Finding Meaning With Creativity in the Past, Present, and Future

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Connection ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Temporal Model ◽  
The Many ◽  
Desirable Trait

Being creative is considered a desirable trait, yet most empirical studies emphasize how to increase creativity rather than explore its possible benefits. A natural connection is how creativity can enhance life’s meaning. Many of the core concepts in work on the meaning of life, such as the needs for coherence, significance, and purpose or the desire for symbolic immortality, can be reached through creative activity. The synthesis of these two constructs—creativity and the meaning of life—is discussed with a temporal model encompassing past, present, and future pathways to creativity. The past pathway can help one understand and reflect on life. The present pathway can remind one of life’s joy and the many possible connections with humanity. Finally, the future pathway strives to ensure some type of legacy that may resonate with younger generations.

scholarly journals The many roads to psychosis: recent advances in understanding risk and mechanisms

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie E. Bearden ◽  
Jennifer K. Forsyth
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
New Findings ◽  
The Many ◽  
Major Progress

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental illness which frequently leads to substantial lifelong disability. The past five years have seen major progress in our understanding of the complex genetic architecture of this disorder. Two major barriers to understanding the core biological processes that underlie schizophrenia and developing better interventions are (1) the absence of etiologically defined biomarkers and (2) the clinical and genetic heterogeneity of the disorder. Here, we review recent advances that have led to changes in our understanding of risk factors and mechanisms involved in the development of schizophrenia. In particular, mechanistic and clinically oriented approaches have now converged on a focus on disruptions in early neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity as being critical for both understanding trajectories and intervening to change them. Translating these new findings into treatments that substantively change the lives of patients is the next major challenge for the field.

scholarly journals Constructivist strategy for health science education

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Klopper
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Science Education ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Health Science ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health Science Education ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Science Educators

The aim of this paper was to explore and describe a constructivist strategy for Health Science Educators. Changes in the higher education field in South Africa have impacted on the practice of health science educators. In the past, health science educators often envisaged their teaching task as  the transmission of content. This however no longer meets the needs of our practices.  In order to describe the strategy, the survey list of Dickoff, James and Wiedenbach (1968) was used to identify the core concepts. Each of the identified concepts was then described based on a literature review. The strategy advocates that health science  educators should shift from being lecturers to being learning facilitators based on the principles of constructivist learning, in order to create a context conducive to learning.

Free Banking

2015 ◽  
pp. 212-244
Author(s):  
Kevin Dowd
Keyword(s):  
Government Intervention ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Free Banking ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Objective ◽  
Core Theory ◽  
The Many

This chapter provides an overview of the issues raised by free banking. A central objective is to set out the core theory of free banking, draw out its predictions, and then compare those predictions against the abundant historical evidence from the many free (or relatively free) banking systems of the past. The evidence is largely supportive of the predictions of free banking theory and, in particular, of its claim that an unregulated banking system would be stable. The evidence also supports the predictions made by free banking theory that government intervention weakens the financial system—often in profound and misunderstood ways—and causes many of the problems it is ostensibly meant to cure.

“A TAX ON THE MANY, TO ENRICH A FEW”: JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY VS. THE PROTECTIVE TARIFF

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-289
Author(s):  
William S. Belko
Keyword(s):  
Majority Rule ◽  
The United States ◽  
Andrew Jackson ◽  
The Core ◽  
Protective System ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Jacksonian Democracy ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual

The core concepts underlying Jacksonian Democracy—equal protection of the laws; an aversion to a moneyed aristocracy, exclusive privileges, and monopolies, and a predilection for the common man; majority rule; and the welfare of the community over the individual—have long been defined almost exclusively by the Bank War, which commenced in earnest with the election of Andrew Jackson in 1828. Yet, this same rhetoric proved far more pervasive and consistent when one considers the ardent opposition to the protective system. Opponents of the protective tariff, commencing with the Tariff of 1816 and continuing unabated to the Walker Tariff of 1846, thus contributed directly to the development of Jacksonian Democracy, and, by introducing and continually employing this language, gave to the tariff debates in the United States a unique angle that differed from the debates in Europe.

