Community Pharmacists’ Knowledge on Cancer and Screening Methods

2022 ◽  
pp. 107815522110738
Author(s):  
Aysen Uygun ◽  
Nazli Dilek Caliskan ◽  
Songul Tezcan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sufficient Knowledge

Background and Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate the knowledge of community pharmacists on cancer and screening methods. Setting and Method This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study and was conducted between January-June 2020 in Istanbul/Turkey. a structured questionnaire was applied to pharmacists as online. The questionnaire was prepared by the researchers and consisted of 49 questions; basic information about cancer (15 items), signs and symptoms (11 items), causes and risk factors (14 items), cancer screening methods (9 items). Results It was determined that the majority (>90%) of the pharmacists did not receive any education on cancer and/or cancer screening methods after graduation. The sufficient knowledge level of the pharmacists about cancer basics, signs and symptoms, and risk factors were found to be as 80%, 77%, and 67%, respectively. The internal consistency level of the questionnaire was calculated (Cronbach's alpha = 0.814). The item “Every woman should perform breast self-examination and notify a health professional when there is a change in breast appearance or feeling,” was answered correctly by 98% of the pharmacists. It was determined that 71% of the pharmacists gave the correct answer to the item “Women aged 21–30 years should have a PAP smear every 3 years”. Conclusion According to the results of the study, while the rate of sufficient knowledge level on cancer was found to be low, knowledge on cancer screening was found to be sufficient. We think that pharmacists should receive training on cancer and screening methods and to follow the guidelines closely.

scholarly journals Awareness of risk factors and warning symptoms and attitude towards gastric cancer screening among the general public in China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e029638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Liu ◽  
Xi Zeng ◽  
Wen Wang ◽  
Ruo-lin Huang ◽  
Yan-jin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Cancer Knowledge ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gastric Cancer Screening

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the knowledge of risk factors and warning symptoms and attitude towards gastric cancer screening among the general population in China.SettingHunan province, ChinaParticipantsIndividuals aged older than 18 years were recruited using a cluster sampling method.DesignA cross-sectional study, and a pretested structured questionnaire was used to assess participants’ awareness of gastric cancer.Primary and secondary outcome measuresKnowledge level of risk factors and warning symptoms of gastric cancer, gastric cancer screening attitude, sociodemographic factors associated with gastric cancer knowledge and screening behaviour.ResultsThis study comprised 1200 participants with a mean age of 40.31 (SD 16.73) years, of whom 622 (51.8%) were women. The mean score for gastric cancer knowledge was 8.85/22 (SD 6.48). There were 47.0% of the participants who had a low knowledge level about the risk factors and warning symptoms of gastric cancer. In total, 83.8% believed screening is helpful for early detection of gastric cancer, and 15.2% had undergone gastric cancer screening. The most common reason for not undergoing screening was having ‘no symptoms’ (63.0%), followed by ‘fear of undergoing gastroscopy’ (38.1%). Independent factors related to lower knowledge levels included male sex, living in rural areas, lower educational level, working as a farmer and without a family history of gastric cancer (p<0.05). Factors independently associated with screening behaviour included white-collar employment, higher income and having upper gastrointestinal tract diseases (p<0.05).ConclusionsIn China, people have poor knowledge about risk factors and warning symptoms of gastric cancer, but a majority have a positive attitude towards the benefits of gastric cancer screening. Being asymptomatic and having a fear of gastroscopy were the main self-reported reasons for not undergoing screening. These results highlight the urgent need for educational campaigns to improve gastric cancer awareness.

scholarly journals High Anti-HCV Seroprevalence and Low Performance of ICT Strip in Diagnosing Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Children in Enugu Metropolis

