Assessment of treatment outcomes in hyperthyroid cats treated with an orally administered fixed dose of radioiodine

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 744-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Yu ◽  
Lauren Lacorcia ◽  
Sue Finch ◽  
Thurid Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Thyroxine ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives The aims of this study were to describe the treatment outcomes following oral administration of a fixed dose (138 MBq; 3.7 mCi) of radioiodine in hyperthyroid cats and to examine the correlation between total thyroxine (TT4) concentrations before and after treatment. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study that documented the TT4 concentration and clinicopathological parameters at the time of diagnosis and after treatment. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between TT4 concentrations before and after treatment. The difference in pre- and post-treatment variables between cats that had TT4 concentrations below or within the reference interval (RI) was compared by the Mann–Whitney U-test. Results Of 161 cats, 133 (82.6%) cats had TT4 concentrations within the RI, four (2.5%) cats had TT4 concentrations above the RI and 24 (14.9%) cats had TT4 concentrations below the RI after treatment. The severity of hyperthyroidism at diagnosis, as measured by the percentage of TT4 elevation above the upper limit of the RI, had no impact on the odds of cats having low TT4 concentrations after treatment (odds ratio 1.00; 95% confidence interval 0.96–1.05; P = 0.828). Conclusions and relevance When using an orally administered fixed dose of radioiodine for the treatment of feline hyperthyroidism, TT4 concentrations at diagnosis cannot be used to predict TT4 concentrations after treatment. The proportion of cats with TT4 concentrations below the lower limit of the RI after treatment was 14.9%. Further work is required to optimise oral radioiodine dosing to achieve maximal euthyroid outcomes.

scholarly journals Optimizing laboratory defined macroprolactin algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-351
Author(s):  
Milica Šostarić ◽  
Adriana Bokulić ◽  
Domagoj Marijančević ◽  
Ivana Zec
Keyword(s):  
Reference Interval ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Absolute Bias ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Peg Precipitation Method

Introduction: Macroprolactinaemia is a well-known analytical problem in diagnostics of hyperprolactinaemia usually detected with polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation method. Since there is no harmonization in macroprolactin detection and reporting results, this study proposes and evaluates the usefulness of in-house developed algorithm. The aims were to determine the most suitable way of reporting results after PEG treatment and the possibilities of rationalizing the precipitation procedure. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study based on extracted data for 1136 patients. Prolactin concentrations were measured before and after PEG precipitation on Roche cobas e601. Macroprolactinaemia was defined by percentage recovery and post-PEG prolactin concentrations. Results: Prevalence of macroprolactinaemia using recovery criteria of ≤ 40%, ≤ 60%, and post-PEG prolactin concentrations was 3.3%, 8.8% and 7.8%, respectively. Raising the cut-off value from the upper limit of the manufacturer’s reference interval to 32.9 μg/L does not drastically change detected macroprolactinaemia with recovery criteria. Post-PEG prolactin concentrations showed more than half of the patients with macroprolactinaemia would be overlooked. Regardless of the criteria, a cut-off of 47.0 μg/L would miss most of the macroprolactinaemic patients. Repeated recovery measurements of follow-up patients showed there is a significant difference with mean absolute bias of 9%. Conclusions: Post-PEG prolactin concentration with corresponding reference interval is the most suitable way of reporting results. All samples with prolactin concentration above the upper limit of the manufacturer’s reference interval should be submitted to PEG precipitation. Follow-up period could be prolonged since the difference between the recoveries of repeated measurements is not clinically significant.

Klein with Lacan: A Study on the Reception of Lacanian Ideas in Uruguay and Its Effects on Clinical Practices (1955–82)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-361
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Grau-Pérez ◽  
J. Guillermo Milán
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Discursive Approach ◽  
The Way ◽  
Clinical Cases

In Uruguay, Lacanian ideas arrived in the 1960s, into a context of Kleinian hegemony. Adopting a discursive approach, this study researched the initial reception of these ideas and its effects on clinical practices. We gathered a corpus of discursive data from clinical cases and theoretical-doctrinal articles (from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s). In order to examine the effects of Lacanian ideas, we analysed the difference in the way of interpreting the clinical material before and after Lacan's reception. The results of this research illuminate some epistemological problems of psychoanalysis, especially the relationship between theory and clinical practice.

