Nurses’ adherence to ethical codes

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 794-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Momennasab ◽  
Afifeh Rahmanin Koshkaki ◽  
Camellia Torabizadeh ◽  
Seyed Ziaeddin Tabei
Keyword(s):  
Nurse Managers ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Study Data ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Ethical Codes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Method R

Background: Ethical codes are guidelines that orient nurses and ensure that their decisions are in accordance with the values of the professional system. These codes show that there is a connection among values, patients’ rights, and nurses’ duties. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the viewpoints of patients, nurses, and nurse managers regarding the extent to which clinical ethical codes are observed. Research design: In this descriptive–comparative study, data were collected using three questionnaires based on Iranian nurses’ ethical codes with a focus on clinical care. The reliability of the questionnaire was verified by test–retest method (r = 0.9). The patients were interviewed by the researcher, but nurses and managers completed the questionnaires themselves. After all, the data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software (v 15). Participants and research context: In all, 100 patients, 100 nurses, and 30 managers from internal and surgical wards of two major hospitals in Shiraz, Iran, participated in 2014. Ethical considerations: This research was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. All the participants signed written informed consents. Findings: According to the results, 70% of the patients, 86% of the nurses, and 53.3% of the nurse managers rated nurses’ adherence to ethical codes as satisfactory. The mean scores (standard deviation) of the level of adherence to ethical codes were 38.44 (6.91) in the patients, 41.08 (4.82) in the nurses, and 37.83 (6.98) in the nurse managers. The results of analysis of variance revealed a significant difference between the attitudes of the nurses and the other two groups (p = 0.001). Discussion: Nurses’ adherence to ethical codes was satisfactory in all three groups. Accordingly, our findings agree with the results of some national and international studies, although there are still controversies in this regard. Conclusion: Although the nurses rated their performance in certain fields more satisfactory compared to the patients and managers, all the three groups agreed that clinical ethical codes were properly observed in the internal and surgical wards. Nurses can improve the quality of care by considering the viewpoints of patients and managers about their ethical performance.

scholarly journals Comparison of Quality and Lifestyle in Women with and Without Uterine Leiomyoma Referred to Gynecology Clinics of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Zarshenas ◽  
Mozhgan Sorkhenezhad ◽  
Marzieh Akbarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Uterine leiomyomas are considered as a major source of complications and the most common cause of hysterectomy. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life in women with and without uterine leiomyoma referred to gynecology clinics of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 126 patients who referred to the clinics of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were selected and divided into equal groups according to uterine leiomyoma, 1 - 7 cm uterine leiomyoma group and non-uterine leiomyoma group by convenience sampling. The World Health Organization Quality of Life and Healthy Lifestyle questionnaires were used for data collection. Independent t-test was used to analyze the data. Results: The mean quality of life of women with uterine leiomyoma was 47.20 ± 12.41 and women without uterine leiomyoma had a significant difference (51.11 ± 11.23, t = 3.93, P = 0.041). The mean lifestyle of women with uterine leiomyoma was 114.18 ± 25.48 and women without uterine leiomyoma had 149.11 ± 23.81 (t = 4.01, P = 0.029). Conclusions: The mean score of quality of life and lifestyle were significantly different in women with and without uterine leiomyoma. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of life of women by improving their lifestyle and providing psychological counseling.

Ethical problems in nursing management

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 646-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Aitamaa ◽  
Helena Leino-Kilpi ◽  
Silja Iltanen ◽  
Riitta Suhonen
Keyword(s):  
Nurse Managers ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Nursing Management ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
New Information ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Organization Ethics

