scholarly journals Showing Legitimacy: The Strategic Employment of Visuals in the Legitimation of New Organizations

2021 ◽  
pp. 105649262110507
Author(s):  
Fernando Pinto Santos
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Conceptual Level ◽  
Visual Mode ◽  
Verbal Language ◽  
Digital Documents ◽  
Communication Modes ◽  
Online Environments

Entrepreneurs commonly engage in discursive activities to pursue the legitimacy of their new organizations. Previous studies on this pursuit have essentially been focused on verbal language and there is limited understanding of how other communication modes, such as the visual, offer specific potentials for influencing legitimation audiences. With the contemporary pervasiveness of digital documents and online environments that often employ the visual mode, this gap has become more relevant. To address it, this study is guided by the following research question: how do entrepreneurs use the visual mode of communication to legitimize their new ventures? Building on the case of a new organization, this study shows that specific features of the visual mode of communication are especially well suited to sustaining legitimation in particular ways. While previous research has mostly remained on a conceptual level, this study empirically advances the understanding of visual discursive legitimation.

scholarly journals How business accelerators foster startups’ dynamic capabilities: a case study

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-44
Author(s):  
Celia Polo García-Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Research Question ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities Perspective

Objective: This study explores how business accelerators programs can impact on the successful growth of their accelerated start-ups based on the dynamic capabilities’ perspective. The author investigates business accelerators practices and tools in supporting new ventures development with the aim of addressing the following research question: To what extend can start-ups benefit from participating in an accelerator program from the dynamic capabilities’ perspective? Methodology: Given the lack of literature on business acceleration practices and on how them influences a start-up’s dynamic capabilities generation, the authors conducted an exploratory case study in a Spanish business accelerator. Results: The business accelerator provide startups with a mix of services embedded in specific practices and tools resulting in the generation of the dynamic capabilities of sensing the market, absorption, integration, and innovation in its startups. Limitations: This study focuses on a single case study resulting in a limited generalization of its findings. Practical implications: This paper open new paths for business accelerators and other institution decision makers by giving guidelines to design business acceleration programs allowing them to allocate resources in a more rational way. It also offers a valuable perspective for founders on the ways of satisfying their needs to complete their business potential. It also offers them an initial checklist of practices to be aware of when deciding to apply to a business accelerator. Also, we add a new perspective to study business accelerator contributions and shed some light on what specific accelerators’ tools and practices may facilitate positive effects in startups.

scholarly journals Imagined worldviews in John Lennon’s “Imagine”: a multimodal re-performance / Visões de mundo imaginadas no “Imagine” de John Lennon: uma re-performance multimodal

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 845
Author(s):  
Maria Clotilde Almeida ◽  
Rui Geirinhas
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Prominent Feature ◽  
Amnesty International ◽  
Visual Mode ◽  
De Re ◽  
John Lennon ◽  
Communication Modes ◽  
Song Lyrics ◽  
Yoko Ono ◽  
Book Format

Abstract: This paper addresses the issue of multimodal re-performance, a concept developed by us, in view of the fact that the famous song “Imagine”, by John Lennon, was published in illustrated book format by Frances Lincoln Children’s books under the sponsorship of Amnesty International in 2017 and later in an English-Portuguese bilingual edition in 2018 by Edicare. From our point of view, the concept of multimodal re-performance builds on the “personal authorization” criterion, a prominent feature in the legitimization of discourse and communication (VAN LEEUWEN, 2007), which we address in the light of the Multimodal Metaphor approach (FORCEVILLE, 2009, 2017). In conformity, we advocate that multimodal metaphorical links of different kinds in this re-performed edition of “Imagine” are architectured by a relevantly harmonious set of three communication modes: J. Lennon’s original song lyrics in the multimodal mode, the book’s preface by Yoko Ono in close connection to the book’s epilogue by Amnesty International, also in the written mode, and Jean Jullien’s brilliant illustrations in the visual mode. Last but not least, it is highlighted that this appealing re-performed multimodal cultural product “Imagine” is crafted with the purpose of both foregrounding the updated message of Imagine’s PEACE quest protagonized by the brown PEACE dove. Furthermore, in the epilogue, the reader is encouraged to visit the webpage https://imaginepeacebook.com and leave a peace message behind, opening the possibility for extension of the written mode echoing the song’s message in the future.Keywords: multimodal re-performance; personal authorization; multimodal metaphor; Imagine by J. Lennon.Resumo: O presente incide sobre a questão da re-performance multimodal, um conceito desenvolvido por nós, tendo em vistaa publicação da famosa canção “Imagine” de John Lennon, em formato de livro ilustrado pela editora de livros infantis Frances Lincoln, com o patrocínio da Amnistia Internacional e posteriormente dado à estampa pela Edicare numa versão bilingue inglês-português. Na nossa perspetiva, o conceito de re-performance multimodal está ancorado no conceito de “autorização pessoal”, um parâmetro proeminente na legitimação do discurso e da comunicação (VAN LEEUWEN, 2007) que desenvolvemos à luz da abordagem da metáfora multimodal (FORCEVILLE, 2009, 2017). Em conformidade com a mesma, advogamos que as conexões metafóricas multimodais de diferentes tipos nesta edição re-performada do “Imagine” são arquitetadas na base da articulação harmoniosa de três modos de comunicação: a canção original da autoria de J. Lennon, já de si um produto multimodal, o prefácio do livro, elaborado por Yoko Ono, em estreita ligação com o epílogo da obra da autoria da Amnistia Internacional, sob a forma de modo escrito, e as brilhantes ilustrações de Jean Jullien, no modo visual. Por último, pretende-se sublinhar que este “Imagine” enquanto produto multimodal re-performado, muito apelativo, destina-se a pôr em destaque a atualidade da mensagem do “Imagine” , na sua versão original, enquanto apelo à PAZ, protagonizada por uma pomba castanha. Além do mais, no epílogo, o leitor é encorajado a visitar a página https://imaginepeacebook.com e a deixar escrita uma mensagem de paz, abrindo a possibilidade para uma extensão do modo escrito fazendo eco da mensagem da canção, no futuro. Palavras-chave: re-performance multimodal; autorização pessoal; metáfora multimodal e Imagine de J. Lennon.

