Staying True to Our PBS Roots in a Changing World

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Kincaid
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Behavior Support ◽  
The Past ◽  
Service Programs ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Social Service Programs

The field of Positive Behavior Support (PBS) has grown and changed significantly in the past 25 years and should be expected to continue that trend for the next 25 years. These changes cannot always be predicted, but they can be managed by considering some current changes to the definition of PBS (Kincaid et al., 2016). This paper discussed how PBS can remain close to its empirical and philosophical roots by attending to five key features that include (a) research-based assessment, intervention, and data-based decision making; (b) building social and other functional competencies, creating supportive contexts, and preventing the occurrence of problem behaviors; (c) being respectful of a person’s (or group’s) dignity and overall well-being; (d) being open to data from a variety of fields and evidence-based procedures; and (e) application within a multi-tiered framework at the level of the individual and the level of the larger systems (e.g., families, classrooms, schools, social service programs, and facilities). The paper also considers some strategies for keeping the critical components of PBS in the minds of researchers and readers.

Temporal Focus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbie J. Shipp
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Future ◽  
Behavior Based ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Temporal Focus

Temporal focus is the individual tendency to characteristically think more or less about the past, present, and future. Although originally rooted in early work from psychology, research on temporal focus has been steadily growing in a number of research areas, particularly since Zimbardo and Boyd’s (1999) influential article on the topic. This chapter will review temporal focus research from the past to the present, including how temporal focus has been conceptualized and measured, and which correlates and outcomes have been tested in terms of well-being and behavior. Based on this review, an agenda for research is created to direct temporal focus research in the future.

The identity of the Kyrgyz: a historical and social study (Part 1)

2021 ◽  
pp. 380-389
Author(s):  
ŞENGÜL ÇEBİ İSRA
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Social Study ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
Cultural Discourses ◽  
Common Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Heritage ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Identity is the expression of an individual's self-definition and self-positioning. It gives the answer to who a person is and what his worldview is. It is the definition of being and belonging. It is the explanation of what the individual is, both socially and psychologically. It is clear that identity, which is the focus of our research, is a concept related to belonging, what we have in common with some people and what differentiates a person from others. Based on this definition, it can be stated that identity is characterized by sharing certain things and, on the basis of these common points, a person is differentiated from other groups of people and approaches a group to which he feels belonging. In this understanding, identity is determined not by the norms that characterize the culture of a particular period, but by the existence of a community of people who share a common heritage, such as language and history: “… our identities reflect common historical experiences and common cultural codes that provide us as «a people» with stable, unchanging and permanent frames of reference and meaning under the changing distinctions and changes of our true history.» Accordingly, we can define the Kyrgyz identity through «a common culture, a common history and a kind of collective real identity shared by all members of the clan». However, the Kyrgyz identity accepts cultural identity as a reality belonging to both the future and the past. In this direction, the Kyrgyz identity is a positioning formed within the framework of historical and cultural discourses. In the light of this information, in this study, we will reveal the historical roots of the Kyrgyz identity.

scholarly journals THE NATURE OF SYMPTOMS: FLUCTUATION OR RESPONSIBILITY AND FREEDOM INTERNALLY OF CHOICE

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Svitlana Kalishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Existential Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Concepts ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Symptom Formation

The paper raises the issue of exacerbation of psychological problems caused by the political and economic environment, which creates a general social tension and becomes a background that exacerbates the existential problems of the individual. That's why author emphasizes on a particular need for the development of therapeutic direction and a detailed and well-grounded development of therapeutic concepts. It creates ways of an effective solve of current problems of psychological health and well-being of the person. The article explained the conceptual provisions of the establishment, operation and therapeutic work with the symptom. The main characteristics, structure and overall symptom phenomenological expanse from the standpoint of the existential approach of the theory of system solutions and system modeling. Psychological functions of a symptom are considered. Issues of operationalization of a symptom and definition of conceptual provisions of its formation are solved . Basic rules of interpretation of a symptom and interpretation of the concept are described in terms of several approaches. The conceptual provisions of symptom formation that allow to include it in psycho-corrective methods are considered in detail. The methods of the existential-systemic technological approach for providing psychological assistance to the client are analyzed and empirically tested, providing dynamic changes in the content of the "picture of the world" of clients in the cognitive and ontological plans. According to the empirical study, psychosomatic, emotional and behavioral symptoms were presented. It has been shown that symptoms with different specificities have unchanging constituents and functions. It also has been shown that applying an existential approach helps the symptomatic client to produce a new, better reality that will take into account the actual needs and aspirations of the subject. Thus, the main task, which is directed and work with the symptom – is the person's approach to himself/herself, greater sensitivity to his own real existential aspirations.

