Moral Character Impression Formation Depends on the Valence Homogeneity of the Context

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 576-585
Author(s):  
Joris Lammers ◽  
Anne Gast ◽  
Christian Unkelbach ◽  
Adam D. Galinsky
Keyword(s):  
Impression Formation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Moral Character ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Economic Games ◽  
Negative Context ◽  
The Future ◽  
Negative Impression

People quickly form impressions about moral character; for example, if people learn that someone cheated, they form a negative impression about that person’s character and expect that person to cheat in the future. Four studies show that the formation of such moral character impressions depends on the degree of valence homogeneity in the target’s context. We argue that this is the case because the degree of homogeneity in the context (the evaluative ecology) informs perceivers about the reliability of signals. Experiments 1 and 2 found that people form less strong impressions about moral character when a person’s behavior occurred in a heterogeneous context, that is, if unrelated positive and negative context information cooccurred. Experiment 3 demonstrated that nonmoral valence homogeneity produces similar effects. In Experiment 4, this effect also influenced strategic decisions in economic games. Together, these studies demonstrate the evaluative ecology plays a critical role in shaping moral character impressions.

Bridging the Knowledge Gaps in Arrhythmogenic Cardiovascular Conditions: The Critical Role of Registries

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody Hermel ◽  
Rebecca Duffy ◽  
Alexander Orfanos ◽  
Isabelle Hack ◽  
Shayna McEnteggart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
The Future

Cardiac registries have filled many gaps in knowledge related to arrhythmogenic cardiovascular conditions. Despite the less robust level of evidence available in registries when compared with clinical trials, registries have contributed a range of clinically useful information. In this review, the authors discuss the role that registries have played – related to diagnosis, natural history, risk stratification, treatment, and genetics of arrhythmogenic cardiovascular conditions – in closing knowledge gaps, and their role in the future.

scholarly journals MaxEnt Modeling Based on CMIP6 Models to Project Potential Suitable Zones for Cunninghamia lanceolata in China

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 752
Author(s):  
Yichen Zhou ◽  
Zengxin Zhang ◽  
Bin Zhu ◽  
Xuefei Cheng ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cunninghamia Lanceolata ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Diurnal Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Suitable Area

Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. (Chinese fir) is one of the main timber species in Southern China, which has a wide planting range that accounts for 25% of the overall afforested area. Moreover, it plays a critical role in soil and water conservation; however, its suitability is subject to climate change. For this study, the appropriate distribution area of C. lanceolata was analyzed using the MaxEnt model based on CMIP6 data, spanning 2041–2060. The results revealed that (1) the minimum temperature of the coldest month (bio6), and the mean diurnal range (bio2) were the most important environmental variables that affected the distribution of C. lanceolata; (2) the currently suitable areas of C. lanceolata were primarily distributed along the southern coastal areas of China, of which 55% were moderately so, while only 18% were highly suitable; (3) the projected suitable area of C. lanceolata would likely expand based on the BCC-CSM2-MR, CanESM5, and MRI-ESM2-0 under different SSPs spanning 2041–2060. The increased area estimated for the future ranged from 0.18 to 0.29 million km2, where the total suitable area of C. lanceolata attained a maximum value of 2.50 million km2 under the SSP3-7.0 scenario, with a lowest value of 2.39 million km2 under the SSP5-8.5 scenario; (4) in combination with land use and farmland protection policies of China, it is estimated that more than 60% of suitable land area could be utilized for C. lanceolata planting from 2041–2060 under different SSP scenarios. Although climate change is having an increasing influence on species distribution, the deleterious impacts of anthropogenic activities cannot be ignored. In the future, further attention should be paid to the investigation of species distribution under the combined impacts of climate change and human activities.