Effects of initial length on intrinsic tone in guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (6) ◽  
pp. L1026-L1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Bard ◽  
Sergio Salmeron ◽  
Catherine Coirault ◽  
Francois-Xavier Blanc ◽  
Yves Lecarpentier
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Tracheal Smooth Muscle ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Active Nature ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Resting Tone ◽  
The Relationship

In the guinea pig, tracheal smooth muscle (TSM) exhibits intrinsic tone (IT). The active nature of IT suggests that it could be influenced by muscle length and load. In the guinea pig, IT is entirely suppressed by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. IT could be measured as the difference between resting tone before and after indomethacin addition. We examined, in electrically stimulated TSM strips ( n= 9), the influence of initial muscle length ( L i) on IT, the relationship between IT and the maximum extent of relaxation (ΔF1), and the influence of indomethacin on active isometric force. When L i decreased from 100 to 75% of optimal L i, there was a significant decrease in IT (from 12.0 ± 0.2 to 5.3 ± 0.1 mN; P < 0.001). Over the range of L i studied, ΔF1 underestimated the amount of IT, but there was a close linear relationship between ΔF1 and IT ( r = 0.9). Compared with the basal state, indomethacin increased active isometric force (from 9.5 ± 1.0 to 19.7 ± 2.0 mN at optimal L i; P < 0.001) and induced its length dependency. In guinea pig TSM, L i was an important determinant of IT.

Changes in Teat Morphology (Doka Phenomenon) and Estrus Prediction in Riverine Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S K Joshi ◽  
T K Mohanty ◽  
A Kumaresan ◽  
M Bhakat ◽  
S Sathapathy
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
North India ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Murrah Buffaloes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of the study was to characterize the term Doka and to capture morphological changes in teat to find out the relationship between Doka and onset of estrus in Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). The Murrah buffaloes maintained at of Livestock Research Centre (LRC), ICAR-NDRI, Karnal were classified into two groups based on the lactation number for the study of Doka characteristics. In group I, twenty animals up to 3rd lactation were incorporated, whereas thirty animals from 4th to 5th lactation were included in group II. The period when buffaloes showed teat engorgement was called as Doka period, is the local term used by the farmers in North India that can be taken as a visual sign for prediction of estrus. The length and diameter of teats, before and after milking were measured, for both the groups during morning and evening milking and subsequently analyzed. The present study confirmed that the teat diameter (mm) before milking during Doka was significantly (plessthan0.05) higher as compared to pre Doka period in both the groups (group-I - 37.01 ±2.13 vs 28.42 ±1.64, group-II - 53.49 ±2.82 vs 41.096±2.16). The teat diameter (mm) during Doka period after milking was significantly (plessthan0.05) more in both the groups (group-I - 26.65 ±1.26 vs 24.44 ±1.16, group-II - 39.27 ±2.41 vs 35.31 ±2.17) as compared to pre Doka period. So, it can be concluded that the changes in teat diameter can safely be considered as a sign of Doka and the forthcoming heat in Murrah buffaloes. However, the difference in teat length between different stages of Doka was found to be non significant.

scholarly journals Nuisance Effects and the Limitations of Nuisance Regression in Dynamic Functional Connectivity fMRI

