scholarly journals An Experimental Aneurysm Model: A Training Model for Neurointerventionalists

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.Q. Grunwald ◽  
B. Romeike ◽  
R. Eymann ◽  
C. Roth ◽  
T. Struffert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Interventional Procedures ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Endovascular Embolization ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Aneurysm ◽  
Occlusion Rate ◽  
The Right

Reproducible animal models not only facilitate the pre-clinical assessment of aneurysm therapy but can also help in training for interventional procedures. The objective of this study was to find an animal model that can be used to test different endovascular occlusion techniques. Aneurysms in the right common carotid artery were created in 35 NZW rabbits by distal ligation and intraluminal elastase infusion. A total of 27 aneurysms were occluded by endovascular embolization with GDC-Coils. The time needed for placement of the microcatheter into the aneurysm by a professional interventionalist, a semi-professional interventionalist and a trainee was measured. The percentage of occlusion (occlusion rate) of the aneurysms was determined angiographically after embolization and again three months later, followed by a histological examination. Aneurysms of 2–6 mm size were reliably created in all 35 animals; mean size was 3.0 mm in height and 5.5 mm in diameter. Occlusion was achieved in 27 animals. Five animals from the group of 35 were initially planned as a control group with no embolization. We added to the control group one animal whose aneurysm could not be occluded endovascularly because of partial thrombosis and small size of the aneurysm. The angiographically determined mean occlusion rate was 89.5% ± 11.3% standard deviation. Histological evaluation of the six aneurysms of the control group showed that they remained patent. Aneurysms that underwent embolization showed organized thrombus formation with no signs of recanalization. Two animals died from anaesthesia related or embolic complications. The time needed by the professional did not significantly decrease, after a little practice the trainee was nearly as quick as the professional. The beginner showed extensive progress, reducing the time for catheter placement by more than 50%. This paper describes the angiographic and histopathologic findings and also demonstrates possible methods for training in interventional procedures. Animal models will play a vital part in the training of future interventionalists. This model has the capability of testing different embolization devices (GDC, Onyx®) and methods. Histologic long-term prognosis and the physical effect of the coils can be evaluated with this model.

scholarly journals A New Coated Nitinol Occluder for Transcatheter Closure of Ventricular Septal Defects in a Canine Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhou ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Xinmiao Huang ◽  
Xianxian Zhao ◽  
Hong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
New Type ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
The Right ◽  
Microscopy Examination

Aims. This study evaluated feasibility and safety of implanting the polyester-coated nitinol ventricular septal defect occluder (pcVSDO) in the canine model.Methods and Results. VSD models were successfully established by transseptal ventricular septal puncture via the right jugular vein in 15 out of 18 canines. Two types of VSDOs were implanted, either with pcVSDOs (n=8) as the new type occluder group or with the commercial ventricular septal defect occluders (VSDOs,n=7, Shanghai Sharp Memory Alloy Co. Ltd.) as the control group. Sheath size was 10 French (10 Fr) in two groups. Then the general state of the canines was observed after implantation. ECG and TTE were performed, respectively, at 7, 30, 90 days of follow-up. The canines were sacrificed at these time points for pathological and scanning electron microscopy examination. The devices were successfully implanted in all 15 canines and were retrievable and repositionable. There was no thrombus formation on the device or occurrence of complete heart block. The pcVSDO surface implanted at day 7 was already covered with neotissue by gross examination, and it completed endothelialization at day 30, while the commercial VSDO was covered with the neotissue in 30th day and the complete endothelialization in 90th day.Conclusion. The study shows that pcVSDO is feasible and safe to close canine VSD model and has good biocompatibility and shorter time of endothelialization.

scholarly journals Animal models of ovariectomy in rats demonstrate characteristics similar to early stage osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Aparecida Casonato ◽  
Camila Marques de Araújo ◽  
Mariane Santos Trevisan ◽  
Cristina Arrais Lima ◽  
Fernando Augusto Vasilceac
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intermediate Region ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Deep Region

Abstract Purpose The aim of our study is to analyze the model of ovariectomy (OVX) in rats reproduced histological changes of osteoarthritis (OA). Methods For the development of the research, 12 Wistar rats were used, divided into 2 equal groups: Control Group - C (n = 6) and Osteoarthritis Group - OA (n = 6). After the 6-month experimental period, all rats were sacrificed and, subsequently, the entire knee joint complex was removed without disarticulation. For the histological evaluation of the tissue, the recommendations of the International Society for Research in OA (OARSI) were used. For data processing, each evaluation was statistically treated in both groups, comparing data from group C with the group OA. Results: Through the histological evaluation of OARSI, the evolution of OA in various tissues of the joint was evaluated. Although the OA group showed noticeable differences from group C, they were not as significant. Thus, only statistically significant favors were presented in the loss of the cartilaginous matrix (OA and C, p = 0.51), considering that the changes in the loss of ECM occurred only at the depth of 0% (superficial region), but at the depth of 50% (intermediate region) and 100% depth (deep region) did not exist. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that the OVX model is a good model to discuss OA, showing histological changes similar to those found in OA, the model demonstrated to have a progressive and slow characteristic since after the OARSI evaluations, prominent evidence was found in the initial manifestations of OA.