Feeling Good by Doing Good

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Mruk
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Authentic Self ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
New Evidence

Feeling Good by Doing Good: A Guide to Authentic Self-Esteem presents a new evidence-based approach to defining, understanding, and increasing self-esteem. The book translates decades of the author’s research and writing in the fields of self-esteem, positive psychology, and psychotherapy into everyday language. Its power comes from tracing the definition of self-esteem back to its very first use, which is based on doing that which is both just and right. Seen this way, self-esteem is not merely feeling good about oneself. Rather, it comes from actually doing something to earn that experience. In addition to distinguishing between low, defensive, and authentic self-esteem, the book helps readers consider the connections between self-esteem and positive psychology in regard to such topics as self-control, how self-esteem operates in domains of life such as school or work, how self-esteem acts as a compass to help us make healthier choices, practical suggestions to increase authentic self-esteem, and the connection between authentic self-esteem, relationships, and well-being. The words, diagrams, and activities in the book are written so that it can be used by clinicians, their clients, and intelligent general readers interested substance as well as practical applications.

scholarly journals Advancing Behavioral Health Literacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Scollione
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Behavioral Health Care ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Accessing, comprehending, and using information to make informed decisions and improve one’s overall health or well-being are the foci of health literacy. The concept of behavioral health was introduced in the early 1980s and, since then, it has influenced new ideas (e.g., behavioral health literacy and integrated behavioral health care) and gained research and public attention. My aim is to provide an overview of definitions (i.e., health literacy, mental health literacy, and behavioral health literacy) and their connection to each other. I propose an expanded and honed definition of behavioral health literacy to enhance the behavioral health literacy and well-being of the individual as well as the community, with the hope of reducing both physical and behavioral negative health conditions and improving overall quality of life for all people.

scholarly journals Halal entrepreneurship from Maqasid-al-Sharia’h perspective: inseparable concept for Halalpreneurs

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Abdullah ◽  
M.S.E. Azam
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conference Papers

Entrepreneurship has become one of the vital activities for economic development. It is synonymous with job creation, innovation, improvement in the societal well-being and economic growth in developed and developing countries alike. There is great interest in entrepreneurship globally as well as in Malaysia. Over the past few years, many individuals, as well as families, are actively engaged with the small business. Also, in light of the 2013 GEM study, 12.7% of Americans are effectively occupied with beginning a business or are the proprietor/director of a business that is under three years of age. Simultaneously, the Halal industry, that represents the global Islamic economy, is the fastest-growing market in the world with $2.3 trillion market value. Halal entrepreneurs (Halalpreneurs) are the major contributors to this achievement as they constitute a significant portion of the total establishment in most of the Muslim countries. That is the reason Entrepreneurship has turned into a conventional term that depicts a wide range of practices that include being innovative, devilish and tricky. Entrepreneurship has been defined by many scholars, researchers, industry players, and academicians globally which have also been perceived in the same way by most of the economies around the world. However, the Islamic economy looks at the concept of ‘entrepreneurship’ in a different way and perceives it as ‘Halalpreneurship’. To define entrepreneurship in the halal industry, although, the term ‘Halalpreneurship’ is being used, surprisingly the term has not been defined properly yet. It is essential for the Muslim entrepreneurs to have a proper understanding of Halalpreneurship from Maqasid-al-Shariah perspective. Such point of view is crucial to justify the term in the Halal industry and differentiate from conventional entrepreneurs. On this context, this paper provides concept and definition of Halalpreneurship justifying from the perspective of Maqasid-al-Sharia’h. It also identifies the differences between Halalpreneurs and entrepreneurs using secondary resources available in the forms of literature, research papers, journal papers, articles, conference papers, online publications, etc. The findings of the study will clarify the concept of Halalpreneurship from Maqasid-al-Sharia’h perspective and recognize Halalpreneurs distinguished from conventional entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Well-being, capabilities and philosophical practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Bulatovic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Philosophical Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
Unique Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Assess Quality

The concept of well being has become the main criterion to assess quality of life in contemporary society. Individual well-being describes the individual quality of life, while social well-being refers to quality of life in a society. Given that well-being has a multitude of dimensions, a unique definition of it is elusive to scholars. In this article social well-being is conceptualised as a dynamic process within the context set by social integration as one?s relationship to society and the community. This includes the quality of interaction between the individual and society and one?s ?social actualisation? understood as the realisation of one?s social capacities. Social actualisation also involves one?s ability to influence social processes and to benefit from social cohesion, which consists, in any society, of the quality, organisation and functioning of the social world. Hence the ability to impact society is an integral part of individual well being. This paper suggests that philosophical practice as a new paradigm in the humanities holds out promise for the improvement of both individual and social well-being.

