scholarly journals Effect of Coriander Oil (Coriandrum sativum) on Planktonic and Biofilm Cells of Acinetobacter baumannii

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia F. Duarte ◽  
Susana Ferreira ◽  
Rosário Oliveira ◽  
Fernanda C. Domingues
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Microtiter Plates ◽  
Crystal Violet Assay ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Microdilution Broth ◽  
Susceptibility Assay

The increasing incidence of hospital-acquired infections caused by multi-drug resistant pathogens, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, coupled with the low efficacy of drugs and rising treatment costs has created interest in the potential antimicrobial properties of natural products. The main objective of this work was to determine the effect of coriander essential oil on Acinetobacter baumannii in different growth phases, as well as its ability to inhibit the formation or eradication of biofilms. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of coriander oil using a microdilution broth susceptibility assay was determined. The effects of different concentrations of coriander oil (ranging from 0.125 to 4×MIC) on biofilm formation and on established biofilm were tested using 96-well microtiter plates. Crystal violet assay was used as indicator of total biofilm biomass and the biofilm viability was assessed with a XTT staining method. It was found that coriander oil presented significant antibacterial activity against all tested strains of A. baumannii, with MIC values between 1 and 4 μL/mL. The MBC values were the same as the MIC, being an indicator of the bactericidal activity of this essential oil. In what concerns the effect of this essential oil on biofilm formation inhibition was observed of at least 85% of biomass formation by all A. baumannii strains using 2×MIC of coriander oil, in addition to a decrease in the metabolic activity of the cells. After exposure to coriander oil, a decrease in 24 h and 48 h-old biofilm biomass and metabolism was seen for all tested concentrations, even with sub-inhibitory concentrations. Coriander essential oil proved to have a significant antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity and should be considered in the development of future disinfectants to control A. baumannii dissemination.

scholarly journals Lon Protease Has Multifaceted Biological Functions inAcinetobacter baumannii

2018 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carly Ching ◽  
Brendan Yang ◽  
Chineme Onwubueke ◽  
David Lazinski ◽  
Andrew Camilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Lon Protease ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Hospital Acquired

ABSTRACTAcinetobacter baumanniiis a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that is known to survive harsh environmental conditions and is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections. Specifically, multicellular communities (known as biofilms) ofA. baumanniican withstand desiccation and survive on hospital surfaces and equipment. Biofilms are bacteria embedded in a self-produced extracellular matrix composed of proteins, sugars, and/or DNA. Bacteria in a biofilm are protected from environmental stresses, including antibiotics, which provides the bacteria with selective advantage for survival. Although some gene products are known to play roles in this developmental process inA. baumannii, mechanisms and signaling remain mostly unknown. Here, we find that Lon protease inA. baumanniiaffects biofilm development and has other important physiological roles, including motility and the cell envelope. Lon proteases are found in all domains of life, participating in regulatory processes and maintaining cellular homeostasis. These data reveal the importance of Lon protease in influencing keyA. baumanniiprocesses to survive stress and to maintain viability.IMPORTANCEAcinetobacter baumanniiis an opportunistic pathogen and is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections.A. baumanniiis difficult to eradicate and to manage, because this bacterium is known to robustly survive desiccation and to quickly gain antibiotic resistance. We sought to investigate biofilm formation inA. baumannii, since much remains unknown about biofilm formation in this bacterium. Biofilms, which are multicellular communities of bacteria, are surface attached and difficult to eliminate from hospital equipment and implanted devices. Our research identifies multifaceted physiological roles for the conserved bacterial protease Lon inA. baumannii. These roles include biofilm formation, motility, and viability. This work broadly affects and expands understanding of the biology ofA. baumannii, which will permit us to find effective ways to eliminate the bacterium.

scholarly journals Nosocomial Neonatal Meningitis with Acinetobacter Baumannii on Myelomeningocele: A Real Therapeutic Challenge

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Adil Fouad ◽  
Fatiha Bennaoui ◽  
Nadia El Idrissi Slitine ◽  
Nabila Soraa ◽  
FMR Maoulainine
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Neonatal Meningitis ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Therapeutic Challenge ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii meningitis is a hospital-acquired infection, the treatment of which constitutes a real therapeutic challenge. In this article, together with a review of the literature, we report two cases of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii neonatal meningitis following ruptured myelomeningocele, treated with intravenous colistin with favorable results. In recent years, Acinetobacter baumannii has become a more and more commonly described pathogen in hospital-acquired infections. However, the cases of meningitis are mainly postoperative and are still not quite frequently described in the literature. Colistin appears to be preferably administered intravenously at a dose of 100.000 IU/kg/day.

