Patient Work Methods: Current Methods of Engaging Patients in Systems Design in Clinical, Community and Extraterrestrial Settings

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupa S. Valdez ◽  
Richard J. Holden ◽  
Nana Khunlerkit ◽  
Jenna Marquard ◽  
Kerry McGuire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Current Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Human Factors And Ergonomics ◽  
Clinical Community ◽  
Patient Work ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

As Human Factors and Ergonomics (HF/E) practice in health care expands, there is growing recognition of the need to consider and design for patient work. Over the past several years HF/E practitioners and researchers have begun to formalize the theoretical foundations of a patient work approach. Methodologically, patient work approaches have required adaptations of existing HF/E and social science approaches as well as the development of new approaches. This panel will focus on current approaches of engaging patients in designing interventions in the multiple settings in which patient work is performed. Each panelist will introduce their work by discussing the health care challenge and how existing methods were adapted or new methods created to engage patients in the design of systems. The panelists will then interact with audience members to solicit current health care challenges and to brainstorm ways in which methods could be adapted or innovated to engage patients in addressing these challenges.

Drug-Related Visits to the Emergency Department

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Zed
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Current Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
Current Health Care System ◽  
The Impact

Over the past few years, several published reports have addressed the problem of drug-related morbidity in various practice settings. Studies evaluating drug-related hospitalization have estimated that approximately 5% to 10% of all hospital admissions are drug related. Unfortunately, many of these studies have excluded patients seeking medical attention in the emergency department (ED) but not requiring hospital admission. Drug-related visits to the emergency department are a significant problem and contribute to overall pressures on our current health care system. Despite the limited information published regarding drug-related ED visits, several studies describe the impact of this issue. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature pertaining to the incidence, classification, severity, preventability, and economic impact of drug-related visits to the emergency department.

Care for Foster Children on the Move

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 826-827
Author(s):  
John M. Neff
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Foster Children ◽  
Current Problem ◽  
Foster Families ◽  
Current Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Health Care System ◽  
Excellent Article ◽  
Care System

Schor is to be congratulated on his excellent article on foster care and health1 and his emphasis on the major deficiencies that exist for foster children in our current health-care system. I am also pleased to see that there was such a strong commentary on this issue by Sokoloff.2 I would, however, like to differ with one of Sokoloff's conclusions, and that is that "Foster families should be encouraged to incorporate the foster child into their own health care system." In fact, this is what most foster families have done in the past and this practice has helped accentuate the current problem.

scholarly journals Innovation as a Factor of Stable Development

Al-Farabi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
Nurali Sunnatov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Thinking ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Stable Development ◽  
Philosophical Nature

The unique innovation “explosion”, which gave a powerful impetus to the development of technical, economic, and social activities in the advanced countries of the world, is also penetrating into the sphere of education. As a result of the development of human thinking and the expansion of educational skills, the theoretical foundations of the study of innovation in the education system are being revised. At the same time, the article summarizes the content of the education of the work done over the past decades on the empirical analysis of the logical and technological mechanisms of innovative changes in Uzbekistan. As a topic of discussion, the author considers the problems of the philosophical nature of the synthesis of new methods and technologies used in the educational process in Uzbekistan, the search for their solutions. And also, the article studies the philosophical factor, the court and the content of the essence of the concept, which, according to innovation, is not a limited material result, but a process associated with the manifestation and improvement of the ability to create a dependent cultural heritage.

The Evolution of Lead Extraction

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Melanie Maytin ◽  
Laurence M Epstein ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Lead Extraction ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Device Management ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Life Threatening

Prior to the introduction of successful intravascular countertraction techniques, options for lead extraction were limited and dedicated tools were non-existent. The significant morbidity and mortality associated with these early extraction techniques limited their application to life-threatening situations such as infection and sepsis. The past 30 years have witnessed significant advances in lead extraction technology, resulting in safer and more efficacious techniques and tools. This evolution occurred out of necessity, similar to the pressure of natural selection weeding out the ineffective and highly morbid techniques while fostering the development of safe, successful and more simple methods. Future developments in lead extraction are likely to focus on new tools that will allow us to provide comprehensive device management and the design of new leads conceived to facilitate future extraction. With the development of these new methods and novel tools, the technique of lead extraction will continue to require operators that are well versed in several methods of extraction. Garnering new skills while remembering the lessons of the past will enable extraction technologies to advance without repeating previous mistakes.

