Association Study Between White Matter Microstructure and Intelligence Decline in Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
pp. 155005942110633
Author(s):  
Junya Matsumoto ◽  
Kenichiro Miura ◽  
Masaki Fukunaga ◽  
Kiyotaka Nemoto ◽  
Daisuke Koshiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

Patients with schizophrenia can exhibit intelligence decline, which is an important element of cognitive impairment. Previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have demonstrated that patients with schizophrenia have altered gray matter structures and functional connectivity associated with intelligence decline defined by a difference between premorbid and current intelligence quotients (IQs). However, it has remained unclear whether white matter microstructures are related to intelligence decline. In the present study, the indices of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) obtained from 138 patients with schizophrenia and 554 healthy controls were analyzed. The patients were classified into three subgroups based on intelligence decline: deteriorated (94 patients), preserved (42 patients), and compromised IQ (2 patients) groups. Given that the DTI of each subject was acquired using either one of two different MRI scanners, we analyzed DTI indices separately for each scanner group. In the comparison between the deteriorated IQ group and the healthy controls, differences in some DTI indices were noted in three regions of interest irrespective of the MRI scanners, whereas differences in only one region of interest were noted between the preserved IQ group and the healthy controls. However, the comparisons between the deteriorated and preserved IQ groups did not show any reproducible differences. Together with the previous findings, it is thought that gray matter structures and functional connectivity are more promising as markers of intelligence decline in schizophrenia than white matter microstructures.

scholarly journals White Matter Survival within and around the Hematoma: Quantification by MRI in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 910
Author(s):  
Nemanja Novakovic ◽  
Joseph R. Linzey ◽  
Thomas L. Chenevert ◽  
Joseph J. Gemmete ◽  
Jonathan P. Troost ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Monitoring Treatment ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

White matter (WM) injury and survival after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has received insufficient attention. WM disruption surrounding the hematoma has been documented in animal models with histology, but rarely in human ICH with noninvasive means, like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A few human MRI studies have investigated changes in long WM tracts after ICH remote from the hematoma, like the corticospinal tract, but have not attempted to obtain an unbiased quantification of WM changes within and around the hematoma over time. This study attempts such quantification from 3 to 30 days post ictus. Thirteen patients with mild to moderate ICH underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) MRI at 3, 14, and 30 days. Fractional anisotropy (FA) maps were used to calculate the volume of tissue with FA > 0.5, both within the hematoma (lesion) and in the perilesional tissue. At day 3, the percentages of both lesional and perilesional tissue with an FA > 0.5 were significantly less than contralateral, unaffected, anatomically identical tissue. This perilesional contralateral difference persisted at day 14, but there was no significant difference at day 30. The loss of perilesional tissue with FA > 0.5 increased with increasing hematoma size at day 3 and day 14. All patients had some tissue within the lesion with FA > 0.5 at all time points. This did not decrease with duration after ictus, suggesting the persistence of white matter within the hematoma/lesion. These results outline an approach to quantify WM injury, both within and surrounding the hematoma, after mild to moderate ICH using DTI MRI. This may be important for monitoring treatment strategies, such as hematoma evacuation, and assessing efficacy noninvasively.

scholarly journals Scan–rescan and inter-vendor reproducibility of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging metrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-494
Author(s):  
Christina Andica ◽  
Koji Kamagata ◽  
Takuya Hayashi ◽  
Akifumi Hagiwara ◽  
Wataru Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Automatic Extraction ◽  
Dispersion Index ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

Abstract Purpose The reproducibility of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) metrics in the human brain has not been explored across different magnetic resonance (MR) scanners from different vendors. This study aimed to evaluate the scan–rescan and inter-vendor reproducibility of NODDI metrics in white and gray matter of healthy subjects using two 3-T MR scanners from two vendors. Methods Ten healthy subjects (7 males; mean age 30 ± 7 years, range 23–37 years) were included in the study. Whole-brain diffusion-weighted imaging was performed with b-values of 1000 and 2000 s/mm2 using two 3-T MR scanners from two different vendors. Automatic extraction of the region of interest was performed to obtain NODDI metrics for whole and localized areas of white and gray matter. The coefficient of variation (CoV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated to assess the scan–rescan and inter-vendor reproducibilities of NODDI metrics. Results The scan–rescan and inter-vendor reproducibility of NODDI metrics (intracellular volume fraction and orientation dispersion index) were comparable with those of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics. However, the inter-vendor reproducibilities of NODDI (CoV = 2.3–14%) were lower than the scan–rescan reproducibility (CoV: scanner A = 0.8–3.8%; scanner B = 0.8–2.6%). Compared with the finding of DTI metrics, the reproducibility of NODDI metrics was lower in white matter and higher in gray matter. Conclusion The lower inter-vendor reproducibility of NODDI in some brain regions indicates that data acquired from different MRI scanners should be carefully interpreted.