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alican Nalci ◽  
Bhaskar D. Rao ◽  
Thomas T. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Temporal Fluctuations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Time Courses ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn resting-state fMRI, dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) measures are used to characterize temporal changes in the brain’s intrinsic functional connectivity. A widely used approach for DFC estimation is the computation of the sliding window correlation between blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signals from different brain regions. Although the source of temporal fluctuations in DFC estimates remains largely unknown, there is growing evidence that they may reflect dynamic shifts between functional brain networks. At the same time, recent findings suggest that DFC estimates might be prone to the influence of nuisance factors such as the physiological modulation of the BOLD signal. Therefore, nuisance regression is used in many DFC studies to regress out the effects of nuisance terms prior to the computation of DFC estimates. In this work we examined the relationship between DFC estimates and nuisance factors. We found that DFC estimates were significantly correlated with temporal fluctuations in the magnitude (norm) of various nuisance regressors, with significant correlations observed in the majority (76%) of the cases examined. Significant correlations between the DFC estimates and nuisance regressor norms were found even when the underlying correlations between the nuisance and fMRI time courses were relatively small. We then show that nuisance regression does not eliminate the relationship between DFC estimates and nuisance norms, with significant correlations observed in the majority (71%) of the cases examined after nuisance regression. We present theoretical bounds on the difference between DFC estimates obtained before and after nuisance regression and relate these bounds to limitations in the efficacy of nuisance regression with regards to DFC estimates.

Daily and school physical activity of 16 year-old girls and boys

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Dorota Groffik ◽  
Karel Frömel ◽  
Marta Witek-Chabińska ◽  
Rafał Szyja ◽  
Radim Žatka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
After School ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Before School ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Active Locomotion

The aim of the work was to determine the relationship between school and all-day physical activity of 16-year-old girls and boys based on weekly monitoring using pedometers. The research also took into account the level of all-day physical activity of less and more active pupils before school classes. 169 people were examined, including 93 girls and 76 boys from secondary schools of the Silesian region. The subjects wore a pedometer for 5 school days, recording the number of steps performed in individual segments of the day (time before classes at school, during classes at school and time after completing classes at school) in specially prepared tables. The research results indicated that girls are more active in terms of the number of steps taken on school days from boys. Girls and boys meet the recommendation of the school number of steps in the dimension of 3 000. However, the difference in physical activity was observed, considering the division of respondents into less and more active in time before school classes. Students who are less active in terms of the number of steps taken before the start of classes at school do not meet the recommended school recommendation of physical activity. It is necessary to look for reserves of physical activity throughout the day. In addition to physical education lessons, the school should promote activity during breaks, mid-term exercises or encourage active locomotion before and after school classes. Encouraging an increased number of walks, active transport to/from school, cycling, roller skating among children and adolescents is an important element in the preparation for lifelong activity and a healthy lifestyle.

scholarly journals Quantifying Self-Report Measures' Overestimation of Mobility Scores Postarthroplasty

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1288-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Stratford ◽  
Deborah M. Kennedy ◽  
Monica R. Maly ◽  
Norma J. MacIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Background Self-reports of function may systematically overestimate the ability of patients to move around postarthroplasty. Objective The purpose of this study was to estimate the magnitude of systematic differences in Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index physical function subscale (WOMAC-PF) scores before and after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA) by referencing the values to Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) distances and Timed “Up & Go” Test (TUG) times. Design This study was a secondary analysis of data from a prospective cohort study. Methods The LEFS, WOMAC, 6MWT, and TUG were administered to 85 patients prearthroplasty and once at 9 to 13 weeks postarthroplasty. Regression analysis was applied using a robust error term for clustered data. With the self-report measures as dependent variables and performance measures, occasion (prearthroplasty or postarthroplasty), and performance measure-by-occasion as independent variables, 3 propositions were examined: (1) the relationship between self-report and performance measures is identical prearthroplasty and postarthroplasty (ie, regression lines are coincident); (2) the relationship differs between occasions, but is consistent (ie, regression lines are parallel); (3) the relationship is not consistent (ie, the regression lines are not parallel). Results For all analyses, the results supported the second proposition (ie, the relationship differed between occasions, but was consistent). The systematic differences varied by location of arthroplasty, but were similar for both performance tests. For the LEFS, the difference was approximately 11 points for patients who received TKA and 13 points for patients who received THA. For the WOMAC-PF, the difference was approximately 12 points for patients who received TKA and 19 points for patients who received THA. These differences exceed the minimal clinically important change for an individual patient. Limitations The findings are specific to 9 to 13 weeks postarthroplasty. Conclusion Dependence on scores of self-report measures alone, without knowledge of the magnitude of the identified systematic differences, will result in overestimating the ability of patients to move around postarthroplasty.