scholarly journals Knowledge Creation in New Ventures Based on the SECI Model: Similarities and Differences Between Japan, South Korea, and Austria

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Nadja Drexel
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Research Question ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Seci Model ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
A Company

Abstract This research deals with the question of which similarities and differences exist between Japanese, South Korean, and Austrian new ventures in terms of knowledge creation. The theoretical framework supporting this research is the SECI model developed by the two Japanese economists Nonaka Ikujiro and Takeuchi Hirotaka. Under the consideration of five conditions that must be met in a company, new knowledge can be created through the interaction of implicit and explicit knowledge by passing through the four modes socialisation, externalisation, combination, and internalisation. To answer this research question, an online questionnaire was sent to new ventures in Japan, South Korea, and Austria with a total of 154 companies participating. Additionally 12 expert interviews with employees or founders of new ventures were held. The result of the nonrepresentative research showed that a lot of similarities exist among the surveyed companies in terms of knowledge creation. Still there exists one important difference in the implementation of one of the five conditions of the SECI model. In comparison to Austrian companies, the majority of the Japanese and South Korean new ventures stated that their management often intentionally causes crisis/stress conditions, which can support the exchange of information and knowledge in a company.

The pragmatics of text-emoji co-occurrences on Chinese social media

Pragmatics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Xiran Yang ◽  
Meichun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Chinese Text ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Verbal Language ◽  
Multimodal Analysis ◽  
Functional Patterns ◽  
Chinese Social Media

Abstract This paper explores the pragmatics of emojis co-occurring with or embedded in text on Chinese social media with this central research question: what are the patterns and the communicative functions manifested by emojis in co-occurrence with Chinese text? Building on the metafunctional approach of multimodal analysis, popular online posts from Sina Weibo which contain both emoji(s) and text have been collected and analyzed to discover the representational, interactive, and compositional features manifested by emojis co-occurring with text. We have found that these emojis on Weibo appear most frequently at the end of the posts and reflect some unique Chinese cultural and linguistic features. Based on recurring pragmatic and functional patterns of text-emoji co-occurrences, it is proposed that emojis are used to perform speech acts, highlight subjective interpretations, and enhance informality, while substituting, reinforcing, and complementing the meanings conveyed by verbal language.

Founding conditions and benefit offerings: evidence from US startups

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-162
Author(s):  
Xiang Yi ◽  
Yang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tuition Reimbursement ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Industry Experience

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to answer the following research question: at the time of founding of a startup, what entrepreneurial conditions would influence the long-term offerings of HR benefits? To answer this question, our study examines the effects of four founding conditions of startups – total assets, founder’s education, industry experience and startup experience – on the basis of the resource-based view of firms.Design/methodology/approachUsing data from the Kauffman Firm Survey (KFS) conducted in the period 2005–2010, this paper analyzed the relationships between the founding conditions and the offering of HR benefits by 4,148 new ventures during the first five years after founding. In addition, this paper examined the relationships of the same founding conditions to the offering of each of seven specific benefits: alternative work schedule, bonus plan, health insurance, paid time off, retirement plan, tuition reimbursement and stock options.FindingsThree conditions at founding – total assets, founders’ education level, industry experience – have a positive and enduring influence on the offering of HR benefits to the employees. Startup experience has a significant effect on benefit offerings during the first year after founding but no significant effect on benefit offerings in subsequent years. All founding conditions have significant and long-lasting positive effects on each benefit, except for startup experience, which has a negative effect on some benefits.Originality/valueThe HRM literature indicates that there has been a surprising gap between practical interest and academic research with regard to benefits. In addition, there is a dearth of research on how entrepreneurs make strategic decisions such as offering benefits to their employees. The study represents an attempt to fill in this gap.