OUR AMERICAN DAUGHTERS (1856)

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-565
Author(s):  
T. E. C.
Keyword(s):  
Moral Character ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
The Self ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Domestic Relations ◽  
The Future

The following editorial published in 1856 in Hall's Journal of Health, a well- read publication of the 1850s, will vividly demonstrate how much our attitude toward rearing our daughters has changed since 1856. OUR DAUGHTERS Are the hope of our country's future. Their physical, moral and domestic education, are of an importance which no array of figures can express, which multitudes of ponderous tomes could not adequately portray. As is the mother, so is the man. If she be a woman of physical vigor, a high guaranty is given of healthy children. If her moral character is pure, formed in the mould of Bible piety, we may anticipate for her offspring, lives of the self same piety, with its benevolent influences spreading far and wide, from all their habitations. If the mother in her domestic relations, be a pattern for all that is cleanly and systematic, and punctual and prompt and persevering, with womanly dignity and lovingness pervading all, then may we look for every son of such a woman to be a man of mark for his time, and for every daughter, to become a wife well worthy of a king. When such destinies hang upon the future of our daughters, ought they to be hurried from a loving mother's side at seventeen, at fifteen, at twelve, to be purchased care of a governess? To the herded tuition of fashionable boarding schools, where glitter and superficiality and empty show predominate; where nothing that is radically useful and good is thorough; where associations are inevitable, with the children of the parvenue, as well as with the scion of the decayed aristocrat, thus exposing the pure heart to the withering and corrupting examples of mere pretence and of baseless pride?

scholarly journals CHARACTER EDUCATION AS THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF SCHOOLING FOR THE FUTURE

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
McRobert Lewis ◽  
Veronica Ponzio
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Moral Character ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Generous Support ◽  
The Common

This analysis seeks to examine the history and development of moral/character education in America during the 20th century providing structure for the character education movement in today’s educational context. The common denominator and key to character education for the future is community. The concept of community connects the three aforementioned themes and provides a roadmap for better implementation of character education. Careful consideration is given to the interaction and contributions of the school and society in terms of promoting and developing character education. Though there is generous support from politicians, educators, and parents, character education is still somewhat mired by its lack of scope. This examination proposes that current character education proponents can find new frameworks for implementation by observing the history of character education.

scholarly journals Development Trends and Perspectives of Future Sensors and MEMS/NEMS

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxiong Zhu ◽  
Xinmiao Liu ◽  
Qiongfeng Shi ◽  
Tianyiyi He ◽  
Zhongda Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Ultrasonic Transducer ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Nanoelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
The Future ◽  
Fast Development

With the fast development of the fifth-generation cellular network technology (5G), the future sensors and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)/nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are presenting a more and more critical role to provide information in our daily life. This review paper introduces the development trends and perspectives of the future sensors and MEMS/NEMS. Starting from the issues of the MEMS fabrication, we introduced typical MEMS sensors for their applications in the Internet of Things (IoTs), such as MEMS physical sensor, MEMS acoustic sensor, and MEMS gas sensor. Toward the trends in intelligence and less power consumption, MEMS components including MEMS/NEMS switch, piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (PMUT), and MEMS energy harvesting were investigated to assist the future sensors, such as event-based or almost zero-power. Furthermore, MEMS rigid substrate toward NEMS flexible-based for flexibility and interface was discussed as another important development trend for next-generation wearable or multi-functional sensors. Around the issues about the big data and human-machine realization for human beings’ manipulation, artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) technologies were finally realized using sensor nodes and its wave identification as future trends for various scenarios.

Strategic Human Resource Allocation for an Internal Labor Market

2002 ◽  
pp. 299-310
Author(s):  
Wilfred S.J. Geerlings ◽  
Alexander Verbraeck ◽  
Jon van Beusekom ◽  
Ron P.T. de Groot ◽  
Gino Damen
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Manpower Planning ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Business Objectives ◽  
Forecasting Models ◽  
The Future ◽  
Insight Into

Every organization needs a staff appropriate for its tasks in order to accomplish its business objectives, both now and in the future. To gain insight into the quality and number of staff needed in the future, human resource forecasting models are being used. This chapter addresses the design of a simulation model for human resources forecasting, which is being developed for the Chief of Naval Personnel, Royal Netherlands Navy. The aim is to provide the Director of Naval Manpower Planning with tools that give insight into the effects of strategic decisions on personnel buildup, and the effects of changes in personnel on reaching the organization’s business objectives.