Abstract 443: Absence of Pro-Protein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 6 Increases Flow-Mediated Outward Remodeling in the Mouse Common Carotid Artery

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Röhl ◽  
Anders Arner ◽  
Kenneth Caidahl ◽  
Ulf Hedin ◽  
Ljubica Perisic Matic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteases ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
The Right ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

Objective: Proprotein convertases (PCSKs) process matrix metalloproteases and cytokines but their function in vasculature is largely unknown. Previously, we demonstrated upregulation of PCSK6 in atherosclerotic plaques, localization to smooth muscle cells in the fibrous cap and positive correlation to inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling and cytokines. Here, our aim was to evaluate the effects of PCSK6 on flow-mediated vascular remodeling in mice using high-frequency ultrasound and myography. Materials and Methods: PCSK6 -/- and C57Bl/6J mice were compared in this study divided in baseline control and increased flow groups. Increased flow was created in the right common carotid artery (CCA) by ligation of the left CCA. All animals were subjected to high-frequency ultrasound examination prior to surgery, at 3 and 5 weeks after surgery. Upon euthanization 6 weeks post-surgery the right CCA was harvested for myography evaluation, subsequently fixed at optimal stretch and prepared for histological evaluation. Results: The vascular circumference at optimal stretch in myography was strongly correlated (Pearson r=0.74, p<0.001) and in agreement with the diastolic circumference measured by high-frequency ultrasound in examined animals. A significant increase in diastolic circumference was seen at 3 and 5 weeks after surgery in PCSK6 -/- mice with increased flow compared to PCSK6 -/- control group (1.6±0.15 mm vs 1.4±0.08 mm, p<0.05 and 1.7±0.09 mm vs 1.4±0.12 mm, p<0.01). Myography revealed a significant increase in circumference at optimal stretch (1.7±0.21 mm vs 1.4±0.08 mm, p<0.05) in PCSK6 -/- mice subjected to increased flow compared to PCSK6 -/- control group. A significant flow-mediated increase in medial contractility was identified (0.68±0.14 mN/mm vs 0.45±0.11 mN/mm, p<0.05) in C57Bl/6J mice compared to C57Bl/6J control where as an absence of flow-mediated increase in medial contractility was seen in PCSK6 -/- mice. Conclusion: Absence of PCSK6 increases outward remodeling and reduces medial contractility in response to increased blood flow.

Thrombosis after umbilical venous catheterisation: prospective study with serial ultrasound

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerdina H Dubbink-Verheij ◽  
Remco Visser ◽  
Arno A Roest ◽  
Cornelia Heleen van Ommen ◽  
Arjan B te Pas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Expectant Management ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Umbilical Catheters ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lost To Follow Up ◽  
Umbilical Catheterisation

BackgroundUmbilical venous catheters (UVCs) are associated with thrombus formation. Most studies on thrombosis in infants with UVCs focus on only one part of the route, and none assessed a control group of infants without UVCs.ObjectiveTo determine the incidence and location of thrombi in infants after umbilical catheterisation and compare this with a control group of infants without umbilical catheters.DesignProspective observational study with serial ultrasonography of the UVC route from the umbilico-portal confluence to the heart. Ultrasonography was performed until day 14 after catheterisation in cases and day 14 after birth in controls.ResultsThrombi in the UVC route were detected in 75% (30/40) of infants with UVCs in the study group, whereas no thrombi were detected in the control group of infants without UVCs (0/20) (p<0.001). Six thrombi (20%) were located in the right atrium. Most of these were also partly present in the ductus venosus. Six thrombi (20%) were located in the ductus venosus only, and in 12 infants (40%), the thrombus was at least partly located in the umbilico-portal confluence. Thrombi persisted after UVC removal in 25/30 cases. Two infants with thrombotic events were treated with low-molecular-weight heparin and resolution was found. In the other 23 infants managed expectantly, 2 died due to necrotising enterocolitis, 1 was lost to follow-up and in 20 spontaneous regression was seen.ConclusionsThrombotic events occur frequently in infants after umbilical catheterisation. Most thrombi were asymptomatic and regressed spontaneously with expectant management. Routine screening for thrombi in UVCs is therefore not advised.

scholarly journals Effect of intra-articular dexmedetomidine on experimental osteoarthritis in rats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245194
Author(s):  
Lyvia Maria Rodrigues de Sousa Gomes ◽  
Nicolau Gregori Czeczko ◽  
Rayanne Luiza Tajra Mualem Araújo ◽  
Maria do Socorro de Sousa Cartagenes ◽  
José Osvaldo Barbosa Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Membrane ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Induction Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Monosodium Iodoacetate ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Right

