Assessment of HiTOP Constructs Across the Population: A Commentary on the HiTOP Measure Development Project

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110482
Author(s):  
Edelyn Verona
Keyword(s):  
Measure Development ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
Mental Wellness ◽  
Symptom Measures ◽  
Taxonomic System

The set of articles in this issue demonstrates the promise of the HiTOP collaborative effort in advancing a viable alternative dimensional taxonomy of psychopathology. Besides transcending the limitations of our current taxonomic system and categorical diagnoses, the potential contributions of HiTOP should extend to also critically examining long-standing notions of psychopathology and mental wellness, evaluating the ability of symptom measures to capture the various manifestations of disorder in the population, and questioning the emphasis on predominant Western cultural norms as a basis for our definitions of psychopathology and their measurement. This commentary addresses the extent to which the implementation of the measurement studies featured in the special issue centered these goals, drawing on the work of scholars from within and outside the fields of psychiatry and clinical psychology, some who have taken a critical view of these fields. The hope is that we work to challenge some basic assumptions and increase self-reflection, with an eye toward reducing bias and mental health disparities.

Introduction to Special Issue Financial and life instability: Obstacles to and opportunities for emerging adult development and future well-being

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-442
Author(s):  
Margherita Lanz ◽  
Joyce Serido
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Financial Instability ◽  
Special Issue

Current global economic instability has exacerbated the challenges of contemporary emerging adulthood and increased the urgency of examining financial instability as a life condition during this life stage. For this special issue, we assembled eight papers from different countries to examine how emerging adults are navigating financial instability. In the current introduction to the special issue, we identified the main themes that emerged from the collected studies: the role of family, emerging adults’ financial self-agency, financial disruptions and wellbeing, and the processes linking financial factors and positive development. Overall, these studies demonstrate that while the overall processes linking finances and development may be similar in different nations, the specificity of each context highlights the need to consider the important role of cultural norms and attitudes. We conclude this introduction, suggesting future research paths and implications for educators and practitioners that provide financial educators programs.

The Southern Square in the Baltic Pearl: Chinese ambition and “European” architecture in St. Petersburg, Russia

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan L. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Princeton University ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
European Architecture

The Baltic Pearl is a 205-hectare development project underway southwest of St. Petersburg, Russia, originally financed and designed by a consortium of firms from Shanghai, China. This paper analyzes the discourse surrounding the development of one section of the Baltic Pearl, the commercial multiplex Southern Square, particularly the use of the term “European” as used to signal the project's intended cultural orientation and to exert control over the interaction between Russian planners and Chinese developers. In the negotiation over the form of the multiplex, control over architectural style emerges as leverage for preservation of cultural norms and local autonomy. In further analysis, the situation emerges as an example of Sassen's [(2008)Territory, Authority, Rights. From Medieval to Global Assemblages.Princeton: Princeton University Press] shifting assemblages, that is, a reassembling of global influences in a space invoked as national as well as local.

scholarly journals Hodnoty v opravdovém světě

Envigogika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohuslav Binka ◽  
Jan Činčera ◽  
Martin Černý
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
The Real ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
Real World Learning ◽  
Universal Values

The paper analysis how the Schwartz’ theory of universal values promoted in the Real World Learning Model might be applied in educational practice. In its first part it introduces the Schwartz’ theory and its basic assumptions. In the second part it presents its critical reflection based on works of Pareto and Sorel. As they argue, the theory is too “optimistic” as it does not presuppose the ability of value of power to “mask” itself for other values. On the basis of this criticism, the paper discusses possible risks of non-reflected effort to force values of univerzalism or benevolence in education by the means of power discourse, and recommends an open self-reflection of a teacher as a prevention of such a risk.

scholarly journals Special Issue on Expectations for Upgrading Dams Under Operation

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-584
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Sumi ◽  
Makoto Nakatsugawa ◽  
Yoshikazu Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Lake Biwa ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Reservoir Capacity ◽  
Sediment Deposits ◽  
Hoover Dam ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
The Us ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
Effective Use

IntroductionThere are approximately 2,700 dams in Japan. Their total reservoir capacity is approximately 25 billion m3(BCM), far less than the 34.4 BCM of Hoover Dam in the US or the 39.3 BCM of the Three Gorges Dam in China. Lake Biwa, with a capacity of 27.5 BCM, which has recently been used for multiple purposes by the Lake Biwa Comprehensive Development Project, is equivalent in scale to such artificial lakes. On the other hand, dams in Japan that were constructed on mountain rivers with considerable sediment deposits are decreasing their capacity more rapidly than those constructed on continental rivers, so they require measures against deposition to maintain their long-term reservoir capacity. In addition, extreme weather phenomena (increased rainfall and drought intensity) under climate changes increase high demand for storage capacity of dams. In order to effectively use these dams as limited resources and to hand them over to the next generation in healthy state, continuous investment and development of maintenance technology are required. Recently, to promote this investment and development, “A vision for upgrading dams (effective use of existing dams to mitigate damage from frequent floods and droughts and to generate renewable energy)” was established by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism (MLIT) on June 27, 2017 [1]. This special issue is collecting the significance of the dam upgrading projects and important challenges from various aspects to be implemented.

