“Gazing” and “performing”: Travel photography and online self-presentation

2021 ◽  
pp. 146879762098578
Author(s):  
Kaylan C. Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Presentation Of Self ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Media Audiences ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Bodily Experiences ◽  
Travel Photography ◽  
Self Presentations

This article illustrates the self-presentations young people foreground when they visually communicate international volunteer experiences to social media audiences. Through a “categorical-content” analysis of repeated semi-structured interviews and photographic content posted to Facebook, and with theoretical support from Urry’s “tourist gaze” and Goffman’s “presentation of self,” I describe three impressions “given” and “given off” within participants’ profiles. The findings reveal some familiar touristic scenes (necessitating tribute to the well-established “family” and “romantic” gazes) and also inspire a new gazing form (incorporating “gutsy” bodily experiences). However, these holiday-like portrayals were selectively disclosed and complicated by the sentiments participants expressed during face-to-face interviews. As different self-presentations were idealized in different settings, this article helps to elucidate the situational role of the audience and offers unique analytical insights that may not have emerged had I utilized one method in isolation. Its contribution is located within its intersections: blending gazing and performing frameworks, employing verbal and visual approaches, leading to etic and emic understandings.

scholarly journals The Discourse of Female Photojournalists: The Imbalance between Remunerated Labor and Maternity as a Professional Calling

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-219
Author(s):  
Nathalia Cunha da Silva ◽  
Elizabeth Moraes Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Las Mujeres

This article aims to understand how female photojournalists see maternity within the profession in the contemporary world through the use of a study on the cultural and historical influence of gender roles on the performance and development of female photojournalists in the city of São Paulo. A qualitative methodology was adopted using semi-structured interviews. The interviews were conducted with nine female photojournalists from three different age groups who work both formally and informally. For the purposes of this study, we selected only the parts of the interview where the interviewees referred to their role of mother and professional. The analysis was based on a discursive approach, with theoretical support from French Discourse Analysis. The results show the influence gender roles have on forming symbolic barriers that connect having a career with an imbalance between paid work and maternity.O artigo objetiva compreender como as mulheres fotojornalistas percebem a maternidade dentro da profissão na contemporaneidade por meio de um estudo sobre a influência cultural e histórica dos papéis atribuídos de gênero na atuação e desenvolvimento feminino no fotojornalismo paulistano. A metodologia empregada é qualitativa, com uso de entrevista do tipo semiaberta. As entrevistas foram realizadas com nove mulheres que têm o fotojornalismo como principal atividade, com relações de trabalho formais e informais, divididas em três grupos etários. Para este texto foram selecionadas apenas as falas em que as entrevistadas faziam referência ao papel de mãe e profissional. O procedimento de análise seguiu uma abordagem discursiva, com subsídios teóricos na Análise do Discurso de linha francesa. Os resultados apontam a influência dos papéis atribuídos aos gêneros sobre a configuração de barreiras simbólicas que atrelam a permanência na carreira à exigência de um desequilíbrio entre trabalho remunerado e a maternidade. El artículo objetiva comprender cómo las mujeres fotoperiodistas perciben la maternidad dentro de la profesión en la contemporaneidad por medio de un estudio sobre la influencia cultural e histórica de los roles socialmente asignados de género en la actuación y el desarrollo de mujeres en el fotoperiodismo de la ciudad de Sao Paulo. La metodología empleada es cualitativa, con uso de entrevista del tipo semiabierta. Se entrevistó a nueve mujeres que actúan en el fotoperiodismo, con relaciones de trabajo formales o informales. Ellas han sido divididas en tres categorías de edad. Para este texto se seleccionaron sólo las palabras en las que las entrevistadas se referían al papel de madre y profesional. Los resultados apuntan a la influencia de los papeles atribuidos a los géneros sobre la configuración de barreras simbólicas que atrevan la permanencia en la carrera a la exigencia de un desequilibrio entre trabajo remunerado y maternidad.