The Impact of War on Population Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Turkan Ahmet
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The Impact

The past few decades of ongoing war in Iraq has had a dramatic impact on the health of Iraq’s population. Wars are known to have negative effects on the social and physical environments of individuals, as well as limit their access to the available health care services. This paper explores the personal experiences of my family members, who were exposed to war, as well as includes information that has been reviewed form many academic sources. The data aided in providing recommendations and developing strategies, on both local and international levels, to improve the health status of the populations exposed to war.

scholarly journals Creating Price Indexes for Measuring Productivity in Mental Health Care

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan H. Busch ◽  
Ernst R. Berndt ◽  
Richard G. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Measurement Issues ◽  
The Past ◽  
Price Indexes ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
New Treatment

Economists have long suggested that to be reliable, a preferred medical care price index should employ time-varying weights to measure outcomes-adjusted changes in the price of treating an episode of illness. In this article, we report on several years of research developing alternative indexes for the treatment of the acute phase of major depression, for the period 1991–1996. The introduction of new treatment technologies in the past two decades suggests well-known measurement issues may be prominent in constructing such a price index.We report on the results of four successively re

scholarly journals PyroMEMS as Future Technological Building Blocks for Advanced Microenergetic Systems

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Jean-Laurent Pouchairet ◽  
Carole Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Building Block ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Function Block ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Electronically Controllable

For the past two decades, many research groups have investigated new methods for reducing the size and cost of safe and arm-fire systems, while also improving their safety and reliability, through batch processing. Simultaneously, micro- and nanotechnology advancements regarding nanothermite materials have enabled the production of a key technological building block: pyrotechnical microsystems (pyroMEMS). This building block simply consists of microscale electric initiators with a thin thermite layer as the ignition charge. This microscale to millimeter-scale addressable pyroMEMS enables the integration of intelligence into centimeter-scale pyrotechnical systems. To illustrate this technological evolution, we hereby present the development of a smart infrared (IR) electronically controllable flare consisting of three distinct components: (1) a controllable pyrotechnical ejection block comprising three independently addressable small-scale propellers, all integrated into a one-piece molded and interconnected device, (2) a terminal function block comprising a structured IR pyrotechnical loaf coupled with a microinitiation stage integrating low-energy addressable pyroMEMS, and (3) a connected, autonomous, STANAG 4187 compliant, electronic sensor arming and firing block.

Machine learning for rediscovering revolutionary ideas of the past

2021 ◽  
pp. 105971232098304
Author(s):  
R Alexander Bentley ◽  
Joshua Borycz ◽  
Simon Carrignon ◽  
Damian J Ruck ◽  
Michael J O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Phylogenetic Inference ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Inherent Nature ◽  
Social Learning Processes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Scientific Ideas ◽  
Revolutionary Science

The explosion of online knowledge has made knowledge, paradoxically, difficult to find. A web or journal search might retrieve thousands of articles, ranked in a manner that is biased by, for example, popularity or eigenvalue centrality rather than by informed relevance to the complex query. With hundreds of thousands of articles published each year, the dense, tangled thicket of knowledge grows even more entwined. Although natural language processing and new methods of generating knowledge graphs can extract increasingly high-level interpretations from research articles, the results are inevitably biased toward recent, popular, and/or prestigious sources. This is a result of the inherent nature of human social-learning processes. To preserve and even rediscover lost scientific ideas, we employ the theory that scientific progress is punctuated by means of inspired, revolutionary ideas at the origin of new paradigms. Using a brief case example, we suggest how phylogenetic inference might be used to rediscover potentially useful lost discoveries, as a way in which machines could help drive revolutionary science.

scholarly journals Science for the Next Century: Deep Phenotyping

2021 ◽  
pp. 002203452110018
Author(s):  
J.T. Wright ◽  
M.C. Herzberg
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
The Past ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Omic Data ◽  
Precision Health ◽  
Deep Phenotyping

Our ability to unravel the mysteries of human health and disease have changed dramatically over the past 2 decades. Decoding health and disease has been facilitated by the recent availability of high-throughput genomics and multi-omics analyses and the companion tools of advanced informatics and computational science. Understanding of the human genome and its influence on phenotype continues to advance through genotyping large populations and using “light phenotyping” approaches in combination with smaller subsets of the population being evaluated using “deep phenotyping” approaches. Using our capability to integrate and jointly analyze genomic data with other multi-omic data, the knowledge of genotype-phenotype relationships and associated genetic pathways and functions is being advanced. Understanding genotype-phenotype relationships that discriminate human health from disease is speculated to facilitate predictive, precision health care and change modes of health care delivery. The American Association for Dental Research Fall Focused Symposium assembled experts to discuss how studies of genotype-phenotype relationships are illuminating the pathophysiology of craniofacial diseases and developmental biology. Although the breadth of the topic did not allow all areas of dental, oral, and craniofacial research to be addressed (e.g., cancer), the importance and power of integrating genomic, phenomic, and other -omic data are illustrated using a variety of examples. The 8 Fall Focused talks presented different methodological approaches for ascertaining study populations and evaluating population variance and phenotyping approaches. These advances are reviewed in this summary.