scholarly journals Dysmature superficial white matter microstructure in developmental focal epilepsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren M Ostrowski ◽  
Daniel Y Song ◽  
Emily L Thorn ◽  
Erin E Ross ◽  
Sally M Stoyell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Epilepsy Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Deep White Matter ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Benign Epilepsy

Abstract Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes is a common childhood epilepsy syndrome that predominantly affects boys, characterized by self-limited focal seizures arising from the perirolandic cortex and fine motor abnormalities. Concurrent with the age-specific presentation of this syndrome, the brain undergoes a developmentally choreographed sequence of white matter microstructural changes, including maturation of association u-fibres abutting the cortex. These short fibres mediate local cortico-cortical communication and provide an age-sensitive structural substrate that could support a focal disease process. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the microstructural properties of superficial white matter in regions corresponding to u-fibres underlying the perirolandic seizure onset zone in children with this epilepsy syndrome compared with healthy controls. To verify the spatial specificity of these features, we characterized global superficial and deep white matter properties. We further evaluated the characteristics of the perirolandic white matter in relation to performance on a fine motor task, gender and abnormalities observed on EEG. Children with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 14) underwent multimodal testing with high-resolution MRI including diffusion tensor imaging sequences, sleep EEG recordings and fine motor assessment. We compared white matter microstructural characteristics (axial, radial and mean diffusivity, and fractional anisotropy) between groups in each region. We found distinct abnormalities corresponding to the perirolandic u-fibre region, with increased axial, radial and mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy values in children with epilepsy (P = 0.039, P = 0.035, P = 0.042 and P = 0.017, respectively). Increased fractional anisotropy in this region, consistent with decreased integrity of crossing sensorimotor u-fibres, correlated with inferior fine motor performance (P = 0.029). There were gender-specific differences in white matter microstructure in the perirolandic region; males and females with epilepsy and healthy males had higher diffusion and fractional anisotropy values than healthy females (P ≤ 0.035 for all measures), suggesting that typical patterns of white matter development disproportionately predispose boys to this developmental epilepsy syndrome. Perirolandic white matter microstructure showed no relationship to epilepsy duration, duration seizure free, or epileptiform burden. There were no group differences in diffusivity or fractional anisotropy in superficial white matter outside of the perirolandic region. Children with epilepsy had increased radial diffusivity (P = 0.022) and decreased fractional anisotropy (P = 0.027) in deep white matter, consistent with a global delay in white matter maturation. These data provide evidence that atypical maturation of white matter microstructure is a basic feature in benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes and may contribute to the epilepsy, male predisposition and clinical comorbidities observed in this disorder.

White matter microstructural abnormalities in families multiply affected with bipolar I disorder: a diffusion tensor tractography study

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 2139-2150 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Emsell ◽  
C. Chaddock ◽  
N. Forde ◽  
W. Van Hecke ◽  
G. J. Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Type I ◽  
Genetic Liability ◽  
Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Participant Group ◽  
Dti Tractography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

BackgroundWhite matter (WM) abnormalities are proposed as potential endophenotypic markers of bipolar disorder (BD). In a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) voxel-based analysis (VBA) study of families multiply affected with BD, we previously reported that widespread abnormalities of fractional anisotropy (FA) are associated with both BD and genetic liability for illness. In the present study, we further investigated the endophenotypic potential of WM abnormalities by applying DTI tractography to specifically investigate tracts implicated in the pathophysiology of BD.MethodDiffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were acquired from 19 patients with BD type I from multiply affected families, 21 of their unaffected first-degree relatives and 18 healthy volunteers. DTI tractography was used to identify the cingulum, uncinate fasciculus (UF), arcuate portion of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), corpus callosum, and the anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC). Regression analyses were conducted to investigate the effect of participant group and genetic liability on FA and radial diffusivity (RD) in each tract.ResultsWe detected a significant effect of group on both FA and RD in the cingulum, SLF, callosal splenium and ILF driven by reduced FA and increased RD in patients compared to controls and relatives. Increasing genetic liability was associated with decreased FA and increased RD in the UF, and decreased FA in the SLF, among patients.ConclusionsWM microstructural abnormalities in limbic, temporal and callosal pathways represent microstructural abnormalities associated with BD whereas alterations in the SLF and UF may represent potential markers of endophenotypic risk.

scholarly journals Changes in Cerebral Volume and White Matter Integrity in Adults on Hemodialysis and Relationship to Cognitive Function