scholarly journals Defining Gene-Phenotype Relationships in Acinetobacter baumannii through One-Step Chromosomal Gene Inactivation

mBio ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley T. Tucker ◽  
Emily M. Nowicki ◽  
Joseph M. Boll ◽  
Gregory A. Knauf ◽  
Nora C. Burdis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stress Protection ◽  
Biocide Resistance ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Oxidative Stress Protection

ABSTRACTRates of infection with hospital-acquiredAcinetobacter baumanniihave exploded over the past decade due to our inability to limit persistence and effectively treat disease.A. baumanniiquickly acquires antibiotic resistance, and its genome encodes mechanisms to tolerate biocides and desiccation, which enhance its persistence in hospital settings. With depleted antibiotic options, new methods to treatA. baumanniiinfections are desperately needed. A comprehensive understanding detailingA. baumanniicellular factors that contribute to its resiliency at genetic and mechanistic levels is vital to the development of new treatment options. Tools to rapidly dissect theA. baumanniigenome will facilitate this goal by quickly advancing our understanding ofA. baumanniigene-phenotype relationships. We describe here a recombination-mediated genetic engineering (recombineering) system for targeted genome editing ofA. baumannii. We have demonstrated that this system can perform directed mutagenesis on wide-ranging genes and operons and is functional in various strains ofA. baumannii, indicating its broad application. We utilized this system to investigate key gene-phenotype relationships inA. baumanniibiology important to infection and persistence in hospitals, including oxidative stress protection, biocide resistance mechanisms, and biofilm formation. In addition, we have demonstrated that both the formation and movement of type IV pili play an important role inA. baumanniibiofilm.IMPORTANCEAcinetobacter baumanniiis the causative agent of hospital-acquired infections, including pneumonia and serious blood and wound infections.A. baumanniiis an emerging pathogen and has become a threat to public health because it quickly develops antibiotic resistance, making treatment difficult or impossible. While the threat ofA. baumanniiis well recognized, our understanding of even its most basic biology lags behind. Analysis ofA. baumanniicellular functions to identify potential targets for drug development has stalled due in part to laborious genetic techniques. Here we have pioneered a novel recombineering system that facilitates efficient genome editing inA. baumanniiby single PCR products. This technology allows for rapid genome editing to quickly ascertain gene-phenotype relationships. To demonstrate the power of recombineering in dissectingA. baumanniibiology, we use this system to establish key gene-phenotype relationships important to infection and persistence in hospitals, including oxidative stress protection, biocide resistance, and biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Comparative Biofilm Assays Using Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF Identify New Determinants of Biofilm Formation

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia L. E. Willett ◽  
Jennifer L. Dale ◽  
Lucy M. Kwiatkowski ◽  
Jennifer L. Powers ◽  
Michelle L. Korir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

E. faecalis is an opportunistic pathogen and a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections, in part due to its ability to form biofilms. A complete understanding of the genes required for E. faecalis biofilm formation as well as specific features of biofilm morphology related to nutrient availability and growth conditions is crucial for understanding how E. faecalis biofilm-associated infections develop and resist treatment in patients.

scholarly journals Transmission of Hypervirulent Acinetobacter baumannii Between General and Intensive Care Unit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhang ◽  
Jinyong Zhang ◽  
Shiyi Liu ◽  
Yuxin Zhong ◽  
Yuemei Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
General Ward ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Transmission Chain ◽  
Virulence Potential ◽  
Epidemiology Data ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract Background Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important microorganisms associated with hospital-acquired infections and nosocomial outbreaks.Aim We investigate a hypervirulent A. baumannii outbreak with aim to identify the transmission mediator.Methods We investigated an outbreak in respiratory intensive critical care unit (RICU) and respiratory medicine unit (RMU) based on whole genome sequencing (WGS) and epidemiology data. Virulence potential was performed in a mouse model.Results Eight and two CRAB isolates were isolated in RICU and RMU during August 2018. Four fatal cases were all involved in a transmission event. In vivo test confirmed the hypervirulence phenotype of the isolates. We inferred that the portable devices were probably the mediator of the transmission based on the transmission chain and epidemiology data. We isolated an hypervirulent CRAB from the screen of portable ventilator. Portable devices disinfection using vaporized hydrogen peroxide and avoiding the sharing of devices between general ward and ICU successfully blocked the further transmission.Conclusions An emerging hypervirulent A. baumannii with enhanced virulence has successfully colonized on the surface of mobile medical device. Sharing these mobile devices may lead to spread between the general ward and ICU. The new transmission chain construction tool is useful to the outbreak investigation.

