The Single’s Struggle: Discovering Involuntary Singleness in Indonesia Through Gender and Religious Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-389
Author(s):  
Karel Karsten Himawan
Keyword(s):  
Religious Values ◽  
Religious Perspective ◽  
Personal Preference ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Religious Perspectives ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Western Perspective ◽  
Ways Of Being ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Personal Fulfillment

Singleness emerges as a theme in studies on contemporary relationships across societies, including in Indonesia. While in most Western societies, singleness reflects an individual’s personal preference, marriage is viewed as cultural imperative in Indonesia, and being single is often held involuntarily by most never-married adults. This study outlines the reasons of why Indonesian individuals remain involuntarily single. The interviews of 40 never-married adults aged 27–52 years ( M age = 33.14; SD = 4.04) revealed that gender and religious differences regarding marriage expectation are central themes in understanding involuntary singleness. The study particularly revealed four gender-specific reasons for why individuals remained involuntarily single: obtaining a career, having an incompatible marriage expectation, having dependent family members, and having temporal perspectives of singleness. Two themes emerged regarding the religious perspective of singleness: religious interpretations about singleness and religion-related coping ways of being involuntarily single. The themes suggest that marriage is not a mere personal fulfillment as cultural and religious values determine individuals’ marriage feasibility. While offering a new perspective of involuntary singleness from non-Western perspective, the results inform strategies to cope with unwanted singleness, particularly in the marriage- and religion-preoccupied societies.

Singleness and the Church

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Marguerite Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Christian Tradition ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
The People ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Ways Of Being ◽  
The Church

Christians ought to be the people who most support singleness, given what scripture and tradition suggests—but they do not. Despite the fact that almost half of all Americans are single, singleness remains an often-overlooked oddity in American culture and in Christian communities. This book examines a variety of forgotten ways of being single: never-married, casual uncommitted relationships, committed unmarried relationships, same-sex attracted singleness, widowhood, divorce, and single parenting. Each chapter focuses on a different way of being single that draws together cultural commentary and Christian debate. Each chapter also features a holy guide—a person who lived that way of being single—who offers a new perspective on singleness, the church, and what it means to be a single Christian disciple. By considering all these states of single life, perhaps the contemporary church can learn how to be more appreciative and responsive to Christian singleness. A good theology of singleness is crucial for the well-being of Christian community. I argue that, in fact, for much of Christian tradition, Christians have been thinking about singleness in far more diverse ways than contemporary Christians think about singleness. This book therefore provides a starting point for restoring singleness, in all its amazing varieties, to its rightful place in Christian tradition.

scholarly journals Membangun Peradaban Sufistik melalui Hermeneutika Schleiermacher pada Ekspresi-Ekspresi Sejarah Perjuangan Imam Husain

ESOTERIK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Fadhlu Rahman ◽  
Dicky Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Spiritual Civilization ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Space ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Western Perspective

<p class="06IsiAbstrak">The modern western perspective initiated by the renaissance and the enlightenment century successfully couped the reality of God. This was carried out by some western intellectuals and thinkers, which ultimately gave obscurity to the human concept. The obscurity of this concept then has implications for the meaning of the progress of human civilization. This further gives serious problems to almost the entire social order.   Husain's struggle as the eternal history of humanity interpreted through Hermeneutics Scheleiermacher provides another perspective on human concepts and the progress of civilization. The monotheistic values they contain glance at the sides of spirituality as a measure of the progress of civilization. From it the definition of civilization gained new space and paved the way for human potentials that were inherently the cornerstone of the progress of civilization. This paper tries to uncover the values of Imam Husain's struggle in Karbala which is interpreted through Schleiermacher's psychological and grammatical interpretation and contextualizes it with the concept of Coomaraswamy spiritual civilization, as a foundation for the meaning of civilization using historical and descriptive analysis methods. So that the paradigm of the progress of civilization gets an alternative new perspective, and spirituality can be used as a measure of the progress of civilization.</p>

Islamist Women's Agency and Relational Autonomy

Hypatia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjoo Seodu Herr
Keyword(s):  
Religious Values ◽  
Relational Autonomy ◽  
Women's Agency ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
Women’S Agency ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Moral Capacity ◽  
The Ideal