Nephron ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Wesley T. Richerson ◽  
Laura G. Umfleet ◽  
Brian D. Schmit ◽  
Dawn F. Wolfgram
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Matter Volume

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Patients on hemodialysis (HD) have a significant burden of cognitive impairment. Characterizing the cerebral structural changes in HD patients compared to healthy controls and evaluating the relationship of cerebral structural integrity with cognitive performance in HD patients can help clarify the pathophysiology of the cognitive impairment in HD patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this cross-sectional study, in-center HD patients ≥50 years of age underwent brain structural and diffusion MRIs and cognitive assessment using the NIH Toolbox cognition battery. The cerebral imaging measures of the HD participants were compared to imaging from age-matched controls. Gray matter volume, white matter volume, and white matter integrity determined by diffusion tensor imaging parameters (including fractional anisotropy [FA]) were measured in both cohorts to determine differences in the cerebral structure between HD participants and healthy controls. The association between cognitive performance on the NIH Toolbox cognition battery and cerebral structural integrity was evaluated using multiple linear regression models. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We compared imaging measures form 23 HD participants and 15 age-matched controls. The HD participants had decreased gray matter volumes (526.8 vs. 589.5 cm<sup>3</sup>, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) and worsened white matter integrity overall (FA values of 0.2864 vs. 0.3441, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) within major white matter tracts compared to healthy controls. Decreases in white matter integrity in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus was associated with lower executive function scores (<i>r</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 0.24, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and inferior longitudinal fasciculus with lower memory scores (<i>r</i> = 0.25 and <i>p</i> = 0.03 for left and <i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.21 and <i>p</i> = 0.03 for right). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> HD patients have a pattern of decreased white matter integrity and gray matter atrophy compared to controls. Decreases in white matter integrity were associated with decreased cognitive performance in the HD population.

scholarly journals Hypoperfusion and T1-hypointense lesions in white matter in multiple sclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponnada A Narayana ◽  
Yuxiang Zhou ◽  
Khader M Hasan ◽  
Sushmita Datta ◽  
Xiaojun Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
T2 Lesions ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
The Brain

Background: Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies show that a fraction of the multiple sclerosis (MS) T2-lesions contain T1-hypointense components that may persist to represent severe, irreversible tissue damage. It is not known why certain lesions convert to persistent T1-hypointense lesions. Objective: We hypothesized that the T1-hypointense lesions disproportionately distribute in the more hypoperfused areas of the brain. Here we investigated the association between hypoperfusion and T1-hypointense lesion distributions. Methods: MRI and cerebral blood flow (CBF) data were acquired on 45 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and 20 healthy controls. CBF maps were generated using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling technique. The lesion probability distribution maps were superimposed on the CBF maps. Results: Two distinct CBF clusters were observed in the white matter (WM) both in healthy controls and MS patients. An overall reduction in CBF was observed in MS patients compared to healthy controls. The majority of the T1-hypointense lesions were concentrated almost exclusively in the WM regions with lower CBF. The T2-hyperintense lesions were more generally distributed in both higher and lower perfused WM. Conclusion: This study suggests an association between hypoperfusion and T1-hypointense lesions.

scholarly journals A Diffusion tensor imaging study to compare normative fractional anisotropy values with patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease in the brain grey and white matter

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul P Kotian ◽  
K Prakashini ◽  
N Sreekumaran Nair
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Healthy Controls

AbstractBackgroundDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) appears as a sensitive method to study Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathophysiology and severity. Fractional anisotropy (FA) value is one of the scalar derivatives of DTI used to find out anisotropy within a voxel in a tissue and used for determining white matter integrity in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. We studied DTI derived FA in early PD subjects as their routine MRI scans were normal.Methods40 patients with early PD and 40 healthy controls were employed to evaluate changes in microstructural white and grey matter in the brain’s using DTI derived FA values. Comparison of FA values in the brain’s white and grey matter of patients with PD and age matched controls at the corpus callosum, centrum semiovale, pons, putamen, caudate nucleus, substantia nigra, cerebral peduncles and cerebellar peduncles, was done using a region of interest (ROI) technique, with b-value 1000s/mm2 and TE=100 milliseconds using 1.5T MRI system.ResultsPD patients showed differences in FA values in both the grey and white matter areas of the brain’s compared to healthy controls. Our study revealed the presence of damage in the substantia nigra, corpus callosum, putamen and cerebral peduncles mainly in the PD group.ConclusionOur findings indicate that DTI and region of interest (ROI) methods can be used in patients with early PD to study microstructural alterations mainly in the substantia nigra, putamen and corpus callosum.