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Maryann C. Ezeilo ◽  
Godwill A. Engwa ◽  
Romanus I. Iroha ◽  
Damian N. Odimegwu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background:The lack of a vaccine for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) places children at a high risk of contracting the infection. It becomes necessary to accurately diagnose this infection for proper treatment as well as identifying potential risk factors for effective management.Aim:This study was conceived to assess the test performance of the commonly used Immunochromatographic test (ICT) strip and identify the associated clinical manifestations and risk factors of HCV in children in Enugu Metropolis.Method:A cross-sectional study involving randomly selected 270 children below six years of age was conducted in Enugu Nigeria. The subjects were screened for anti-HCV by ICT and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and the demographic, signs and symptoms and risk factors were collected.Results:A total of 50 out of 270 children were positive for anti-HCV with a seropositivity of 18.5%. ICT strip had a very low sensitivity of 38.00% with an accuracy of 88.52% in detecting anti-HCV. The presence of dark urine was associated (p= 0.01) with HCV infection.Conclusion:A seroprevalence of 18.5% of Anti-HCV was found in children below six years old in Enugu metropolis and the performance of ICT in diagnosing HCV infection was poor compared to ELISA.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice of cervical cancer and its screening (Pap smear) among female students of Orotta College of medicine and health sciences

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Yohannes Mekonen ◽  
Hermon Berhe ◽  
Luam Ghebreab ◽  
Elias Teages
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide that affects developing countries and young women in particular. Out of many types of female cancers, cancer of the cervix could be prevented if appropriate medical interventions are taken on time. Pap smear is a means for early detection of premalignant stages and treatment before the disease advances to a late stage. However, its practice remains unsatisfactory in many countries including Eritrea. Objective: The aim of the study was to illustrate knowledge, attitude and level of cervical cancer and Pap smear practice and associated factors among female students of Orotta College of Medicine and Health sciences (OCMHS). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among female undergraduate students in OCMHS enrolled during the academic year 2018-2019. A total of 252 students participated in the study. Piloted, structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to assess the distribution and to identify associations between independent and outcome variables respectively. Results: Majority of the students, 171 (68.4%), were 18-21 years old and 159 (63.6%) were second and third year students. One hundred thirty six (54.4%) students had inadequate knowledge and one hundred twenty three (49.2%) had negative attitude towards cervical cancer screening. Only two (0.8%) participants had ever been screened with Pap smear test. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, level of education and year of study were significantly associated with knowledge of cervical cancer and its screening methods. Year of study and knowledge levels were significantly associated with attitude towards cervical cancer screening (Pap smear). Conclusions: The study showed that there is a lack of knowledge of cervical cancer, unfavorable attitude towards screening methods and poor utilization of Pap smear. The study emphasized the importance of creating awareness and increasing knowledge of cervical cancer and Pap smear through numerous health education campaigns and mass media. Hence, it will be vital to integrate cervical cancer preventive measures with other reproductive health care services at all, if not at the highest, levels of health care delivery system.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit hospitalisation in Guyana: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Seepersaud
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Icu Admission

Objective The purpose of the study was to determine risk factors associated with COVID-19 ICU hospitalisation at Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation (GPHC), Guyana. Methods A retrospective chart-review was conducted on all COVID-19 admissions from March to September 2020. The predictive factors were demographics, comorbidities, signs and symptoms of COVID-19 and laboratory findings on admission. Descriptive frequency analysis was done for all independent variables and the Chi-square test was used to compare differences between groups where suitable. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression was used to examine the association between the independent variables and the risk for ICU hospitalisation. Results There were 136 patients with COVID-19 at GPHC during March to September 2020 and after exclusion, 135 patients were used in the study. There were 72 (53.4%) patients who required non-ICU care, while 63 (46.6%) ICU care and average age ± SD (median) was 51 ±16 (n= 49) and 56 ±18 (n= 60), respectively. In the multivariate regression model, the odds of ICU admission for those aged 40-65 was 0.14 (p <.01) compared to those > 65 years. Patients with class 2 and above obesity had higher odds of ICU admission compared to non-obese patients OR 11.09 (p= .006). Patients with 2 and 3 or more comorbidities also had higher odds of ICU admission compared to those with no comorbidities OR 7.83 (p= .03) and 132 (p <.001), respectively. Patients with LDH 228-454 U/L and > 454 U/L on admission had higher odds of ICU admission compared to those with normal LDH OR 19.88 (p= .001) and 23.32 (p= .001), respectively. Patients with albumin < 3.50 mg/dL on admission also had higher odds of ICU admission compared to those with normal albumin OR 5.78 (p= .005). Conclusion Risk factors associated with ICU hospitalisation were advanced age, obesity, multiple comorbidities, elevated LDH and low albumin. Protecting the population at risk for ICU admission and prioritizing them for vaccination is recommended to reduce the risk of running out of ICU capacity.