Student paramedics' views on placements in general practice as part of a degree

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 519-525
Author(s):  
Alyesha Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Care Pathway ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Alternative Care ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Uk ◽  
University Degree

Background: Frontline paramedics are increasingly attending to non-emergency problems and calls that could be managed by a primary care provider. Alongside this, there is a growing pressure to manage patients at home or use an alternative care pathway and reduce hospital conveyance. Student paramedic training, including both placement and taught elements at university, should therefore reflect this. However, placement opportunities for student paramedics in primary care settings is variable across the UK. Aim: To explore student paramedics' views on incorporating a placement within general practice as part of their degree and its effects on their learning and development as an autonomous paramedic. Method: A small pedagogic study as part of a postgraduate certificate in academic practice for higher education, involving a case study, qualitative approach using face-to-face, semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis, was carried out. Findings: Student paramedics feel that incorporating a placement in general practice as part of their degree will significantly help in their learning and development as autonomous paramedics. Specifically, they feel it: will help them understand the role of the GP and what the GP expects of them; will help them to focus their assessments and improve confidence in decisions not to convey patients; may lead to better knowledge of alternative care pathways; and, finally, may provide an insight into the role of the paramedic in general practice as a future career opportunity. There are a few reservations about whether students would be able to use the skills and knowledge gained in this setting, as they feel they do not have access to the tools or the authority in a frontline ambulance service. Students would prefer to have a placement in a GP surgery in the final year of their university degree. Conclusion: Placement within a GP surgery for student paramedics should be included as part of a paramedic science degree as a priority. This is necessary, particularly given the changing role of the contemporary paramedic who attends to non-emergency problems.

Evaluating the role of blat in finding graduate employment in post-Soviet Ukraine

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Onoshchenko ◽  
Colin C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Graduate Employment ◽  
Personal Connections ◽  
The City ◽  
Formal Procedures

Purpose – This paper aims to evaluate the use of personal connections to circumvent formal procedures, known as blat in the Soviet era, in post-Soviet societies by studying its role in graduate employment recruitment. Design/methodology/approach – To do this, the extent to which and how blat is used by graduates to find a job in the city of Mykolayiv in Ukraine is analysed through 85 face-to-face structured interviews with those who in the past seven years have sought employment after graduating from university. Findings – The finding is that blat is widely used by graduates to find a job. However, contrary to the existing literature which suggests that blat has become commodified in post-Soviet market societies with monetary payment being requested by and given to personal connections “pulling strings”, no evidence is found that this is the case. Instead, this remains a non-monetised form of friendly help by and for close social relations, akin to the Soviet era, and is viewed in a positive or neutral manner by participants even though its consequences can be to circumvent meritocratic formal recruitment procedures and foster nepotism and cronyism. Research limitations/implications – This study of blat is limited to analysing graduate recruitment in one city in Ukraine. Broader empirical research on the contemporary role of blat in this and other spheres in post-Soviet societies and beyond is now required so as to develop a more nuanced context-bound understanding of both the positive and negative facets of this social practice in contemporary societies. Originality/value – This study reveals that blat is commonly used to find graduate jobs and is widely viewed as a socially acceptable practice, despite hindering meritocratic recruitment procedures.

scholarly journals Primary care nurses' approach to cases of violence against children

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (spe) ◽  
pp. 172-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailton de Souza Aragão ◽  
Maria das Graças Carvalho Ferriani ◽  
Telma Sanchez Vendruscollo ◽  
Sinara de Lima Souza ◽  
Romeu Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
Primary Care Nurses ◽  
The Face ◽  
The City