Mainstream conceptions of autonomy have been surreptitiously gender‐specific and masculinist. Feminist philosophers have reclaimed autonomy as a feminist value, while retaining its core ideal as self‐government, by reconceptualizing it as “relational autonomy.” This article examines whether feminist theories of relational autonomy can adequately illuminate the agency of Islamist women who defend their nonliberal religious values and practices and assiduously attempt to enact them in their daily lives. I focus on two notable feminist theories of relational autonomy advanced by Marina Oshana and Andrea Westlund and apply them to the case of Women's Mosque Movement participants in Egypt. I argue that feminist conceptions of relational autonomy, centered around the ideal of self‐government, cannot elucidate the agency of Women's Mosque Movement participants whose normative ideal involves perfecting their moral capacity.

scholarly journals 涅槃與安樂——從佛教的立場看“安樂死”問題

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-104
Author(s):  
Kai CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Religious Ethics ◽  
Buddhist Ethics ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
Contemporary Debate ◽  
Mercy Killing ◽  
Digital Commons ◽  
Religious Perspectives ◽  
New Perspective

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.安樂死問題是當代生命倫理學中一個重要的問題，對於這一問題各界爭論不休。但是，就理論資源的角度來說，大多只是集中於醫學、哲學以及倫理學等領域，宗教倫理尤其是佛教倫理中蘊藏著豐富的理論資源，為我們認識安樂死問題提供了一個全新的視角，可以對安樂死問題的解決給出全新的答案。The problem of euthanasia (or mercy killing) is quite important in contemporary ethics. There have been a large amount of arguments among many circles. However, most contemporary discussions are limited to the theoretical resources of medicine, philosophy and ethics. In religious ethics, especially Buddhist ethics, there exists abundance of intellectual resources that could be drawn on.This essay analyses several general representative value judgments which support euthanasia. It is not difficult to find that both extreme utilitarian views and extreme human rights views on euthanasia can be taken as originating from either the classical Greek thinking or the modern Enlightenment thinking. Contemporary moralists are unable to take advantage of such views to get out of the difficulty around the issue of euthanasia. Such views often consist of some general principles, such as autonomy, beneficence, justice and etc. Interestingly, both the supporters and opponents of euthanasia can use the same set of such principles to make their arguments, and cannot persuade the other side. This situation indicates the impoverishment of such views for solving bioethical problems. It is then necessary to introduce some other traditional resources, especially Eastern religious perspectives, to reconsider the problem of euthanasia from a wider background.From the Buddhist view, all sides of the contemporary debate over the problem of euthanasia - no matter whether it is from the background of Christianity or from modern humanist thinking, actually share the same theoretical presuppositions and originate from the same cultural traditional background, although they seem to be dramatically and severely different. Both Christian theologians and modern Western Humanist intellectuals cut death from daily human life, viewing death as an enemy which people should challenge and overcome. As Buddhists see it, this attitude will surely bring the problem of euthanasia to a mess. Buddhism understands that death and life cannot be entirely separated from each other. This does not mean that Buddhism must support active euthanasia. Rather, to introduce Buddhist thinking resources into consideration over this problem could provide us a brand new perspective of understanding this problem, and may give us some new resolutions of euthanasia.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 135 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

scholarly journals LOCAL WISDOM OF “MALAMANG AND MANJALANG MINTUO” IN THE PERSPECTIVES OF CULTURE, SOCIAL, AND RELIGION IN MINANGKABAU WEST SUMATERA

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-317
Author(s):  
Yusutria Yusutria
Keyword(s):  
Religious Life ◽  
Cultural Preservation ◽  
Good Thing ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Religious Perspectives ◽  
Halal Food ◽  
Changing Times

The tradition of “Malamang and Manjalang Mintuo” is a tradition in Minangkabau, West Sumatra. The tradition has beenshifted with the changing times and began to be abandoned by youngers generation due to the influence of modernization. While the tradition initially has cul- tural and religious values contained in it based on cultural, social and religious life perspectives. The goals of cultural, social, and religious values are contained. As for the results of this research, it is found that values which are contained in cultural, social, and religious perspectives are historical cultural preservation due to the spread of Islam and a teaching to always do good thing such as charity; the building of friendship rela- tion among the societies; the introduction of halal food and teaching to have a great communication adjusted with the place and interlocutor; and give thanks and for wishing of blessing and salvation from God.