Pharmacological treatment of osteoarthritis is still inadequate due to the low efficacy of the drugs used. Dexmedetomidine via the intra-articular (i.a.) route might be an option for the treatment of osteoarthritis-associated pain. The present study assessed the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of dexmedetomidine administered via the i.a. route in different doses in an experimental model of rat knee osteoarthritis induced with monosodium iodoacetate. Rats were allocated to four groups with 24 animals in each group. The OA (osteoarthritis), DEX-1 (dexmedetomidine in dose of 1μg/kg) and DEX-3 (dexmedetomidine in dose of 3μg/kg) groups were subjected to induction of osteoarthritis through injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) via the i.a. route on the right knee; the control group was not subjected to osteoarthritis induction. Clinical assessment was performed on day 0 (before osteoarthritis induction) and then on days 5, 10, 14, 21 and 28 after induction. Treatment was performed on day 7 via the i.a. route, consisting of dexmedetomidine in doses of 1 and 3 μg/kg, while group OA received 0.9% normal saline. The animals were euthanized on days 7, 14, 21 and 28. Samples of the synovial membrane were collected for histopathological analysis, and the popliteal lymph nodes were collected for measurement of cytokines (interleukin [IL] IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]). Dexmedetomidine (1 and 3 μg/kg) significantly reduced the animals’ weight distribution deficit during the chronic-degenerative stage of osteoarthritis and improved the pain threshold throughout the entire experiment. Histological analysis showed that dexmedetomidine did not cause any additional damage to the synovial membrane. The TNF-α levels decreased significantly in the DEX-3 group on day 28 compared with the OA group. Dexmedetomidine reduced pain, as evidenced by clinical parameters of osteoarthritis in rats, but did not have an anti-inflammatory effect on histological evaluation.

scholarly journals The Effect of Life Kinetik Training Models to Improve Self-Confidence in Team and Individuals Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-226
Author(s):  
Komarudin Komarudin ◽  
Boyke Mulyana ◽  
Geraldi Novian
Keyword(s):  
Team Sports ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Training Models ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Right ◽  
Individual Sports ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Athletes are known to have confidence in individual abilities. Meanwhile, athletes that lack self-confidence often doubt their ability to perform at best. To increase self-confidence, it is necessary to train with the right model such as Life Kinetik training. Objectives: This study aims to examine the effect and differences in Life Kinetik and conventional training model to improve self-confidence in the team and individual athletes. Methods: This was an experimental study conducted using the “pre-posttest control group design.” The athlete’s confidence was tested pre and post-training treatments. Meanwhile, the study population, involving male athletes (mean age 17.4 ± 1.65 years), was from one of the state universities in Indonesia. Thirty-four tested athletes actively trained and competed in team sports, while thirty-two athletes engaged in an individual sport. Moreover, subjects were divided into two groups through random assignment, namely experimental and control groups. The experimental group used the Life Kinetik training model for eleven sessions, twice a week whereas, the control group utilized a conventional training model. Besides, data analysis was carried out using the t-test and MANOVA with SPSS version 24 for Windows. Results: The results showed that the Life Kinetik and conventional training model significantly increased self-confidence in the team and individual athletes. Furthermore, there were differences in the effect of the Life Kinetik and conventional training model on increasing the athlete's confidence in the team and individual sports. Conclusion: Based on the results, the Life Kinetik and conventional training models improve athletes' confidence. Meanwhile, there were differences in the effect of the Life Kinetik and conventional training models on increasing the athlete's confidence in the team and individual sports. The Life Kinetik training model is more effective compared to the conventional model. Therefore, the Life Kinetik training model can be recommended to train the self-confidence of athletes.

The Modification of Experimental Occlusive Arterial Thrombosis in the Rat by Malayan Pit Viper Venom

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E Chan
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Thrombosis ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Arterial Occlusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antithrombotic Effect ◽  
Daily Dose

SummaryThe effect of Malayan pit viper (Ancistrodon rhodostoma) venom on the fate of experimental arterial thrombosis was studied in rats. A suitable daily dose of venom (500 μg) was used to induce hypofibrinogenaemia in the treated rats for the greater part of each of three consecutive post-operative days.The treated animals showed a statistically significant overall reduction in the incidence of both red thrombus formation and thrombotic arterial occlusion when compared to a control group. This antithrombotic effect of the venom could be observed in the 7-day period following the cessation of the treatment.