Misresponse to Survey Questions: A Conceptual Framework and Empirical Test of the Effects of Reversals, Negations, and Polar Opposite Core Concepts

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 869-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Baumgartner ◽  
Bert Weijters ◽  
Rik Pieters
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
Underlying Process ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Item Responses ◽  
Polar Opposite

The authors propose a conceptual framework of misresponse to multi-item scales in surveys in which misresponse to items that are reversed relative to other items (reversal misresponse) is differentiated from misresponse to items that are negated (negation misresponse) and from misresponse to items whose core concept is the opposite of the core concept in regular items (polar opposite misresponse). The framework specifies two broad mechanisms to account for the three forms of misresponse: lack of motivation to process items in detail (“inattention”) and lack of ability to comprehend items accurately (“difficulty”). The authors propose a procedure to identify potential misresponse effects on the observed item responses and factor loadings, and they report two empirical studies to test the framework; the second study uses eye movement recordings to examine the underlying process. The findings reveal that polar opposite, reversed, and negated items contribute to misresponse to varying degrees and that difficulty rather than inattention may be a more potent cause of misresponse in surveys than has traditionally been acknowledged.

scholarly journals Do Emotions Play an Essential Role in Moral Judgments?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H.B. McAuliffe
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
The Self ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Core Concepts

The past few decades of moral psychology research have yielded empirical anomalies forrationalist theories of moral judgments. An increasing number of psychologists and philosophersargue that these anomalies are explained well by sentimentalism, the thesis that the presence ofan emotion is necessary for the formation of a sincere moral judgment. The present reviewreveals that while emotions and moral judgments indeed often co-occur, there is scant evidencethat emotions directly cause or constitute moral judgments. Research on disgust, anger,sympathy, and guilt indicates that people only reliably experience emotions when judgingconduct that is relevant to the welfare of the self and valued others. Moreover, many recentstudies have either failed to replicate or exposed crucial confounds in the most cited evidence insupport of sentimentalism. Moral psychologists should jettison sentimentalism, and focus insteadon how considerations of harm and welfare—the core concepts of rationalist theories— interactwith empirical beliefs to shape moral judgments.

A Rigorous Dialectic: Writing and Thinking in History

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Jack Schneider ◽  
Sivan Zakai
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Historical Thinking ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Specific Reading ◽  
The Many ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Background Context

Background/Context As prior research has established, historical thinking is shaped by disciplinary-specific reading and writing. Yet while our understanding of historical reading is relatively strong, our understanding of historical writing—and particularly, the core processes at work in historical writing—is less robust. Purpose This research project seeks to advance our collective understanding of historical writing by categorizing the core processes at work in the development of expertise. Participants The study examined the work of doctoral students beginning to write their dissertations. As graduate students pursuing Ph.D.s from top research universities, they were experienced in the role of history; but as writers of history, they were novices learning to construct historical scholarship. Research Design A qualitative study drawing upon survey and interview data, this project traces the historical writing process of a group of writers working on sustained historical writing projects across a year of their development. Findings Among the many skills of historical writers, four particular authorial dispositions stand out as critical. Historical writers, we find, are adept at finding patterns; they are adept at telling engaging and plausible stories; they are adept at modifying their positions; and they are adept at faithfully translating the “foreignness” of the past for a wider audience. Conclusions We recommend that K—12 and college educators establish clear goals with regard to what they want students to be able to do, and that they include among those goals the signature competencies of historical writers.

On Future Directions in Pathology

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 274-277
Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Trump ◽  
Irene K. Berezesky ◽  
Raymond T. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Diagnostic Pathology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Many

The role of electron microscopy and associated techniques is assured in diagnostic pathology. At the present time, most of the progress has been made on tissues examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with light microscopy (LM) and by cytochemistry using both plastic and paraffin-embedded materials. As mentioned elsewhere in this symposium, this has revolutionized many fields of pathology including diagnostic, anatomic and clinical pathology. It began with the kidney; however, it has now been extended to most other organ systems and to tumor diagnosis in general. The results of the past few years tend to indicate the future directions and needs of this expanding field. Now, in addition to routine EM, pathologists have access to the many newly developed methods and instruments mentioned below which should aid considerably not only in diagnostic pathology but in investigative pathology as well.

A 200-Year History of the Study of Childhood Language Disorders of Unknown Origin: Changes in Terminology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence B. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

Purpose The current “specific language impairment” and “developmental language disorder” discussion might lead to important changes in how we refer to children with language disorders of unknown origin. The field has seen other changes in terminology. This article reviews many of these changes. Method A literature review of previous clinical labels was conducted, and possible reasons for the changes in labels were identified. Results References to children with significant yet unexplained deficits in language ability have been part of the scientific literature since, at least, the early 1800s. Terms have changed from those with a neurological emphasis to those that do not imply a cause for the language disorder. Diagnostic criteria have become more explicit but have become, at certain points, too narrow to represent the wider range of children with language disorders of unknown origin. Conclusions The field was not well served by the many changes in terminology that have transpired in the past. A new label at this point must be accompanied by strong efforts to recruit its adoption by clinical speech-language pathologists and the general public.

The Core Concepts, Skills, and Components Curriculum: Increasing Trauma Expertise in Practitioners

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Layne ◽  
Abigail Gewirtz ◽  
Chandra Ghosh Ippen ◽  
Renee Dominguez ◽  
Robert Abramovitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Core ◽  
Core Concepts
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