scholarly journals Science's Big Problem, Reincarnation's Big Potential, and Buddhists' Profound Embarrassment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Christopher
Keyword(s):  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Behavioral Genetics ◽  
Missing Heritability ◽  
Religious Perspective ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Scientific Materialism ◽  
Religious Perspectives ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Missing Heritability Problem

Scientific materialism is the largely unquestioned basis for modern science's understanding of life. It also holds enormous sway beyond science and thus has increasingly marginalized religious perspectives. Yet it is easy to find behavioral phenomena from the accepted literature that seriously challenge materialism. A number of these phenomena are very suggestive of reincarnation. The larger test for science's paradigm, though, as well as for any potential general import from reincarnation - is the DNA (or genetics)-based model of heredity. If that conception-beget, DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)-carried model can be confirmed at the individual level then in a very substantial way we would be confirmed as material-only creatures. In particular, can behavioral genetics and personal genomics confirm their DNA-based presumptions? During the last decade enormous efforts have been made to find the DNA origins for a number of health and behavioral tendencies. These efforts have been an "absolutely beyond belief" failure and it is here that the scientific vision faces its biggest challenge. The common premodern reincarnation understanding, on the other hand, fits well on a number of specific conundrums and offers a broad coherence across this unfolding missing heritability mystery. For people trying to make sense of a religious perspective or simply questioning materialism, you should be looking at the missing heritability problem.

scholarly journals THE LIFE OF MUSLIM INDONESIAN STUDENTS IN GERMANY: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Gilang Maulana Majid
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Student Mobility ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Pull Factor ◽  
Interesting Topic ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Religious Perspectives ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Study Motivation ◽  
Push And Pull

Immigration of people attached to a certain religion in a country where most of the population do not embrace the same religion has always been an interesting topic to explore, especially when it is regarding the discourse of student mobility in higher education world. A lot of factors must be taken into account before one makes a decision on which country to continue the study. As Muslims adhere to certain religious values, any factor that supports one’s piousity would be ideally weighed. This study explores the life of Muslim Indonesian students studying in Germany. Departing from the study motivation, the concept of push and pull factor is then enriched with religious perspectives. The research findings show that even though there are challenges that these students face as a Muslim, there is still an interesting opportunity that they have experienced when residing in Germany and later deem most significant in relation to their Islamicity. Realizing the importance of this kind of discourse for Indonesian immigrants, be it student or non-student, a suggestion of further research under the same topic is emphasized. Keywords: Germany, Hajj, higher education,Muslim Indonesian student, push-pull factor AbstrakImigrasi orang-orang yang melekat pada agama tertentu di negara yang mana sebagian besar penduduknya tidak memeluk agama yang sama selalu menjadi topik yang menarik untuk dieksplor, terutama ketika menyangkut wacana mobilitas siswa di dunia pendidikan tinggi. Banyak faktor harus diperhitungkan sebelum seseorang membuat keputusan ke negara mana untuk melanjutkan studi. Sebagai umat Islam yang mematuhi nilai-nilai agamanya, setiap faktor yang mendukung kesalehan seseorang akan dipertimbangkan. Studi ini mengeksplorasi kehidupan pelajar Indonesia Muslim yang belajar di Jerman. Studi ini berangkat dari motivasi belajar, konsep push dan pull factor yang kemudian diperkaya dengan perspektif agama. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ada tantangan yang dihadapi para siswa ini sebagai seorang Muslim, namun masih ada peluang menarik yang mereka alami ketika tinggal di Jerman yang kemudian dianggap sangat penting dalam kaitannya dengan keislaman mereka. Menyadari pentingnya wacana semacam ini bagi para imigran Indonesia, baik itu mahasiswa maupun non-pelajar, maka perlu penelitian lebih lanjut dengan topik yang sama.Kata kunci: Mahasiswa Muslim Indonesia, Jerman, push-pull factor,pendidikan tinggi, Haji

The age, height, and body mass of Olympic swimmers: A 50-year review and update

2020 ◽  
pp. 174795412097179
Author(s):  
Adam Mallett ◽  
Phillip Bellinger ◽  
Wim Derave ◽  
Mark Osborne ◽  
Clare Minahan
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
World Class ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Gender Specific