scholarly journals Patient’S Knowledge of Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors and Associated Factors Among Adult Cardiac Patients in Selected Health Institutions; A Cross Sectional Study, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2021 G.C.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bezina Damtew ◽  
Yoseph Tsige ◽  
Ketema Bizuwork ◽  
Sosina Workineh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sufficient Knowledge

Abstract Background cardiovascular related disorders are a major public health challenge in globally as well as in Ethiopia. It is crucial to improve the life style of the community at the same time it is a key for health care policy to give emphasis for prevention by educating the community by different ways. Therefore, the current study patient’s knowledge about risk factors related to those diseases. Method A facility-based descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted. 420 Participants selected by systematic random sampling technique from April 01, 2021 until Jun 28, 2021 and met the criteria were included. Data was collected by interviewer-administered questionnaire. Level of knowledge was assessed by the Heart Disease Fact Questions. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to identify factors associated with identified class of knowledge. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as to indicate statistical significances. Result The result showed that most of the study subjects were in the age range of >54. The mean age was 48.7 ± 13 years. 255(62.7%) were females. 300(71.6%) of participants have sufficient knowledge toward cardiovascular diseases risk factors. Age, Sex, Place of residence, Status of education and Marital status was significantly associated with Participant’s knowledge (p<0.05, 95% C. I). Conclusion The majority of participants had sufficient knowledge regarding cardiovascular diseases risk factors. Maintaining good status, implementation of innovative interventions and structured, nurse-led lifestyle counseling would be required to effectively guide patients.

The prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology among postnatal clinic attendees at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12568-e12568
Author(s):  
Boniface Uji Ago
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Gynecologic Oncology ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventable Disease ◽  
Abnormal Cervical Cytology

e12568 Background: Carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a deadly but preventable disease. It is still a major gynecologic problem in our subregion. Cervical cytology remains the key to its early detection and prompt treatment. Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional study of postnatal women to determine the prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology and their socio-demographic characteristics. Institutional ethical clearance and informed consent of participants were obtained. Aye's spatula and endocervical brush were used to collect specimen from the ectocervix and endocervix respectively and smeared on individually labelled glass slides. The samples were treated using the conventional Papanicolaou staining method and reported using the Bethesda system. Researcher-administered questionnaire generated data as well as results of cytology were analyzed using Epi-Info version 3.5.1.0 (CDC Atlanta USA 2008). Results: There were 100 women screened. Three percent had low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Colposcopy done, however, did not reveal abnormal findings. Ninety-five percent of the women had no prior knowledge of cervical cancer and Pap smear. Two percent of the women had a family history of cervical cancer and both patients died of the disease due to lack of facilities for treatment. Conclusions: Cervical cancer is a preventable disease. Women in our subregion are under-screened. Effective screening methods are the mainstay in its prevention. Availability of well equipped gynecologic oncology centers with personnel training are a necessary end to this carnage.

scholarly journals Prevention of chronic diseases in middle-age women: a cross-sectional study on an Italian large sample

