scholarly journals Sleeping with the enemy: Audience studies and critical literacy

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joke Hermes ◽  
Annika van den Berg ◽  
Marloes Mol
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Critical Literacy ◽  
Affect Theory ◽  
Cultural Citizenship ◽  
Cultural Literacy ◽  
Audience Studies ◽  
Meaning Production ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Relations Of Power

Audience studies is not the vibrant field it was in its 1980s and early 1990s heyday. Cultural studies today has a more balanced interest in production, audiences and texts. A renewed focus in audience studies on everyday meaning production, identity and relations of power could benefit from recent developments. Theorization of power especially has benefited from recent work on governmentality. In accord with recent work on ‘affect’, there is an opportunity for renewed vitality and urgency. Was audience studies damaged beyond repair by the charge that it is a populist field that celebrates rather than interrogates everyday media culture? Could a concept such as cultural literacy provide a bridge to help re-establish the critical credibility of audience studies or would it burden this field with its implied notions of standards, distinction and cultural exclusion? The article discusses recent work with youth audiences to inquire into the possibilities of ‘critical literacy’. It proposes taking up questions and insights raised by affect theory, to merge appreciation, criticism and understanding of the forces that drive (the possibility of) change, and to embed critical literacy in cultural studies’ ongoing interest in the construction of (cultural) citizenship.

Revisiting Spivak’s “Can the Subaltern Speak” through the lens of affect theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalinos Zembylas
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Affect Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Liberal Culture ◽  
Lauren Berlant ◽  
Theoretical Developments

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to revisit Spivak’s seminal essay “Can the Subaltern Speak” and the perennial challenges of researchers to collect information about the Other, focusing on the recent developments in affect theory.Design/methodology/approachThe paper brings into the conversation the recent work on affect and sentimentality by Lauren Berlant with Spivak’s claims in the essay concerning the representation of the subaltern by scholars and researchers. The paper draws on Berlant’s work to trouble the liberal culture of “true feeling” as well as the liberal subject implied in Spivak’s essay as a subject who is “actively speaking.”FindingsRecent theoretical developments on the affect theory make an important intervention to the perennial methodological tensions about representation, ontology and epistemology – as raised by Spivak and others over the years – and inspire new ways of thinking with the tools of doing qualitative research.Originality/valueBringing into the conversation, the affect theory and Spivak’s iconic essay have important methodological implications for qualitative research.

Recent Developments in the Evolution of Morphologies and Controllers for Physically Simulated Creatures

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Taylor ◽  
Colm Massey
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Parallel Computer ◽  
Connection Machine ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Body Shapes

Karl Sims' work [25, 26] on evolving body shapes and controllers for three-dimensional, physically simulated creatures generated wide interest on its publication in 1994. The purpose of this article is threefold: (a) to highlight a spate of recent work by a number of researchers in replicating, and in some cases extending, Sims' results using standard PCs (Sims' original work was done on a Connection Machine CM-5 parallel computer). In particular, a re-implementation of Sims' work by the authors will be described and discussed; (b) to illustrate how off-the-shelf physics engines can be used in this sort of work, and also to highlight some deficiencies of these engines and pitfalls when using them; and (c) to indicate how these recent studies stand in respect to Sims' original work.

Rhetoric and Critical Cultural Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Sloop
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
Affect Theory ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Media Ecology ◽  
The Political ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Culture Study ◽  
Broad Area ◽  
The U.S