A difficulty in identifying the optimal age, height, and body mass of swimmers is the heterogeneity of the athletes examined (i.e., gender, caliber), the variability in race distance and stroke, and the influence of time. Nonetheless, age, height, and body mass remains the most readily available data of all athlete characteristics, supporting their contribution to the prediction of performance. This review presents the findings of previous studies over the last 50 years and offers new insights by examining data from swimmers competing at the 1968, 1992, and 2016 Olympic Games. Our data investigates gender differences in age, before exploring gender-specific variations in the age, height, and body mass across year, distance, stroke, and caliber. We show that there are differences in swimmers competing at the 2016 compared to the 1968 and 1992 Olympic Games. Today the age of world-class swimmers is independent of gender, race distance and stroke, as well as caliber. Swimmers competing in freestyle are taller and heavier than in butterfly, while height remains associated with performance in some, but not all events in female swimmers. In 2016 the average age, height and body mass of World-class swimmers is 22.7 ± 3.6 and 23.2 ± 23.3 years, 175.1 ± 6.6 cm and 188.3 ± 6.0 cm and 63.8 ± 6.8 and 81.3 ± 7.3 kg for females and males respectively. These findings provide coaches with a new perspective on the optimal age, height, and body mass of world-class female and male swimmers.

Decolonial Perspectives on Psychology and Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Adams ◽  
Annabella Osei-Tutu ◽  
Adjeiwa Akosua Affram
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
West African ◽  
Developmental Pathway ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adaptive Value ◽  
Epistemic Violence ◽  
Racialized Violence ◽  
Psychological Autonomy ◽  
Ways Of Being ◽  
Personal Fulfillment

Standard constructions of history pose a celebratory narrative of progress via modern individualist development. In contrast, decolonial perspectives emphasize the coloniality inherent both in Eurocentric modernity and in the individualist selfways associated with Eurocentric modernity. The coloniality of modern individualist selfways is evident not only in the racialized violence that enabled their characteristic experience of freedom from constraint, but also in the epistemic violence that results from the imposition of these ways of being as a developmental standard. Research in West African settings illuminates these forms of epistemic violence. Standard accounts tend to pathologize West African ways of being as immature or suboptimal in relation to a presumed universal developmental pathway toward psychological autonomy. A decolonial response, rooted in decolonial perspectives of Southern theory or epistemology, follows two analytic strategies that disrupt standard accounts. One strategy draws upon local understanding to illuminate the adaptive value of West African patterns. Rather than manifestations of backwardness on a trajectory of modern individualist development, these ways of being reflect developmental trajectories that emerged as an adaptation to cultural ecologies of embeddedness. The other strategy draws upon West African settings as a standpoint from which to denaturalize the modern individualist selfways that hegemonic perspectives regard as just-natural standards. Rather than naturally superior forms, the widespread promotion of modern individualist selfways has harmful consequences related to the narrow pursuit of personal fulfillment and corresponding disinvestment in broader solidarities. With the growth orientation of modern individualist development pushing the planet toward a future of ecological catastrophe, decolonial perspectives direct attention to West African and other communities in the Global South for ways of being, rooted in Other understandings of the past, as a pathway to a sustainable and just future.

Religion and Resistance in Appalachia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Witt
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Appalachian Studies ◽  
Mountaintop Removal ◽  
Place Studies ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Critical Regionalism ◽  
Religious Perspectives ◽  
Physical Interactions ◽  
Dark Green

This volume examines the complex roles of religious values and perceptions of place in the efforts of twenty-first-century anti-mountaintop removal activists in Appalachia. Applying theoretical insights from religious studies, Appalachian studies, and critical regionalism, the work charts how views of Appalachian place were transformed and revised through activism and how different religious threads were involved in that process, weaving together patterns of meaning and significance to help motivate activist efforts and reshape visions of Appalachia. The specific religious threads examined include Catholic and mainline Protestant visions of eco-justice (or religiously inspired arguments in support of social and environmental justice), evangelical Christian views of Creation Care (a term encompassing multiple visions of theocentric stewardship ethics), and forms of nature-venerating spirituality (including spiritual and religious proponents of biocentric ethics and “dark green religion”). These religious perspectives encountered friction with other perspectives, structures, and practices, generating new perspectives on the issue formed from physical interactions between diverse stakeholders as well as new visions for Appalachia in a post-mountaintop removal future. The work points to ways that scholars might continue to analyze the interconnections between local religious values and perceptions of place, influencing further studies in the interdisciplinary field of religion and nature, place studies, and social movements.

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