Correlation of Metabolic Risk Factors with Sessile Serrated Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Melania Macarie ◽  
Simona Bataga ◽  
Simona Mocan ◽  
Monica Pantea ◽  
Razvan Opaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Interval Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
Serrated Lesions ◽  
The Right

Background and Aims: The importance of sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma has been recently established. These are supposed to cause the so-called “interval cancer”, having a rapidly progressive growth and being difficult to detect and to obtain an endoscopic complete resection. We aimed to establish the most important metabolic risk factors for sessile serrated lesions. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study, on a series of 2918 consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy in Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Târgu-Mureș, Romania between 1 st of January 2015-31 th of December 2017. In order to evaluate the metabolic risk factors for polyps’ development, enrolled participants were stratified in two groups, a study group, 33 patients with SSLs lesions, and a control group, 138 patients with adenomatous polyps, selected by systematic sampling for age and anatomical site. Independent variables investigated were: gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, nonalcoholic liver disease. Results: For SSLs the most common encountered localization was the right colon in 30.55% of cases. By comparative bivariate analysis between SSLs group and control group, it was observed that hypertension (p=0.03, OR 2.33, 95 %CI 1.03-5.24), obesity (p=0.03, OR 2.61, 95 %CI 1.08-6.30), hyperuricemia (p=0.04, OR 2.72, 95 %CI 1.28-7.55), high cholesterol (p=0.002, OR 3.42; 95 %CI 1.48-7.87), and high triglycerides level (p=0.0006, OR 5.75; 95 %CI 1.92-17.2) were statistically associated with SSLs development. By multivariate analysis hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia retained statistical significance. Conclusions: Our study showed that the highest prevalence of SSLs was in the right colon and hypertension and increased triglycerides levels were associated with the risk of SSLs development. These risk factors are easy to detect in clinical practice and may help identifying groups with high risk for colorectal cancer, where screening is recommended.

Early Predictive Biochemical, Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Markers for Cardiac Damage in Patients with Pulmonic Silicosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venera Cristina Dinescu ◽  
Ileana Puiu ◽  
Sorin Nicolae Dinescu ◽  
Diana Rodica Tudorascu ◽  
Elena Catalina Bica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Pulmonary Heart Disease ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters ◽  
The Right ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease

The aim of this study was to identify correlations between electrocardiographic and echocardiographic changes in patients with silicosis prior to the occurrence of chronic pulmonary heart disease. We conducted a prospective, descriptive, analytical study, in which we included a group of 67 patients consecutively admitted to the Health Promotion and Occupational Medicine Clinic between December 2016 and January 2018, aged 47 to 78 years.There was a biochemical and electrocardiographic evaluation for each patient as well as a right ventricle echocardiographic evaluation (diameters, volumes, function). A control group, including 25 patients with benign minor diseases that required a cardiologist consultation, was also used. From the electrocardiographic point of view, slight changes were observed regarding the waves of electrical activity of the right ventricle. Taking into account the degree of ventilatory dysfunction (depending on FEV1), changes in right heart echocardiographic parameters were identified. Thus, in what the most important right ventricular parameters, including the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) or the RV index of myocardial performance (RVMPI) were concerned, values at the upper limit of normality were recorded in most patients with moderate and severe ventilatory dysfunction. Values of echocardiographic parameters of the right heart at the upper limit of normality, correlated with the degree of ventilatory dysfunction, are early markers for cardiovascular damage in patients with pulmonary silicosis prior to the occurrence of chronic pulmonary heart disease also known ascor pulmonale.

Evaluation of Ovaries in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome using Shear Wave Elastography

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-583
Author(s):  
Aysegul Altunkeser ◽  
Zeynep Ozturk Inal ◽  
Nahide Baran
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Elasticity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
The Right

Background: Shear wave electrography (SWE) is a novel non-invasive imaging technique which demonstrate tissue elasticity. Recent research evaluating the elasticity properties of normal and pathological tissues emphasize the diagnostic importance of this technique. Aims: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is characterized by menstrual irregularity, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic overgrowth, may cause infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the elasticity of ovaries in patients with PCOS using SWE. Methods: 66 patients diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria (PCOS = group I) and 72 patients with non-PCOS (Control = group II), were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants were recorded. Ovarian elasticity was assessed in all patients with SWE, and speed values were obtained from the ovaries. The elasticity of the ovaries was compared between the two groups. Results: While there were statistically significant differences between the groups in body mass index (BMI), right and left ovarian volumes, luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels (p<0.05), no significant differences were found between groups I and II in the velocity (for the right ovary 3.89±1.81 vs. 2.93±0.72, p=0.301; for the left ovary 2.88±0.65 vs. 2.95±0.80, p=0.577) and elastography (for the right ovary 36.62±17.78 vs. 36.79±14.32, p=0.3952; for the left ovary 36.56±14.15 vs. 36.26±15.10, p=0.903) values, respectively. Conclusion: We could not obtain different velocity and elastography values from the ovaries of the patients with PCOS using SWE. Therefore, further large-scale studies are needed to elucidate this issue.

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