Comorbidity of Depression and Conduct Disorder

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah M. Capaldi ◽  
Hyoun K. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gender Similarities ◽  
The Individual

Both depression and conduct disorders are relatively prevalent and are related to poor long-term outcomes. Despite being characterized by very different symptoms, it is well established that these two disorders co-occur at higher rates than expected by chance, resulting in poorer adjustment for the individual than would result from either problem alone. The termcomorbidityis usually reserved to refer to the association of diagnosed disorders, whereasco-occurrencerefers more broadly to the association of levels of symptoms of conduct problems and depression, which are usually calculated with means or possibly symptoms counts. In the past two decades, researchers have focused particularly on the following issues regarding the comorbidity of depression and conduct disorder: (1) possible causal associations of the two problem behaviors (i.e., do depressive disorders tend to onset after conduct disorders or vice versa); (2) theory regarding causes of the association (i.e., common versus unique risk factors for these two problem behaviors); (3) changes across development (i.e., with age); (4) risks from diagnosed disorders versus symptoms that do not reach diagnostic criteria; (5) outcomes or prognosis (e.g., are outcomes more severe for co-occurring problems than for either problem alone, are there distinct patterns of outcomes associated with co-occurring problems). Within each of these areas there is considerable interest in moderation of effects by gender or gender similarities and differences. This chapter reviews findings pertaining to these issues and presents suggestions for future research. In addition, assessment approaches and clinical implications are discussed.

Towards a Standardized Definition of Medical Nutrition Therapy and Regulatory Reform in Canada

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Justine R Keathley ◽  
Amélie Arbour ◽  
Marie-Claude Vohl
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Reform ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Nutrition Information ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medical Nutrition Therapy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legislative Amendments ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Medical Nutrition

Various definitions have been proposed to describe Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT). Broadly, MNT encompasses the provision of nutrition information and advice aimed to prevent, treat, and/or manage health conditions. In Canada, the provision of such information and advice is unregulated, thus allowing anyone to provide MNT services regardless of their education and training. This inevitably poses risks of harm such as the provision of unsafe and/or ineffective nutrition advice as well as delayed evidence-based treatment. Canadian research has further demonstrated that the general public is unable to properly differentiate between regulated, evidence-based nutrition providers (registered dietitians) and those who are unregulated. Therefore, the public is at risk. To reduce nutrition misinformation and ultimately improve the health and well-being of the public, the objective of this paper is, first, to propose a standardized definition of MNT for use across Canada and, second, to propose province- and territory-specific legislative amendments for the regulation of MNT throughout the country. We also present an opposing perspective to the proposed viewpoint. Ultimately, health care regulation across the country requires an overhaul before we expect that nutrition information and advice communicated to the public may be consistently evidence based.

scholarly journals N-of-1 Trials: Evidence-Based Clinical Care or Medical Research that Requires IRB Approval? A Practical Flowchart Based on an Ethical Framework

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bas C. Stunnenberg ◽  
Jaap Deinum ◽  
Tom Nijenhuis ◽  
Frans Huysmans ◽  
Gert Jan van der Wilt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Individual Patient Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Individual

N-of-1 trials can provide high-class evidence on drug treatment effectiveness at the individual patient level and have been given renewed interest over the past decade due to improvements of the initial single patient design. Despite these recent developments, there is still no consensus under what circumstances N-of-1 trials should be considered as part of evidence-based clinical care and when they represent medical research with need for institutional review board (IRB) approval. This lack of consensus forms an obstacle for a more widespread implementation of N-of-1 trials. Based upon the existing literature, we as a group of researchers involved in N-of-1 trials and members of the IRB of a tertiary academic referral center, designed a practical flowchart based on an ethical framework to help make this distinction. The ethical framework together with a practical flowchart are presented in this communication.

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