Background: Nurse managers have responsibilities relating to the quality of care, the welfare of the staff and running of the organization. Ethics plays significant role in these responsibilities. Ethical problems are part of daily management, but research in this area is limited. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify and describe ethical problems nurse managers encounter in their work to get more detailed and extensive view of these problems. Methods: The data consisted of nine interviews with nurse managers at different management levels in primary healthcare and specialized healthcare organizations, and it was analysed by inductive content analysis. Ethical considerations: Permission to conduct the interviews including ethical approval was given at all participating organizations according to national standards. The respondents were informed about the aim of the study, and voluntary participation, anonymous response and confidentiality were explained to them. Findings: Four main categories were found: conflicts in practical situations, lack of appreciation, disregard of problems and experienced inadequacy. Problems could also be divided to patient-related, staff-related, organization-related and other problems. Discussion: The findings correspond with results from earlier studies but add knowledge of the nature and details of nurse managers’ ethical problems. New information is produced related to the ethical problems with nurse managers’ own courage, motivation and values. Conclusion: Nurse managers identified a variety of different ethical problems in their work. This information is useful in the development of ethics in nursing management. Further research about the frequency and intensity of nurse managers’ ethical problems is needed as well as possible differences in different levels of management.

scholarly journals A comparison of leadership styles with respect to biographical characteristics

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Afshari ◽  
Zahra Moein ◽  
Farzad Afshari ◽  
Javad Sharifi-Rad ◽  
Abbas Balouchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Lower Education Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experience Education

Research purpose: Managers, when applying their leadership styles, are affected by some of their own traits. This article intends to compare the leadership styles of the managers of Zabol University of Medical Sciences with respect to Hersey and Blanchard model that was based on their biographical characteristics.Research design, approach and method: The research methodology is descriptive-causal and comparative. The data were collected from 300 individuals (124 female and 176 male participants).Main findings: No significant difference was observed between the directive, persuasive, participative and delegative leadership styles of male and female managers. However, there was a significant difference between the mean of the directive, persuasive, participative and delegative leadership styles of managers, considering their work experience, education level and field of study.Research limitations: The conservative atmosphere in university environments may affect the manager’s responses to the questionnaire; therefore, in the generalisation of the results, this issue should be taken into account.Practical implications: It is recommended to hold in-service courses for managers who have a lower education level or less work experience or have been graduated from the fields of study other than the Management major. It is also suggested to pay attention to the managers’ fields of study and managerial experiences at the time of employment.Contribution: This study enhances the quality of managers’ leadership style and consequently increases the productivity in university environments. 

scholarly journals Patients’ Concerns at Their Admission in Hospital and Its Related Factors in Kermanshah, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Soraya Siabani ◽  
Leila Solouki ◽  
Afshin Almasi ◽  
Sina Siabani ◽  
Motahareh Khaledi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Costs ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hospital Administrators ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: One of the critical factors affecting patients’ outcomes is their concerns about different issues during their admission to the hospital. Clarifying these concerns and providing appropriate approaches could improve the quality of care, result in better outcomes, and reduce treatment costs. The present study aimed to investigate patients’ concerns during hospitalization, and the likely related factors of the educational hospitals in Kermanshah, western Iran. Materials and Methods: This analytical-descriptive study included 600 adult patients selected via a multi-stage sampling method and admitted to all four educational hospitals affiliated to Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences )KUMS) in 2016. Required data were collected using a survey with 15 questions on demographic information, current disease, medical records, and a researcher-developed questionnaire on factors causing concern in the Likert scale. Results: Of 600 patients who participated in the survey, 336 (56%) were female and 486 )81%) were married. The most frequent concerns were the length of admission, failure in treatment or recovery, and hospital costs, respectively. The length of hospital stay, income, and level of education were significantly associated with the concern scores. Also, there was a significant difference between concern score distributions in groups with a definite diagnosis of illnesses (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggested a correlation between variables such as education, income, the final diagnosis of a sickness, and the concern level of admitted patients. Our findings could help managers and hospital administrators better understand the concerns of admitted patients and find solutions to remove them.

scholarly journals Factors that guide nurse managers regarding the staffing of agency nurses in intensive care units at private hospitals in Pretoria

Curationis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karien Jooste ◽  
Carine Prinsloo
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Nurse Managers ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Role Players ◽  
Agency Nurse ◽  
Staffing Needs