In Primary Care, the field of nursing comes face-to-face with the complexity of violence, leading these professionals to constantly re-evaluate their habitus. OBJECTIVE: to analyze how cases of violence against children and adolescents are approached by primary care nurses, identifying limits and possibilities for dealing with these cases. METHOD: a qualitative study, undertaken in 2011, through semi-structured interviews with 8 out of 48 nurses in the Family Health teams in the city of Uberaba in the state of Minas Gerais, the analysis of which followed the interpretation of meanings, based in dialectical hermeneutics. RESULTS: the following stand out: non-identification of violence as a problem for the nurses; denunciations and notifications as a role of the nurses; and the limits found in the face of violence. CONCLUSION: it is determined that the habitus of nursing directed at health promotion and prevention of violence must be restructured, overcoming the biomedical paradigm and involving intersectorial and multidisciplinary actions.

scholarly journals Analysis Role of Digital Marketing and Self Image Improving Student Self Presentation in Batam Using Instagram

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-141
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ardiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Self Development ◽  
The University ◽  
The City ◽  
Self Presentations

Nowadays Students often use social media as a tool to communicate and search for a lot of information, social media can also influence changes in the self-image of students shared on social media. This study aims to determine the large social media users of Instagram among students, to analyze Instagram social media as a tool used by students in self-development and self-image, to know the importance of digital marketing in shaping student self-image, analyzing the development of students' Self Presentations, knowing how large students in showing self-image using Instagram social media, knowing the importance of Self Presentation within the university. This study uses variables namely digital marketing, and Self Image as independent variables, Self Presentation as the dependent variable. The target respondents of this study were all university students in the city of Batam by using a sample of 392 students. This research concluded that self image plays a role in shaping student self-appearance because students try to look neat and attractive when uploading videos on Instagram Stories about themselves, wanting to look good in photos or videos, so users can display a good image and other Instagram users who see can give good comments as well.Keywords: Social Media, Instagram, Digital Marketing, Self Image, Self Presentation.

scholarly journals Adolescent development in family-based treatment for anorexia nervosa: Patients’ and parents’ narratives

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Medway ◽  
Paul Rhodes ◽  
Lisa Dawson ◽  
Jane Miskovic-Wheatley ◽  
Andrew Wallis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Young People ◽  
Adolescent Development ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Family Based Treatment ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Inquiry Method

Maudsley Family-Based Treatment (FBT) is currently the best supported treatment for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN); however, little is known about whether it achieves its stated aim in the final phases of promoting the patient’s return to an expected developmental trajectory. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of young people and their parents regarding the developmental impact of AN, and the role of FBT in addressing developmental challenges. Young people ( N = 12) who ceased FBT a minimum 1 year prior, and their parents ( N = 12), completed face-to-face semi-structured interviews, and data were analysed using a narrative inquiry method. All the participants described AN as highly disruptive to adolescent development, with phase one of FBT accentuating this experience. In phases two and three, FBT helped facilitate adolescent development in three key ways: Supporting return to adolescent pursuits, facilitating autonomy and providing freedom to develop post-FBT. This study offers preliminary insights into the variety of developmental challenges and needs experienced by families, as well as approaches clinicians can take to supporting development in phases two and three of FBT.

scholarly journals Collaborative Governance in Tourism: Empirical Insights into a Community-Oriented Destination

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Fabian Bichler ◽  
Magdalena Lösch
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Shared Understanding ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Tourism Governance

Governance offers valuable guidelines to steer and direct destinations. Recent tourism governance research has explored the role of multiple actors in governing destinations but has not comprehensively investigated the underlying collaborative governance (CG) processes such as face-to-face dialogue, trust-building, shared understanding, or supporting factors such as institutional setting or leadership. The objectives of this paper are to determine the drivers and barriers of CG in a community-oriented destination in South Tyrol (Italy). This aims to reveal the processes that drive collaboration between stakeholders. For this reason, the paper builds on a qualitative case study with 20 semi-structured interviews with key informants. The results highlight that destination leadership is an essential driver of CG. However, several barriers to CG emerged. First, the findings show that institutional transformation led to a lack of trust and increased insecurity. Second, the inclusion of salient actors such as residents in the decision-making and implementation phase is scarce. Third, our findings highlight that a shared understanding of future development directions is missing between stakeholders. The contribution of this paper is a refined assessment of CG in tourism with special attention to the role of leadership and institutional settings. The derived implications target the role of leadership to foster the development of a shared understanding and to embark on a collaborative learning process that provides visible and tangible outcomes in turbulent times.