scholarly journals Antibiofilm Activity of Methanol Extract of Rumex dentatus Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Maryam Pezeshki Najafabadi ◽  
Maryam Mohammadi-Sichani ◽  
Mohammad Javad Kazemi ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Shirsalimian ◽  
Majid Tavakoli
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa makes up a sizeable proportion of hospital-acquired infections, because bacteria in biofilms can resist antibiotic treatment. The extracellular polymeric substance of P. aeruginosa biofilm is an imprecise collection of extracellular polysaccharides, proteins and microbial cells. Rumex dentatus belongs to polygonaceae family. This family can be found in Middle East. The aim of this present study was to assess the effect of various concentrations of methanol extract of Rumex dentatus on biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa after 48 h and 72 h. In this experimental study we collected Rumex dentatus from Khoramabad, Iran. The working extracts were 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.62, 7.81, 3.9, 1.95, 0.97 and 0.48 mg/ml. We used microtiter plate method to grow P. aeruginosa biofilm and assess the antibiofilm activity of plant extract. The composition of methanol extract obtained from Rumex dentatus was studied by gas chromatography. The minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) for P. aeruginosa found to be 250 mg/ml. GC-MS  analyses indicated that these fractions contained a variety of compounds including Bicyclo (3.1.1) heptan- 3 -one, 2, 6, 6- trimethyl,  Bicyclo (3.1.1) heptan, 6, 6- dimethyl and Eucalyptol. There were consequential correlations between antibiofilm activity and the concentration of extracts after 48 and 72 h.

scholarly journals CraA, a Major Facilitator Superfamily Efflux Pump Associated with Chloramphenicol Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 4013-4014 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Roca ◽  
S. Marti ◽  
P. Espinal ◽  
P. Martínez ◽  
I. Gibert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Major Facilitator Superfamily ◽  
Intrinsic Resistance ◽  
Chloramphenicol Resistance ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Major Facilitator ◽  
Hospital Acquired

ABSTRACT Acinetobacter baumannii has been increasingly associated with hospital-acquired infections, and the presence of multidrug resistance strains is of great concern to clinicians. A. baumannii is thought to possess a great deal of intrinsic resistance to several antimicrobial agents, including chloramphenicol, although the mechanisms involved in such resistance are not well understood. In this work, we have identified a major facilitator superfamily efflux pump present in most A. baumannii strains, displaying strong substrate specificity toward chloramphenicol.

scholarly journals Epinephrine affects motility, and increases adhesion, biofilm and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa H103

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélyssa Cambronel ◽  
Damien Tortuel ◽  
Kelly Biaggini ◽  
Olivier Maillot ◽  
Laure Taupin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Physical Effort ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
New Strategies

AbstractMicrobial endocrinology has demonstrated for more than two decades, that eukaryotic substances (hormones, neurotransmitters, molecules of the immune system) can modulate the physiological behavior of bacteria. Among them, the hormones/neurotransmitters, epinephrine (Epi) and norepinephrine (NE), released in case of stress, physical effort or used in medical treatment, were shown to be able to modify biofilm formation in various bacterial species. In the present study, we have evaluated the effect of Epi on motility, adhesion, biofilm formation and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a bacterium linked to many hospital-acquired infections, and responsible for chronic infection in immunocompromised patients including persons suffering from cystic fibrosis. The results showed that Epi increased adhesion and biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa, as well as its virulence towards the Galleria mellonella larvae in vivo model. Deciphering the sensor of this molecule in P. aeruginosa and the molecular mechanisms involved may help to find new strategies of treatment to fight against this bacterium.

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