scholarly journals Comparison of Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging and Two-Compartment Spherical Mean Technique Parameter Maps in Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Johnson ◽  
Antonio Ricciardi ◽  
Wallace Brownlee ◽  
Baris Kanber ◽  
Ferran Prados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Spherical Mean ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
And Gender

Background: Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) and the spherical mean technique (SMT) are diffusion MRI methods providing metrics with sensitivity to similar characteristics of white matter microstructure. There has been limited comparison of changes in NODDI and SMT parameters due to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology in clinical settings.Purpose: To compare group-wise differences between healthy controls and MS patients in NODDI and SMT metrics, investigating associations with disability and correlations with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics.Methods: Sixty three relapsing-remitting MS patients were compared to 28 healthy controls. NODDI and SMT metrics corresponding to intracellular volume fraction (vin), orientation dispersion (ODI and ODE), diffusivity (D) (SMT only) and isotropic volume fraction (viso) (NODDI only) were calculated from diffusion MRI data, alongside DTI metrics (fractional anisotropy, FA; axial/mean/radial diffusivity, AD/MD/RD). Correlations between all pairs of MRI metrics were calculated in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). Associations with expanded disability status scale (EDSS), controlling for age and gender, were evaluated. Patient-control differences were assessed voxel-by-voxel in MNI space controlling for age and gender at the 5% significance level, correcting for multiple comparisons. Spatial overlap of areas showing significant differences were compared using Dice coefficients.Results: NODDI and SMT show significant associations with EDSS (standardised beta coefficient −0.34 in NAWM and −0.37 in lesions for NODDI vin; 0.38 and −0.31 for SMT ODE and vin in lesions; p &lt; 0.05). Significant correlations in NAWM are observed between DTI and NODDI/SMT metrics. NODDI vin and SMT vin strongly correlated (r = 0.72, p &lt; 0.05), likewise NODDI ODI and SMT ODE (r = −0.80, p &lt; 0.05). All DTI, NODDI and SMT metrics detect widespread differences between patients and controls in NAWM (12.57% and 11.90% of MNI brain mask for SMT and NODDI vin, Dice overlap of 0.42).Data Conclusion: SMT and NODDI detect significant differences in white matter microstructure between MS patients and controls, concurring on the direction of these changes, providing consistent descriptors of tissue microstructure that correlate with disability and show alterations beyond focal damage. Our study suggests that NODDI and SMT may play a role in monitoring MS in clinical trials and practice.

scholarly journals Diffusion Tensor Imaging Before and 3 Months After Concentrated Exposure Response Prevention in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilde Brecke ◽  
Anders Lillevik Thorsen ◽  
Olga Therese Ousdal ◽  
Chris Vriend ◽  
Dag Alnæs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

Background: Subtle differences in white matter microstructure have been found in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) compared to controls using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), but it is unclear if and how this change after treatment. The primary aim of this pre-registered study was to investigate white matter integrity between OCD patients and controls and changes after concentrated exposure and response prevention (ERP).Methods: Fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), axial diffusivity (AD) and mean diffusivity (MD) were estimated using FMRIB Software Library (FSL). The images were registered to a study-specific template using a longitudinal pipeline based on full tensor information in DTI-TK. Voxel-based analysis was performed using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Using SPSS, we compared the integrity in three bilateral regions of interest (ROI), the sagittal stratum, posterior thalamic radiation and cingulum, in 32 OCD patients and 30 matched healthy controls at baseline. Patients received a four-day concentrated ERP format. We investigated longitudinal changes in 26 OCD patients and 22 healthy controls at 3months follow-up using repeated-measures ANOVA. Exploratory t-tests were conducted for AD and MD. Secondary hypothesis used linear regression to investigate if baseline FA predict treatment outcome 3 months later, and if patients with illness onset before 18 years of age would show lower FA in sagittal stratum. Finally, we performed sensitivity analysis on medication and comorbidity influences on FA.Results: Three months after treatment, 77% of the patients were in remission. Contrary to our hypotheses, we did not find any significant differences in FA, RD, AD or MD between the groups before treatment, nor significant group by time effects in any of the ROI. None of the baseline FA measures significantly predicted treatment outcome. Illness onset before 18 years of age did not significantly predict FA in the sagittal stratum. Adjusting for medication or comorbid anxiety or mood disorder did not influence the results.Conclusions: Although concentrated ERP in OCD lead to high remission, we did not find significant long-term changes by DTI. Future studies will benefit from using larger sample sizes and multi-shell diffusion-weighted imaging when investigating white matter microstructure in OCD and underlying neurobiological mechanisms of treatment.

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