scholarly journals State-rescaling and re-designing the material city-region: Tensions of disruption and continuity in articulating the future of Greater Manchester

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Hodson ◽  
Andrew McMeekin ◽  
Julie Froud ◽  
Michael Moran
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
City Region ◽  
National Space ◽  
Future Design ◽  
City Regions ◽  
The Future ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The City

In a context of globalisation, the emergence of city-regions and the politics and dynamics of their constitution has been debated for almost two decades. Recent writings have extended this focus to seeing city-regions as a geopolitical project of late capitalism where the state takes a critical role in the re-design of city-regions to make them amenable to international competition and to secure strategic inward investments in the built environment and infrastructure. We explore this issue in the context of state redesign of sub-national space in England and focus on Greater Manchester, as the de facto exemplar of ‘devolution’ to English city-regions. We argue that though re-scaling in Greater Manchester is a long-term historical process this has been punctuated by the UK state’s process of ‘devolution’ since 2014, this has involved a re-design and formalisation of Greater Manchester’s governing arrangements. It has also involved invoking a long dormant role for city-regional planning in articulating the future design of the material city-region over the next two decades as an attempt to formalise and continue a pre-existing, spatially selective growth trajectory by new means. Yet, the disruption of new hard governing arrangements also provides challenges to that trajectory. This produces tensions between, on the one hand, the pursuit of a continuity politics of growth through agglomeration, material transformation of the city-region and narrow forms of urban governance and, on the other hand, a more disruptive politics of the future of the city-region, its material transformation and how it is governed. These tensions are producing new political possibilities and spaces in the transformation of Greater Manchester. The implications of this are discussed.

scholarly journals Preface: Science, disarmament and diplomacy in chemical education: the example of the organisation for the prohibition of chemical weapons – The Spring 2016 Confchem

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
Robert E. Belford ◽  
Jonathan E. Forman
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Chemical Education ◽  
Chemical Weapons ◽  
Nobel Peace Prize ◽  
Scientific Communities ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Chemical Weapons Convention ◽  
The Future ◽  
Multilateral Diplomacy

AbstractIn May and June of 2016 the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), IUPAC and the ACS CHED Committee on Computers in Chemical Education (CCCE) collaboratively ran an online conference hosted with the online ConfChem conference system on “Science, Disarmament and Diplomacy in Chemical Education.”This ConfChem Online Conference was designed to highlight the work of the OPCW and the important contribution of scientists and educators to achieving its goals, the science that underpins the Chemical Weapons Convention, and how scientific and technological advances will help to better implement the Convention in the future.The OPCW is the implementing body for Chemical Weapons Convention, an international disarmament treaty banning chemical weapons. The organisation is now approaching the 20th anniversary of the entry into force of the Chemical Weapons Convention in 1997. Twenty years that have seen the destruction of more than 67 000 metric ton of the world’s declared military stockpiles of chemical weapons and a Nobel Peace Prize in 2013. With 192 States Parties (the governments that have agreed to uphold the norms and obligations required by the treaty), the Chemical Weapons Convention is the most widely subscribed disarmament treaty in history.Despite the aforementioned successes, the OPCW is not widely recognized outside disarmament-focused diplomatic circles. This is in spite of the fact that the science of chemistry played a critical role in informing the negotiations that lead to the signing of the Chemical Weapons Convention, and underpinning the articles of implementation. Science represents an important dimension in international disarmament policy and diplomacy, requiring that organizations like the OPCW interact with the scientific communities – especially in the field of chemistry. In order to achieve its goals in the future, the OPCW will need to reach out to new stakeholders and strengthen its ties with its existing partners. To this end, the OPCW has been placing increasing priority on education and engagement to raise awareness of its work and the contributions both from and to science in chemical disarmament.The objective of this internationally open access ConfChem online conference was to bring forth educational material that could usefully introduce chemistry educators and students to the nexus of science and multilateral diplomacy in chemical disarmament. To this end, we introduce the seven papers of the ConfChem and their authors. We hope you enjoy this collection of papers at the intersection of science and international disarmament policy. A collection that looks to stimulate interest in the role of scientists and educators, especially chemists in making the world a safer place.

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