scholarly journals Encultured Biases: The Role of Products in Pathways to Inequality

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton Childress ◽  
Jean-François Nault
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Product Selection ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Organizational Conditions ◽  
Cultural Proximity ◽  
Selection Decisions ◽  
Short Term Contract ◽  
Normal Feature

Recent sociological work shows that culture is an important causal variable in labor market outcomes. Does the same hold for product markets? To answer this question, we study a product market in which selection decisions occur absent face-to-face interaction between intermediaries and short-term contract workers. We find evidence of “product-based” cultural matching operating as a pathway to inequality. Relying on quantitative and qualitative observational data and semi-structured interviews with intermediaries in trade fiction publishing, we show intermediaries culturally match themselves to manuscripts as a normal feature of doing “good work.” We propose three organizational conditions under which “encultured biases” come to the fore in product selection, and a fourth resulting in inequalities along demographic lines and other markers of perceived cultural proximity and distance. We close with a discussion of other settings in which product-based cultural matching is likely to occur, call for the investigation of cultural matching beyond previously theorized conditions, and argue for the inclusion of cultural products in the broader movement toward reconsidering culture as a causal factor.

scholarly journals Be Yourself: The Relative Importance of Personal and Social Norms for Adolescents’ Self-Presentation on Instagram

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 205630512110338
Author(s):  
Arne Freya Zillich ◽  
Claudia Riesmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Injunctive Norms ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Authentic Self

This article examines the relative importance of personal, descriptive, and injunctive norms for adolescents’ self-presentation on Instagram and analyzes the role of proximal and distal reference groups in norm negotiation. Based on 27 semi-structured interviews with German Instagram users between 14 and 19 years old, we identified four types of adolescents’ self-presentation that differ in terms of norms and referent others: authentic, self-confident, self-staged, and audience-oriented self-presentation. In addition, our study demonstrates that adolescents engage in reflective norm breaches when coping with conflicting self-presentation norms. These results highlight the crucial role of both adolescents themselves and their proximal and distal reference groups for norm negotiation.

scholarly journals Soviet in Form, National in Content: Central Asian Migrants in the Cultural Infrastructure of Moscow

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-750
Author(s):  
Марк Симон
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Cultural Infrastructure ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Self Presentations

Unlike the leisure practices of migrants from Central Asia in large Russian cities, which recently came to the attention of researchers, the presence of this population in the urban cultural infrastructure has hardly been studied so far. This research, based on in-depth interviews with members of community-based organizations and artistic groups established by people from Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, as well as observation of their activities at various cultural venues in Moscow, discusses the peculiarities of post-Soviet diversity management. In this article I am making two main points: (i) The self-presentations of people of Central Asian origin on various public platforms in Moscow largely involve performing the role of ambassadors of a homogenous 'national culture'. Such a form of cultural behaviour, inherited from Soviet past, allows the participants of corresponding events to achieve guaranteed recognition from both the host site and their compatriots. It legitimizes their presence in the public sphere as agents of the 'dialogue of cultures,' since it fits the dominant discourse of ethnic diversity in Russia. Thus, for the majority of informants, culture turns out to be a kind of 'safe space,' cleansed of the daily troubles associated with labour migration; (ii) it may seem that this kind of self-expression for migrants is determined by social powers: whether the latter are officials, responsible for national policy in Moscow, embassies of Central Asian republics, or public organizations calling themselves 'diasporas'. But with a deeper study of the issue, it turns out that the aforementioned scenarios of self-presentation are still playable without direct influence from the authorities. The explanation is that Central Asian migrants voluntarily accept this representation that is Soviet in form and national in content as far as it makes it possible to symbolically overcome the marginalization that they face.

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