scholarly journals OP0277-PARE METABERN, THE EUROPEAN REFERENCE NETWORK FOR RARE HEREDITARY DISEASES: STRUCTURE, OBJECTIVES, METABOLIC RMDS AND THE ROLES OF EUROPEAN PATIENT ADVOCACY GROUPS (EPAGS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 168.2-168
Author(s):  
L. Wagner ◽  
S. Sestini ◽  
C. Brown ◽  
A. Finglas ◽  
R. Francisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Impact

Background:Inborn metabolic disorders (IMDs) currently encompass more than 1,500 diseases with new ones still to be identified1. Each of them is characterised by a genetic defect affecting a metabolic pathway. Only few of them have curative treatments, that target the respective metabolic pathway. Commonly, treatment examples include diet, substrate reduction therapies, enzyme replacement therapies, gene therapy and biologicals, enabling IMD-patient now to survive to adulthood. About 30 % of all IMDs involve the musculoskeletal system and are here referred to as rare metabolic RMDs. Generally, IMDs are very heterogenous with respect to symptoms and severity, often being systemic and affecting more children than adults. Thus, challenges include certified advanced training of adult metabolic experts, standardised transition plans, social support and development of therapies for diseases that do not have any cure yet.Objectives:Introduction of MetabERN, its structure and objectives, highlighting on the unique features and challenges of metabolic RMDs and describing the involvement of patient representation in MetabERN.Methods:MetabERN is stratified in 7 subnetworks (SNW) according to the respective metabolic pathways and 9 work packages (WP), including administration, dissemination, guidelines, virtual counselling framework, research/clinical trials, continuity of care, education and patient involvement. The patient board involves a steering committee and single point of contacts for each subnetwork and work package, respectively2. Projects include identifying the need of implementing social science to assess the psycho-socio-economic burden of IMDs, webinars on IMDs and their transition as well as surveys on the impact of COVID-193 on IMD-patients and health care providers (HCPs), social assistance for IMD-patients and analysing the transition landscape within Europe.Results:The MetabERN structure enables bundling of expertise, capacity building and knowledge transfer for faster diagnosis and better health care. Rare metabolic RMDs are present in all SNWs that require unique treatments according to their metabolic pathways. Implementation of social science to assess the psycho-socio-economic burden of IMDs is still underused. Involvement of patient representatives is essential for a holistic healthcare not only focusing on clinical care, but also on the quality of life for IMD-patients. Surveys identified unmet needs of patient care, patients having little information on national support systems and structural deficits of healthcare systems to ensure HCP can provide adequate clinical care during transition phases. These results are collected by MetabERN and forwarded to the Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (DG SANTE) of the European Commission (EC) to be addressed further.Conclusion:MetabERN offers an infrastructure of virtual healthcare for patients with IMDs. Thus, in collaboration with ERN ReCONNET, MetabERN can assist in identifying rare metabolic disorders of RMDs to shorten the odyssey of diagnosis and advise on their respective therapies. On the other hand, MetabERN can benefit from EULAR’s longstanding experience regarding issues affecting the quality of life, all RMD patients are facing, such as pain, stiffness, fatigue, rehabilitation, maintaining work and disability claims.References:[1]IEMbase - Inborn Errors of Metabolism Knowledgebase http://www.iembase.org/ (accessed Jan 29, 2021).[2]MetabERN: European Refence Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders https://metab.ern-net.eu/ (accessed Jan 29, 2021).[3]Lampe, C.; Dionisi-Vici, C.; Bellettato, C. M.; Paneghetti, L.; van Lingen, C.; Bond, S.; Brown, C.; Finglas, A.; Francisco, R.; Sestini, S.; Heard, J. M.; Scarpa, M.; MetabERN collaboration group. The Impact of COVID-19 on Rare Metabolic Patients and Healthcare Providers: Results from Two MetabERN Surveys. Orphanet J. Rare Dis.2020, 15 (1), 341. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-020-01619-x.Acknowledgements:The authors thank the MetabERN collaboration group, the single point of contacts (SPOC) of the MetabERN patient board and the Transition Project Working Group (TPWG)Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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