Developing relationships early: How new ventures fill their capability gap

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-61
Author(s):  
Eleonora Di Maria ◽  
Marco Bettiol ◽  
Valentina De Marchi ◽  
Roberto Grandinetti
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Marketing Capabilities ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Start Up ◽  
External Relationships ◽  
Resource Base View ◽  
Base View

In light of the resource-base view of the firm, liability of newness appears as a capability gap. Several studies claim that collaborating with others is an effective strategy for bridging this gap. However, none of them demonstrates that, against a capability gap declared by the new venture at its birth and filled at the end of the start-up phase, this result was achieved by resorting to relations with external actors.The paper aims at answering this research question analyzing both the case of a marketing and technological capability gaps. The empirical section presents the results based on an original dataset on about 400 Italian new ventures. Results show that collaboration with external partners is the only determinant in reducing both capability gaps, whereas the profile of the new venture as well as its size, its location and the founders' education are not relevant. New ventures use external relationships to develop both technological and marketing capabilities.

scholarly journals Pictorial Representations in Geology Textbooks of High School: a Study in the Scope of the Paleomagnetism

2017 ◽  
pp. 383-398
Author(s):  
Gina Pereira Correia ◽  
Celeste Romualdo Gomes
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Verbal Language ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Pictorial Representations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The pictorial representations (PR) are fundamental in textbooks, particularly to those regarding the Sciences education. Their efficiency and value for the teaching and learning processes must be focus not in their quantity, but in the way they are linked and integrated, so that it can create an adequate relationship with the verbal language. This study presents the results obtained from a quantitative evaluation of Biology and Geology textbooks of the 10th grade (n=5) and Geology of the 12th grade (n=3) of the Portuguese education system. The chosen topic was Paleomagnetism and it was formulated through the following research question: in the chapter concerning Paleomagnetism, do the Geology textbooks show a consistent organisation and structuring of the PR for the teaching and learning processes? To answer this question, the following goals were defined, which should be able to evaluate: the relationship of “communication”between the PR and the verbal language in the previously evaluated subchapters; the prevalence of the PR typologies in the observed sample; the presence of legend and scale in the considered PR. The results allow us to conclude the importance that PR has in the Geosciences teaching as a complement to the explanation text, and as a support to the practical activities. However, there are evidences of the lack of rigor in the use of these representations, which can lead to the possibility of a less effective learning of geological subjects or may lead to erroneous conceptions in students.

Supporting the Use of Rudimentary Vocalizations

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Zubow ◽  
Richard Hurtig
Keyword(s):  
Rett Syndrome ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Perceptual Judgments ◽  
The Face

Children with Rett Syndrome (RS) are reported to use multiple modalities to communicate although their intentionality is often questioned (Bartolotta, Zipp, Simpkins, & Glazewski, 2011; Hetzroni & Rubin, 2006; Sigafoos et al., 2000; Sigafoos, Woodyatt, Tuckeer, Roberts-Pennell, & Pittendreigh, 2000). This paper will present results of a study analyzing the unconventional vocalizations of a child with RS. The primary research question addresses the ability of familiar and unfamiliar listeners to interpret unconventional vocalizations as “yes” or “no” responses. This paper will also address the acoustic analysis and perceptual judgments of these vocalizations. Pre-recorded isolated vocalizations of “yes” and “no” were presented to 5 listeners (mother, father, 1 unfamiliar, and 2 familiar clinicians) and the listeners were asked to rate the vocalizations as either “yes” or “no.” The ratings were compared to the original identification made by the child's mother during the face-to-face interaction from which the samples were drawn. Findings of this study suggest, in this case, the child's vocalizations were intentional and could be interpreted by familiar and unfamiliar listeners as either “yes” or “no” without contextual or visual cues. The results suggest that communication partners should be trained to attend to eye-gaze and vocalizations to ensure the child's intended choice is accurately understood.

Self-Prioritization Beyond Perception

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 415-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Schäfer ◽  
Dirk Wentura ◽  
Christian Frings
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Stimulus Category ◽  
Abstract Concept ◽  
Conceptual Level ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Stimulus Features ◽  
Relevant Word ◽  
Word Shape

Abstract. Recently, Sui, He, and Humphreys (2012) introduced a new paradigm to measure perceptual self-prioritization processes. It seems that arbitrarily tagging shapes to self-relevant words (I, my, me, and so on) leads to speeded verification times when matching self-relevant word shape pairings (e.g., me – triangle) as compared to non-self-relevant word shape pairings (e.g., stranger – circle). In order to analyze the level at which self-prioritization takes place we analyzed whether the self-prioritization effect is due to a tagging of the self-relevant label and the particular associated shape or due to a tagging of the self with an abstract concept. In two experiments participants showed standard self-prioritization effects with varying stimulus features or different exemplars of a particular stimulus-category suggesting that self-prioritization also works at a conceptual level.

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