While each term denoting the area of “Rhetoric and Critical/Cultural Studies” denotes a broad area of academic study on its own, there are numerous to contain or capture a specific area of study. Regardless of how it gets cordoned off, the area is defined by similar themes. In one sense, the area now going under this banner begins with the march of British cultural studies (especially, the so-called Birmingham School under Stuart Hall’s leadership) into the U.S. academic discussion that began in the 1970s. As this particular study of culture found its way into communication studies departments across the country, many scholars emerging from their graduate programs were shaping the area of rhetoric and critical/cultural scholars in the very act of researching the ways meanings/ideology were constrained and enabled by the operation of the entire circuit of meaning (i.e., production, consumption, representation, identity, and regulation). As the critical/culture study of rhetoric and communication has grown, several themes have emerged: (a) the study of ideological and discursive constraints (often linked to a critique of neoliberalism); (b) the study of media ecology and its way of shaping meaning; (c) studies focusing on reception/agency/resistance; (d) studies concerning materialism and the ways communication is altered by the political economy; (e) studies based in performativity; and (f) studies based in affect theory. In general, regardless of the orientation, these studies are concerned with issues of power and action around intersectional axes such as gender, race, class, sexuality, ethnicity, class, and nationality.

scholarly journals Public Legal Education Podcasting for Newcomers in Ontario: Affective Interventions in Participatory Action Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meera Govindasamy
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Affect Theory ◽  
Cultural Citizenship ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
Legal Advice ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Improve Access

Due to the high cost of legal advice, language barriers, and other matters of social inequality, newcomers to Canada often have difficulty accessing legal information and resolving their legal problems. My Participatory Action Research (PAR) project aims to better understand the barriers newcomers face to accessing their legal rights, as well as to improve access to workers’ and tenants’ rights through the creation of Rights Bites, a legal rights audio podcast. Each podcast episode features interviews with newcomers, community workers, and lawyers, who share personal experiences and practical legal rights information about common housing and employment law problems. By applying affect theory as a lens for examining the podcast interviews, as well as the PAR process more broadly I argue that the complex expressions of anger, fear, distress, and pleasure displayed by my immigrant interviewees is a form of cultural citizenship, which reimagines belonging as a contested and ongoing project.

Cryptorchidism

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 317-319
Author(s):  
Terry D. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Therapy ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Mechanical Problem ◽  
Hormonal Stimulation ◽  
Bilateral Disease ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Unilateral Cryptorchidism

Recent developments, particularly in the field of endocrinology, have substantially altered many conventional concepts about descended testis. The disease can no longer be viewed solely as a mechanical problem in descent, and there is an increasingly greater emphasis being placed upon the early resolution of the disorder in an effort to maximize ultimate testicular function. In this brief review, some of the controversies and current philosophies regarding this subject are explored. THE ENDOCRINOLOGIC QUESTION Although etiologic considerations in cryptorchidism have always included the possibility of inadequate hormonal stimulation, this concept has generally been overshadowed by one that emphasizes mechanical impediment to descent. This viewpoint seemed justified by the fact that endocrine therapy had never yielded more than modest results and by the feeling that it was difficult to account for unilateral cryptorchidism on the basis of a generalized endocrinopathy. After all, "if inadequate hormonal stimulation were the cause of maldescent of one testis, why did the other one descend?" The recent work of Job and associates in Paris, however, has shattered many of these arguments with the revelation that endocrine abnormalities can indeed be identified in patients with cryptorchidism and that furthermore these abnormalities canbe identified in patients with unilateral cryptorchidism as well as in those with bilateral disease.

Computational Pragmatics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Bunt
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Corpus Construction ◽  
Dialogue Acts ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Dialogue Modeling ◽  
Context Of Use ◽  
Utterance Interpretation

This chapter presents a characterisation of the field of computational pragmatics, discusses some of the fundamental issues in the field, and provides a survey of recent developments. Central to computational pragmatics is the development and use of computational tools and models for studying the relations between utterances and their context of use. Essential for understanding these relations are the use of inference and the description of language use as actions inspired by the context, and intended to influence the context. The chapter therefore focuses on recent work in the use of inference for utterance interpretation and in dialogue modeling in terms of dialogue acts, viewed as context-changing actions. The chapter concludes with a survey of recent activities concerning the construction and use of resources in computational pragmatics, in particular annotation schemes, annotated corpora, and tools for corpus construction and use.