Measurement to Improve Treatment Delivery: A Commentary on the HiTOP Measure Development Project

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110509
Author(s):  
Shannon Sauer-Zavala
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Measure Development ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Treatment Delivery ◽  
Improve Treatment ◽  
Measurement Strategy ◽  
Symptom Level

The focus on this commentary will be on how dimensional models of psychopathology, particularly HiTOP model, have the potential to significantly streamline treatment efforts and increase the likelihood that evidence-based interventions are more widely integrated in clinical practice. The approach to assessment adopted by the HiTOP consortium is likely to have an outsized impact on whether these innovations are adopted in routine clinical practice. Toward that end, I provide suggestions for a measurement strategy that can maximize clinical utility. In particular, the tension between creating items that reflect all phenomena at the sign/symptom level to refine our understanding of relationships among psychopathological constructs and creating a measure that is suitable for clinical practice is explored.

Special Issue on Strategic Development of Advanced Robotics Elemental Technologies

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 906-906
Author(s):  
Shigeoki Hirai ◽  
Fumi Seto ◽  
Kazuhito Yokoi
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Practical Work ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Robot Systems ◽  
Technology Development Project ◽  
Gate System ◽  
Advanced Robotics ◽  
Special Environment

The Strategic Development of Advanced Robotics Elemental Technologies (STARET), a METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry) project conducted under a 5-year plan starting in 2006, was a nonconventional, unique, mission-oriented effort concerning the stage gate system. METI’s technology development project R&D is usually pursued bottom up. It is where most advanced modern technologies are selected and developed for practical use. The STARET, however, has pursued development top down without selecting a specific technology. Potentially practical work is selected from the view of businesses using robots. The target here is defined as a mission in which robot systems are built combining optimum technologies. Practical work has focused on two manufacturing themes, three service field themes, and two special environment themes. These were selected for new ranges of purpose, new marketability, and a public nature. This special issue features STARET topics focusing on research outcomes of robot systems intended for practical use. Topics on practical technologies related to the above themes were sought, resulting in many papers from nonproject participants in addition to those from STARET participants. The regular standard was applied to the peer review and articles were chosen for originality. We expect this special issue will help speed up and promote the research and development of robots intended for practical use.

scholarly journals Den etnometodologiske konversationsanalyse som kulturanalytisk metode

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Susanne Kjærbeck
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Telephone Conversation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The Relationship

This article will focus on the ethnomethodological conversation analysis (CA) as a method for analysing cultural phenomena in conversation. It will present some of CA’s basic assumptions about the social character of situated interaction and the use of con-text in conversation as well as discuss some recent research projects which, based on the conversation analytical approach, focus on cultural aspects of face-to-face or telephone conversation. Finally, it presents basic methodological aspects of the main traditions within cultural analysis, the functionalist paradigm and the interpretive anthropology, and relate the CA approach to these traditions. It is suggested that CA may make significant contributions to the ongoing discussion of methodology within the fields of cultural analysis and intercultural communication, be it the technical skills for analysing organization or identity in talk in interaction, the approach to context, to the interactive character of communication, or the reflexive understanding of the relationship between social and cultural norms and situated interaction.

English as a lingua franca in the Asian context

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chit Cheung Matthew Sung
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Asian Context

The global phenomenon of English as a lingua franca (ELF) has gained a great deal of attention among applied linguists in recent years. With English serving an increasingly important role as a lingua franca in the Asian context, this special issue aims to explore ELF in Asia through the lens of identity. It critically explores issues and concerns surrounding ELF and identity formation from an Asian perspective by investigating ELF communication involving Asian speakers of English and examining their voices and experiences which have been under-represented in the ELF literature. Building upon a small but growing body of literature on ELF and identity, this special issue brings together articles that examine different aspects of identity formation in ELF communication in several Asian contexts, addressing an array of issues including how identities are constructed and negotiated in lingua franca settings and how different aspects of identities are shaped by linguistic and socio-cultural norms of various ELF contexts and by complex interactions of power relations, language attitudes and ideologies.

Practicing Soft Skills in Software Engineering

2017 ◽  
pp. 232-252
Author(s):  
Yvonne Sedelmaier ◽  
Dieter Landes
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Development Project ◽  
University Education ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
The Individual

Software Engineering requires a specific profile of technical expertise combined with context-sensitive soft skills. Therefore, university education in software engineering should foster both technical knowledge and soft skills. Students should be enabled to cope with complex situations in real life by applying and combining their theoretical knowledge with team and communication competencies. In this chapter, the authors report findings from a software engineering project course. They argue that project work is a suitable approach to foster soft skills. To that end, the authors provide justification from a pedagogical point of view, setting project-based learning into relation to action-orientated didactics. As teaching goals, they focus on experiencing a complete development project from end to end, following a software process model that needs to be adapted to the specific situation, self-determined planning and acting, including the organization of the project, teamwork and team communication, and self-reflection on individual roles and contributions, and on the performance of the project team as a whole. In order to achieve these goals, the authors form teams of bachelor students, which are headed by one master student each. It turned out that a clear separation of roles is inevitable within the team, but also with respect to instructors. Self-reflection processes concerning the team roles and the individual competencies are explicitly stimulated and cumulate in individual self-reports and post-mortem analysis sessions. The authors share findings of how well the approaches have worked and outline some ideas to improve things.

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