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Colombo ◽  
Gianluca Voglino ◽  
Aurelio Sessa ◽  
Fabrizio Bert ◽  
Anna Maria Maestroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Abstract Background The age around 50 years represents a crucial point for women: menopause leads to biological changes and it begins breast and colon-rectal cancer screening. This study aimed at assessing frequencies of cardiovascular risk factors and analyzing participation in screening and vaccination. Methods In 2017, a cross-sectional study was performed in Northern Italy. Totally, 12 249 women, aged between 50 and 54 years, were enrolled by General Practitioners (GPs). It was used a 21-item form, with information about: socio-demographic, anamnestic and clinical data, execution of a booster shot of tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine in the last decade and of PAP-test, mammography and faecal occult blood test in the last 2 years. Descriptive and crosstab χ2 analyses were performed with STATA MP13. The significance level was P ≤ 0.05. Results Our findings showed the presence of cardiovascular risk factors, such as obesity (10.95%), hypertension (13.76%), hyperlipidaemia (11.57%), glycaemia ≥ 100 mg dl−1 (16.97%), poor physical activity (73.49%), smoking (18.28%), cardiovascular family history (FH) (51.70%). There were a lower participation in colo-rectal cancer screening (45.09%) compared with breast (85.06%) and cervical (77.16%) cancer screening and an insufficient Tdap booster dose compliance (17.56%). Chi-square analyses showed correlations between cardiovascular FH and body mass index, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, glycaemia and smoking, and between cancer FH and participation in breast and colo-rectal cancer screening (P < 0.05). Conclusions Women with cardiovascular disease FH represent a priority target of educational interventions considering the prevalence of concomitant risk factors. Programmes aimed at increasing screening and vaccination participation should be implemented.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practice of Breast Cancer Screening Methods among Female Community Pharmacists in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Nehad M. Ayoub ◽  
Ghaith M. Al-Taani ◽  
Basima A. Almomani ◽  
Linda Tahaineh ◽  
Khawla Nuseir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Community ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Objectives. Our study is aimed at exploring the knowledge and personal practice of breast cancer screening among female community pharmacists in Jordan. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was carried out using a nonrandom sample selection method for pharmacists in community pharmacies. Results. A total of 551 female pharmacists completed the questionnaire. The mean age of pharmacists was 29.1 ± 7.3 years (range 21–67), and most have bachelor degrees in pharmacy (89.1%). The mean score of knowledge of breast cancer signs and symptoms was 4.2 ± 1.5 out of 6 points (range 0–6). The mean score of knowledge of risk factors was 7.6 ± 1.9 out of 12 points (ranging from 2–12). The mean score for knowledge of screening guidelines was 2.8 ± 0.9 out of 4 points (range 0–4). Overall, 452 pharmacists (85.8%) had acceptable knowledge while 75 pharmacists (14.2%) had poor knowledge of breast cancer. Pharmacists surveyed were aware of the different screening methods of breast cancer. The percentage of pharmacists who has performed breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE), and mammography was 46.6%, 16.5%, and 5.4%, respectively. The most common reason for the lack of BSE and CBE performance was the absence of breast symptoms. Not being at the age recommended for mammography was the most common reason for not undergoing this screening method. Knowledge and practice of screening methods were influenced by age, years of experience, geographic region, personal history of breast cancer, and educational level among community pharmacists. Conclusions. This study revealed some gaps in the knowledge of breast cancer among female community pharmacists. The practice of the different screening methods was suboptimal, and variable reasons were indicated for the low uptake of these screening methods. Community pharmacists need to practice preventive behaviors to a satisfactory level to encourage women in the community to adopt similar behavior.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Perception about Risk Factors and Symptoms of Cervical Cancer in Female Teachers of Government and Private Schools of Chandigarh

Healthline ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Aprajita Singla ◽  
N K Goel ◽  
Suman Mor ◽  
Meenu Kalia
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Government School ◽  
Highly Educated

Introduction: Cervical cancer ranks as the 2nd most frequent cancer among women in India after Breast Cancer. School Teachers constitute important stakeholder position in the society. The knowledge about cancer cervix is beneficial for them and also to the children they teach. Objective:To assess and compare the knowledge about Cervical Cancer, its risk factors, symptoms and signs prevailing in Female School Teachers of Government & Private Schools in the area of Chandigarh. Method: A Cross-sectional study using multistage random sampling was conducted among Female School Teachers. City was divided in to 4 quadrants, 1 private and 1 Government school was randomly selected from each quadrant. From each quadrant 50 participants were taken in the study. Interview of 202 teachers were conducted through predesigned and pretested questionnaire during February to April 2018. Results: Unawareness about risk factors for cervical cancer was found in 79% of respondents. On asking about risk factors for Cervical Cancer, 8% of participants mentioned that infertility, heredity, use of sanitary pads and depression leads to cervical cancer which shows myths prevailing in community. Awareness about signs and symptoms of Cervical Cancer was found only in 37% respondents. Only 23.8% of Government School Teachers and 37.6% of Private School Teachers were aware about association of HPVwith Cervical Cancer. Conclusion: Low Levels of Awareness about Cervical Cancer was found in the study even in highly educated group of School Teachers belonging to Chandigarh.

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