The Oxford Encyclopedia of Communication and Critical Cultural Studies

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Critical Pedagogy ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
Subaltern Studies ◽  
Rhetorical Construction ◽  
Audience Studies ◽  
Commodity Culture ◽  
Homi Bhabha ◽  
Angela Davis ◽  
Raymond Williams

106 scholarly articles This is a compendium of touchstone articles by prominent communication, rhetorical, and cultural studies scholars about topics of interest to scholars and critics of popular and political culture. Articles provide authoritative surveys of concepts such as rhetorical construction of bodies, Marxist, feminist, and poststructuralist traditions, materialisms, social movements, race and anti-racist critique, whiteness, surveillance and security, visual communication, globalization, social media and digital communication/cyberculture, performance studies, the “post-human” turn, critical organizational communication, public memory, gaming, cultural industries, colonialism and postcolonialism, The Birmingham and Frankfurt Schools, commodity culture, critical health culture studies, nation and identity, public spheres, psychoanalytic theory and methods, affect theory, anti-Semitism, queer studies, critical argumentation studies, diaspora, development, intersectionality, Islamophobia, subaltern studies, spatial studies, rhetoric and cultural studies, neoliberalism, critical pedagogy, urban studies, deconstruction, audience studies, labor, war, age studies, motherhood studies, popular culture, communication in the Global South, and more. The work also surveys critical thinkers for cultural studies including Stuart Hall, Antonio Gramsci, Jesus Martin Barbero, Angela Davis, Ernesto Laclau, Raymond Williams, Giles Deleuze, Jurgen Habermas, Frantz Fanon, Chandra Mohanty, Gayatri Spivak, Michel Foucault, Louis Althusser, Juan Carlos Rodriguez, Gloria Anzaldua, Paolo Freire, Donna Haraway, Georgio Agamben, Slavoj Zizek, W.E.B. DuBois, Sara Ahmed, Paul Gilroy, Enrique Dussel, Michael Warner, Lauren Berlant, Judith Butler, Jean Baudrillard, Walter Mignolo, Edward Said, Alain Badiou, Homi Bhabha, among others. Each entry is distinguished by lists of key references and suggestions for further reading. The collection is sure to be a vital resource for faculty, graduate students, and undergraduates seeking authoritative overviews of key concepts and people in communication and critical cultural studies.

Marxist Traditions in Cultural Studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Artz
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Relations Of Power

Cultural studies seeks to understand and explain how culture relates to the larger society and draws on social theory, philosophy, history, linguistics, communication, semiotics, media studies, and more to assess and evaluate mass media and everyday cultural practices. Since its inception in 1960s Britain, cultural studies has had recognizable and recurring interactions with Marxism, most clearly in culturalist renderings along a spectrum of tensions with political economy approaches. Marxist traditions and inflections appear in the seminal works of Raymond Williams and E. P. Thompson, work on the culture industry inspired by the Frankfurt School in 1930s Germany, challenges by Stuart Hall and others to the structuralist theories of Louis Althusser, and writings on consciousness and social change by Georg Lukács. Perhaps the most pronounced indication of Marxist influences on cultural studies appears in the multiple and diverse interpretations of Antonio Gramsci’s concept of hegemony. Cultural studies, including critical theory, has been invigorated by Marxism, even as a recurring critique of economic determinism appears in most investigations and analyses of cultural practices. Marxism has no authoritative definition or application. Nonetheless, Marxism insists on materialism as the precondition for human life and development, opposing various idealist conceptions whether religious or philosophical that posit magical, suprahuman interventions that shape humanity or assertions of consciousness, creative genius, or timeless universals that supersede any particular historical conjuncture. Second, Marxism finds material reality, including all forms of human society and culture, to be historical phenomenon. Humans are framed by their conditions, and in turn, have agency to make social changing using material, knowledge, and possibilities within concrete historical conditions. For Marxists, capitalist society can best be historically and materially understood as social relations of production of society based on labor power and capitalist private ownership of the means of production. Wages paid labor are less than the value of goods and services produced. Capitalist withhold their profits from the value of goods and services produced. Such social relations organize individuals and groups into describable and manifest social classes, that are diverse and unstable but have contradictory interests and experiences. To maintain this social order and its rule, capitalists offer material adjustments, political rewards, and cultural activities that complement the social arrangements to maintain and adjust the dominant social order. Thus, for Marxists, ideologies arise in uneasy tandem with social relations of power. Ideas and practices appear and are constructed, distributed, and lived across society. Dominant ideologies parallel and refract conflictual social relations of power. Ideologies attune to transforming existing social relations may express countervailing views, values, and expectations. In sum, Marxist historical materialism finds that culture is a social product, social tool, and social process resulting from the construction and use by social groups with diverse social experiences and identities, including gender, race, social class, and more. Cultures have remarkably contradictory and hybrid elements creatively assembled from materially present social contradictions in unequal societies, ranging from reinforcement to resistance against constantly adjusting social relations of power. Five elements appear in most Marxist renditions on culture: materialism, the primacy of historical conjunctures, labor and social class, ideologies refracting social relations, and social change resulting from competing social and political interests.