Staffing needs affect the nursing department’s budget, staff productivity, the quality of care provided to patients and even the retention of nurses. It is unclear how the role players (the nursing agency manager, the nurse manager and the agency nurse) perceive the staffing of agency nurses in intensive care units (ICUs). The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the factors that guide nurse managers regarding the staffing of agency nurses in ICUs at private hospitals in Pretoria. A quantitative exploratory and descriptive design was used. A survey by means of a structured questionnaire was carried out. Probability sampling was implemented to obtain a study sample (n = 124). One similar self-administered 5-point scale instrument was completed by the participants. Data was analysed by means of descriptive and inferential statistics. The principles of validity and reliability were adhered to and ethical considerations were also taken into account. The results indicated limitations in the determining of posts, recruitment and advertising, as well as the selection and appointment of agency nurses in ICUs at private hospitals in Pretoria. Recommendations on staffing are made to nurse managers in ICUs.

scholarly journals Cognitive Performance and Daily Life Activities Influenced By Sleeping Hours of Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maharishi R ◽  
Maya Rathnasabapathy
Keyword(s):  
Study Data ◽  
Study Habits ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Study Habit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Methods Of Learning ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
The Relationship

Background: One of the most basic methods of learning is acquired through study. Study habits and strategies applied to learning facilitate the process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the study habits of Medical and Paramedical Students in relation to their achievement. Methods: This investigation was a descriptive – cross sectional and correlational study.239 medical and paramedical students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences participated in this census study. Data were collected via study habit (PSSHI) questionnaire. The PSSHI scores were correlated to students’ performance. Results: The mean and standard deviation of study habits scores were 47.74 ± 9.84 and 50.78 ± 10.02 in paramedical and medical students respectively, showing a significant difference in study habits between two groups of the students (p≤0.05). The relationship between study habits and academic performance was also significant (r =0.25, n=91, R2=0.06, p<0.05). Conclusions: The study revealed a significant difference in study habits between medical and paramedical students which reflects the importance of good and planned study habits. In addition, considering the relationship between study habits and academic achievement and importance of medical education, the students should be trained to promote their study habits and strategies.

scholarly journals The Quality of Medical Consultations in a Teaching Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 392-398
Author(s):  
Sepideh Babaniamansour
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Medical Residents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medical Consultations

Background and objectives: Medical consultations became undeniable elements for the quality of health care and training of medical residence. This study aimed to assess the quality of performed consultations. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study at Shohadaye Tajrish hospital, affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, in Tehran, Iran between 20th April 2018 and 4th May 2019. The reported items and quality score of medical consultation requests and responses between emergency and non-emergency consultations and between the faculty members and medical residents were assessed by SPSS version 21.0. Results: Among 431 medical consultations, most were non-emergency, requested by residents, and responded to by faculty members. The quality of consultations requested (p < 0.001) or responded (p < 0.001) by faculty members was higher than by medical residents. Higher year residents performed higher quality consultation requests (p = 0.008) and responses (p < 0.001). The quality score of consultation requests (p = 0.51) and responses (p = 0.1) had no significant difference between types of consultation. Conclusion: Underreported items of consultation impressed its quality. Faculty members and higher-year residents performed higher quality consultations.

scholarly journals Exploring educational service quality and improvement priorities from the viewpoints of health sciences students using the SERVQUAL model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al-Rabia ◽  
Ismail Fasfous ◽  
Mohamed Eldigre ◽  
Ahmed Aldarmahi ◽  
Sami Alzahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Service ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gap Values

