicine technologies in Russia. It is concluded that changes in the legal framework are preceded by a conceptual justification of the introduction of telemedicine technologies in strategic planning documents. The transition of states to the sixth technological order marks the widespread introduction of innovative technologies in various spheres of life, including healthcare, where the use of information and telecommunications technologies helps to reduce economic costs and ensure the availability and effectiveness of medical care provided remotely.

Fundamentals of Chinese Culture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Shuming
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Great Insight ◽  
Intellectual Journey ◽  
Liang Shuming ◽  
Common Misconceptions

Chinese culture, to readers of English, is somewhat veiled in mystery. Fundamentals of Chinese Culture, a classic of great insight and profundity by noted Chinese thinker, educator and social reformist Liang Shuming, takes readers on an intellectual journey into the five-thousand-year-old culture of China, the world’s oldest continuous civilization. With a set of "Chinese-style" cultural theories, the book well serves as a platform for Westerners' better understanding of the distinctive worldview of the Chinese people, who value family life and social stability, and for further mutual understanding and greater mutual consolidation among humanities scholars in different contexts, dismantling common misconceptions about China and bridging the gap between Chinese culture and Western culture. As a translation of Liang Shuming’s original text, this book pulls back the curtain to reveal to Westerners a highly complex and nuanced picture of a fascinating people.

Speech – Legal Issues in the War on Terrorism

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 735-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Bellinger
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
September 11Th ◽  
War On Terrorism ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Past ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
The Military ◽  
Ongoing Dialogue

During the past year, I have had an intensive and ongoing dialogue with European government officials about U.S. counterterrorism laws and policies, especially those relating to the detention, questioning, and transfer of members of al Qaida and the Taliban. During this same period, the U.S. legal framework governing the detention and treatment of detainees has evolved significantly, through the passage of the Detainee Treatment Act last December, the Supreme Court's decision in the Hamdan case in June, the transfer of 14 al Qaida leaders to Guantanamo in September, the announcement of new DOD detention policies in September, and the enactment of the Military Commissions Act earlier this month. It has been vexing that so many myths and misunderstandings about United States policies have proliferated. My dialogue with EU governments during the past year has helped to clear up some of these myths and to address issues that are troubling to Europeans. Tonight, I want to provide a comprehensive public explanation of our legal views and policy decisions with respect to the detention and treatment of terrorists, as these have evolved in the United States since September 11th.

scholarly journals Corruption and Productivity: Firm-level Evidence

2015 ◽  
Vol 235 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donato De Rosa ◽  
Nishaal Gooroochurn ◽  
Holger Görg
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Testing Effects ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Red Tape

Summary Using enterprise data for the economies of Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS, this study examines the effects of corruption on productivity. Corruption is narrowly defined as the occurrence of informal payments to government officials to ease the day-to-day operation of firms. The effects of this “bribe tax” on productivity are compared to the consequences of red tape, which may be understood as imposing a “time tax” on firms. When testing effects in the full sample, only the bribe tax appears to have a negative impact on firm-level productivity, while the effect of the time tax is insignificant. We also find that the surrounding environment influences the way in which firm behaviour affects firm performance. In particular, in countries where corruption is more prevalent and the legal framework is weaker, bribery is more harmful for firm-level productivity.

scholarly journals The Construction Industry in China: Its Bidding System and Use of Performance Information

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Zhang ◽  
Dongping Cao ◽  
Guangbin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Performance Information ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Bidding Price ◽  
The Status ◽  
Chinese Scholars ◽  
Bidding Mechanism

This paper describes the rapid development of China’s construction industry and especially its bidding system. After summarily depicting the history, scope, employees and contractors in China’s construction industry, the paper identifies that even after nearly thirty years’ development, the sector is still harassed by the problems of low productivity, unskilled employees, unsophisticated technologies, inadequate legal framework and flawed mechanism. This paper also points out that the status quo of performance information in China’s construction industry still leaves much to be desired, and that in order to merge into the global market, China has made much effort to introduce the competitive bidding mechanism and the method of evaluated lowest bidding price to the industry. Via picturing the course of using the method of evaluated lowest bidding price in China’s construction industry, the paper also characters why and how the performance information is used in the sector. At the end of the paper, it is pointed out that although some certain district has made some efforts to use performance information, most Chinese scholars and government officials are still convinced that the method of evaluated lowest bidding price does accord with the market-oriented trend and should certainly be widely adopted in the future.

scholarly journals Strategies of Native Culture Integration in College English Teaching Based on “Education of Chinese Ethics and Culture in All Courses”

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunmi Miyane
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Cultural Consciousness ◽  
College English ◽  
English Teaching ◽  
English Expression ◽  
Evaluation Mechanism ◽  
Chinese Ethics

Language is one of the carriers of culture. Language teaching cannot be divorced from cultural teaching. As an important compulsory course of general education in university, college English has long largely ignored the teaching of native language nature, which affects students’ cultural consciousness and confidence. The aphasia of Chinese culture in inter-cultural communication has caused wide concerns and worries in the field of foreign language teaching. Based on the concept of education of Chinese ethics and culture in all courses, the first part of this paper introduces the basic idea of education of Chinese ethics and culture in college English teaching and the problem of aphasia of English expression for Chinese cultures which leads to the lack of cultural consciousness and confidence. Then in the second part, the paper deeply discusses and explores the reasons for Chinese culture aphasia in college English teaching from the perspectives of teaching syllabus, teachers and students, textbooks and teaching materials and assessment systems. The third part of the paper puts forward a series of efficient strategies from the aspects of teaching and learning ideas, teaching mode, curriculum setting and evaluation mechanism. Finally, conclusions and reflections that need further consideration and research are discussed in the fourth part of this paper.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document