Non-planar Boron Lewis Acids Taking the Next Step: Development of Tunable Lewis Acids, Lewis Superacids and Bifunctional Catalysts

Synlett ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (17) ◽  
pp. 1639-1648
Author(s):  
Guillaume Berionni ◽  
Aurélien Chardon ◽  
Arnaud Osi ◽  
Damien Mahaut ◽  
Ali Ben Saida
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Lewis Acids ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Planar Geometry ◽  
Bifunctional Catalysts ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Stereoelectronic Properties ◽  
Planar Group

Although boron Lewis acids commonly adopt a trigonal planar geometry, a number of compounds in which the trivalent boron atom is located in a pyramidal environment have been described. This review will highlight the recent developments of the chemistry and applications of non-planar boron Lewis acids, including a series of non-planar triarylboranes derived from the triptycene core. A thorough analysis of the properties and of the influence of the pyramidalization of boron Lewis acids on their stereoelectronic properties and reactivities is presented based on recent theoretical and experimental studies.1 Non-planar Trialkylboranes2 Non-planar Alkyl and Aryl-Boronates3 Non-planar Triarylboranes and Alkenylboranes3.1 Previous Investigations on Bora Barrelenes and Triptycenes3.2 Recent Work on Boratriptycenes from Our Research Group4 Applications of Non-planar Boranes4.1 Non-planar Alkyl Boranes and Boronates4.2 Non-planar Triarylboranes (Boratriptycenes)5 Other Non-planar Group 13 Lewis Acids6 Further Work and Perspectives

What is EAP? — From Multiple Literacies to a Humanistic Paradigm Shift

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulong Li
Keyword(s):  
Critical Literacy ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Academic Literacy ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Cultural Literacy ◽  
Multiple Literacies ◽  
Education Society ◽  
History Of

EAP researchers have proffered definitions of EAP; however, some of these are contradictory. Therefore, effectively defining the scope, aims, and pedagogy of EAP can prove problematic. This essay will extract the shared aspects from popular EAP approaches and then place them into the broader context of EAP development, language teaching and literacy history, and the changing history of the educational landscape. This will make it possible to thematise current EAP theories critically, to further defined the nature of EAP as a combination of multiple literacies, including academic literacy, disciplinary cultural literacy, critical literacy, and digital literacy. Without opportunities to experience the research process directly, the multiple literacies of EAP remain in the domain of classroom knowledge, failing to include preparation for the realities students will encounter when doing research. However, if EAP students, future academics, are well equipped with techniques for doing research and writing papers, but perform research to benefit themselves only, who will speak out for the needs of society? Therefore, in a Neo-liberalism influenced higher education society, EAP should not only be viewed as a utility but should stress the humanistic goals of academic research and the moral responsibilities of those who become academics. Current study suggests a theoretical and pedagogical shift bending towards humanistic EAP.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document