Abstract Background In higher education institutes, there are competitive and tussling environments to provide students with a high educational and service quality. Service quality is the key to meet or exceed student expectations. The quality of health systems, therefore; would be directly dependent on the quality of medical sciences education. In the current study, the modified SERVQUAL model was applied to assess the quality of the educational service provided at King Abdulaziz University (KAU) in Saudi Arabia. Methods This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study that was conducted within the Faculties of Medicine, Applied Medical Sciences, Dentistry, and Pharmacy. Through applying the modified SERVQUAL model, the gap between students' perceptions and expectations was calculated and correlated with other demographic data. The ratio of students’ perception to their expectation was calculated as a probe of student satisfaction in the current educational services to enable prioritizing items for improvement. Results The response rate was 89% (n = 266). Out of the 266 participants, 87% were females and 13% were males. Comparisons between the gap values of male and female students showed a significant difference in the assurance and responsiveness dimensions of the educational service quality at KAU. The results showed that all items have negative gap values (except item 24). The findings showed a significant difference of students’ opinion in SERVQUAL dimensions among different Faculties except in empathy. Conclusion The findings of this study showed that all dimensions were not up to the expectations of students. Reliability dimension and its items should be given the highest priority for improvement based on gap, ratio, and service improved matrix. The findings of this study will be very useful for the higher management to design the University Strategic Plan with well-defined direction and priorities for the improvement processes based on SERVQUAL outcomes.

scholarly journals A study on assessment of knowledge towards family planning practices among the couples of reproductive age group in the field practice area of Prathima institute of medical sciences, Karimnagar

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3740
Author(s):  
Dasari Gayathry ◽  
B. V. Ramana ◽  
Vishweshwar Rao
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Background Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Permanent Contraception

Background: Population explosion is a major problem in developing country like India. Contraception is important for the health of the nation. Hence the present study aimed at elucidating knowledge of the couples towards contraception. Methods: A cross - sectional study was conducted during February 2013-January 2014 among the couples residing in the field practice study areas. A semi-structured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge towards various methods of family planning was administered to 406 couples of the study area. Results: It has been observed that female scored higher than males, however there was no statistically significant difference between the overall knowledge scores (18.67±7.798 vs. 18.41±7.177). In general, the highest knowledge was obtained in the domain of permanent contraception followed by temporary methods like condom and IUDs. The least knowledge scores were obtained in the domain of emergency contraceptives and natural methods of contraception. Urban population’s over all mean knowledge scores was 22.60±6.673 compared with rural population 14.48±5.898 and was statistically significant (p=0.036). However, the marked difference in knowledge scores was obtained in the context of gender and place of residence. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that the average knowledge among males and females and in urban and rural area, but some knowledge gaps on certain specific aspects still remained which needs to be addressed to improve the quality of life of people. 

scholarly journals Students’ Perception Towards Flipped Classroom Approach in The Islamic And Asian Civilisation Studies (Titas)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Rafa Nurafida Binti Abdul Rahim ◽  
Mohammad Ali Al-Saggaf
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Flipped Classroom ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Classroom Implementation ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Significant Difference

Flipped classroom is an active, student-centered approach that has been developed to enhance the quality of time in the classroom. This study investigates the perceptions of third year Bachelor in Teaching English as a Second Language (BTESL) and Bachelor in Accounting (BIA) students in a Higher Education Institute, Malaysia. It aims to examine the students’ perceptions towards the use of flipped classroom approach in Islamic Civilisation and Asian Civilisation subject (TITAS) and to identify whether there is any significant difference between the perceptions of two groups of students with different educational backgrounds. This study involves 124 respondents consisting of 82 (66.1%) third year BTESL students and 42 (33.9%) BIA third year students. It adopted a quantitative research design using a survey method for data collection. The questionnaire was adapted from previous studies as the instrument for this study. Data were analysed through SPSS software and were interpreted through descriptive analysis and an Independent sample T-test. The findings show the majority of BTESL and BIA students perceived the usefulness of flipped classroom implementation in TITAS class positively. However, the study findings also revealed that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of BTESL and BIA students. Consequently, the outcomes were inferred that students perceived flipped classroom approach in TITAS class to be useful and there is no significant difference between the perceptions of the two groups of students with different educational backgrounds.

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