Recovery of binocular function in kitten visual cortex

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1336-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. B. Levitt ◽  
R. C. Van Sluyters
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Cortical Input ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
The Relationship

1. This paper describes the results of an experiment designed to examine the ability of cells in the kitten's visual cortex to regain functional binocular connections following exposure to a brief period of visual deprivation. 2. Normal 4-wk-old kittens were exposed to a total of 12 h of optically induced strabismus over a period of 2 days, and single-unit recordings made the following day indicated that the proportion of striate cortex cells with binocular receptive fields had decreased sharply as a result of this episode of strabismic vision. 3. When these kittens were revived and allowed to experience a recovery period of normal binocular vision lasting either 3 or 7 wk, cortical binocularity returned to a normal level. 4. Statistical analysis revealed that the difference in the level of binocularity observed before and after the period of binocular recovery was highly significant, and comparison of the results from kittens allowed only a 3-wk recovery period with those from kittens allowed a 7-wk period indicated that a similar level of recovery was obtained in each group. 5. Histological reconstruction of electrode penetrations indicated that the recovery of binocular receptive fields occurred uniformly across all cortical laminae. 6. These data are discussed in terms of the results from previous recovery experiments, the relationship between cortical binocularity and the ability to maintain binocular fixation, and the possibility that subliminal cortical input plays a role in the recovery of functional binocular cells.

scholarly journals Relationship between vitamin D status and leukocytes in hospitalised cats

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen F Titmarsh ◽  
Jennifer A Cartwright ◽  
Scott Kilpatrick ◽  
Donna Gaylor ◽  
Elspeth M Milne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Lower Vitamin

Objectives Vitamin D deficiency, as assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations, has been linked to markers of systemic inflammation in human and canine medicine. However, the relationship between vitamin D status and inflammation has not been previously investigated in cats. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and leukocyte counts in hospitalised sick cats. Methods Serum 25(OH)D concentrations and haematology profiles were measured in 170 consecutive hospitalised sick cats. A binary logistical regression model examined the relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentration, age, sex, breed and neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil and lymphocyte counts. Results Cats with neutrophilia had lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations than cats with neutrophil concentrations below the upper limit of the reference interval (RI). There were no differences in serum 25(OH)D concentrations in cats with monocyte, lymphocyte or eosinophil counts above their respective RI compared with cats with counts below the upper limit of the RI. Conclusions and relevance Hospitalised cats with a neutrophil count above the RI had lower vitamin D status. There is a need to establish whether lower vitamin D status is a cause or consequence of increased neutrophil counts.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Hepatic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Clinicopathological Parameters in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Zhijia Zhou ◽  
Penghua Lai ◽  
Shaoliang Zhang ◽  
Yujie Wang ◽  
Ning Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells ◽  
Liver Inflammation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have attracted attention due to their important role in inflammation. Several studies have investigated the involvement of MDSCs in chronic liver disease. However, due to the difference of MDSC phenotypes, patient types, and sample sources among the studies, the results are inconsistent and controversial. We took advantage of a large well-defined cohort of 98 (24 patients with CHB, 18 with NAFLD, 13 with HCC, 16 with PBC, and 27 with AIH) patients with liver inflammation and 12 healthy controls to investigate the expression of MDSCs, and the relationships between the expression of hepatic MDSCs and the clinical characteristics were analyzed. We found that the expression of CD11b+CD33+ MDSCs is closely related to chronic liver disease and positively correlated with clinical parameters such as ALT, AST, and globulin. Ultimately, the present study suggests that hepatic CD11b+CD33+ MDSCs are increased in HCC and AIH and positively correlate with the liver stages of hepatitis activity and liver fibrosis stage.

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